Tran Thai Thong, Th.S.Unit 6. Aspects of connected speech

Aspects of connected speech

ASSIMILATION2

RHYTHM1

LINKING4

ELISION3

Definition: -The notion of rhythm is an event happening at regular internals of time.-The rhythm of speech is the regular occurrence of stressed syllable at regular internals of timeEX: - Walk down to the path to the 'end of the canal. -John went to a good school in Perth.-Peter travelled to an excellent university in Melbourne.-Video:

RHYTHM1

Words receiving stress in English language.-Lexical words consisting of :NounVerbAdjectiveAdverbNegative words (not ,no, never, without, etc.)

RHYTHM1

For example: Read the passage with rhythm.

RHYTHM1

For example:

RHYTHM1

Notes: Sometimes the speakers put the stress on the grammatical words to emphasize what they mean.Example: Jack will cycle to the restaurant tonight.Rhythm rules: Jack will cycle to the restaurant tonight.But depending on the speakers 'purpose, the sentence can have other rhythm and stress as follows:

RHYTHM1

Video:

RHYTHM1

Exercise:

RHYTHM1

Exercise:

RHYTHM1

Exercise:

RHYTHM1

Definition: Assimilation is the change in pronunciation of a phoneme under the influence of its surrounding sounds. Ex: 1. news /njuz/ but newspaper /njuspeip/ 2. This year / ij ji/ 3. Want to / wn/

ASSIMILATION2

directions of assimilation Including:1/Regressive assimilation2/Progressive assimilation

ASSIMILATION2

directions of assimilation 1/Regressive assimilation: The phoneme that comes first is affected by the one that comes after it. Example: That person /p'psn/ bright color /braik 'kl/ light blue /laip blu/.

2/Progressive assimilation: The phoneme that comes first affects the one that comes after it. Example: in the /in / -> /inn/ get them/get m/ ->/gettm/Read these /ri:d i:s/ ->/ri:ddi:s/

ASSIMILATION2

Types of assimilation: A/ Assimilation in place of articulationB/ Assimilation in manner of articulationC/ Assimilation in voicing

ASSIMILATION2

Assimilation in place of articulation:1. Alveolar + bilabial => bilabial

ASSIMILATION2

A/ Assimilation in place of articulation:1. Alveolar + bilabial => bilabial

ASSIMILATION2

A/ Assimilation in place of articulation:2. Alveolar + velar => velar

ASSIMILATION2

A/ Assimilation in place of articulation:2. Alveolar + velar => velar

ASSIMILATION2

A/ Assimilation in place of articulation:3. Alveolar + detal => dental plosive

ASSIMILATION2

A/ Assimilation in place of articulation:4. Alveolar + palate-alveolar/palatal =>palate

ASSIMILATION2

A/ Assimilation in place of articulation:4. Alveolar + palate-alveolar/palatal =>palate

ASSIMILATION2

B/Assimilation in manner of articulation: Only regressive assimilation of alveolar consonant

ASSIMILATION2

C/Assimilation in voicing: Only regressive assimilation of voiceCf (voiced) + Ci (voiceless) => Cf: voicelessSome examples:

ASSIMILATION2

Definition: Elision is the case of a sound realized as zero or be deleted in casual, rapid speech.There can be vowel elision and consonant elision. Example: vowel: tonight //t'nait/ but in rapid speech /tnait/ consonant: act : /kt/ but acts /ks/

ELISION3

Rules of elision:1. Lost of weak vowel after p, t, k. Ex: potato, tomato, canary, perhaps, today, etc.

ELISION3

Rules of elision:2. Weak vowel + n, l, r becomes syllabic

3. Avoidance of complex consonant cluster:

ELISION3

Rules of elision:4. Loss of /v/ in of before consonantExample:

ELISION3

Definition: Linking is the phenomenon where words or sounds are linked together. There are 2 ways linking.1. Final consonant to initial vowelExample:

LINKING4

2. Final vowel to initial vowela/ Intrusive /j/ when a word ending in /i:/ & /i/ is followed by a word beginning with a vowel.Example:

LINKING4

2. Final vowel to initial vowelb/ Intrusive /w/ when a word ending in /u:/ & /u/ is followed by a word beginning with a vowel.Example:

LINKING4

2. Final vowel to initial vowelc/ notes:

LINKING4

2. Final vowel to initial vowelc/ notes:Linking sometimes confuses the listeners to understand the meaning of the words.Example:

LINKING4

See in chapter 12 of the book:

WEAK FORMExtra