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i Assam: Child Protection Factbook
iAssam: Child Protection Factbook
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© UNICEF 2017Photos: © UNICEF, Assam
Any part of this document may be freely reproduced with appropriate acknowledgement
UNICEF, Office for AssamHouse No. – 27Basisthapur Bylane 3, Beltola RoadGuwahati – 781 028Assam INDIA Tel: +91 11 0361 – 2235151/53Fax: +91 11 0361 - 2235161Email: [email protected]://unicef.in
State Child Protection Society, Assam(An Assam Government Organization under the Department of Social Welfare)46, Survey Bus Stop, Beltola Road,Guwahati – 781 028, AssamPhone: +91-361-2229275/ 2265385Fax: +91-361-2229275Email: [email protected]
UNICEF promotes the rights and wellbeing of every child, in everything we do. Together with our partners, we work in 190 countries and territories to translate that commitment into practical action, focussing special effort on reaching the most vulnerable and excluded children, to the benefi t of all children everywhere.
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Contents1) Acronyms vii
2) Sources of Data 1
3) Profile of Assam 3
4) Child Workers 7
• State Profi le of Child Workers 8
• District Profi le of Child Workers 9
• Child Workers (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) 13
5) Out-of-School Children 15
• State Profi le of Out-of-School Children 16
• District Profi le of Out-of-School Children 17
• Drop-out Rate of School Children 18
6) Crimes Against Children 23
• Cases of Crimes Against Children 24
• Child Traffi cking 26
• Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 26
7) Missing Children 29
8) Competent Authorities Under Juvenile Justice Act 33
• Juvenile Justice Board (JJB) 34
• District Profi le 35
• Child Welfare Committee (CWC) 37
9) Children in Alternative Care 39
• Institutional Care 40
• Family-based Alternative Care 45
10) Accidental Deaths and Suicide among Children 47
11) Disability 51
• State Profi le 52
• District Profi le 53
12) Child Marriage 55
13) Teenage Pregnancy 57
• Pregnancy Among Adolescents 58
• Maternal Death 60
14) Birth Registration 61
• State Profi le 62
• District Profi le 63
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AcronymsADSI – Accidental Deaths and Suicides in India
AHS – Annual Health Survey
CID – Crime Investigation Department
CRS – Civil Registration System
CWSN – Children with Special Needs
DISE - District Information System in Education
DLHS – District Level and Household & Facility Survey
IPC – Indian Penal Code
MCTS – Mother and Child Tracking System
MDR – Maternal Death Review
NCRB – National Crime Records Bureau
NHM – National Health Mission
NSSO – National Sample Survey Organization
PAP – Prospective Adoptive Parents
SCPS – State Child Protection Society
SRS – Sample Registration System
SSA – Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
Acr
onym
s
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Sources of DataS. Source Description ChaptersNo of Data
1 Census The Census of India is a decennial demographic survey 3, 4, 5, 12 conducted by the Offi ce of the Registrar General of India (ORGI) and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA), Government of India, across the country. It generates data on population – size, growth, literacy, workers, marriage, migration – by different stratifi ers and household assets, etc. The child worker data is sourced from the worker data set as per the Census 2011.
2 Sarva The SSA is a fl agship scheme of the Government of India for 4, 5 Shiksha universalization of elementary education. The data on out-of- Abhiyan school children has been sourced from SSA report, 2013. (SSA)
3 National NSSO is the focal agency of the Ministry of Statistics and 4, 5 Sample Programme Implementation, Government of India for collection Survey of statistical data in the areas which are vital for developmental Organization planning. It conducts surveys on socio-economic conditions, (NSSO) demography, agriculture, health, industries, household consumption and expenditure, employment subjects, etc. on a regular basis.
4 U-District U-DISE is a database developed and managed by the NUEPA 4, 5, 12 Information and Ministry of Human Resource and Development (MHRD). System for It gives information on school infrastructure, teachers and Education enrolment indicators. (DISE)
5 District Level DLHS is conducted by International Institute for Population 4, 5 Household Sciences under the aegis of Ministry of Health & Family and Facility Welfare, Government of India. It provides district level Survey estimates on various demographic and reproductive health, and (DLHS) infrastructure-related indicators.
6 National NCRB is an agency under the MoHA, Government of India and 6 Crime has a central responsibility of collection, collation and analysis Records of crime-related data. It publishes an annual crime report which Bureau includes extensive data on crime statistics of all states. (NCRB) Crime Report
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7 Criminal The data on missing children has been derived from CID, 7 Investigation Assam, through SCPS, Assam. Dept. (CID)
8 State Child The SCPS has been set-up under the provisions of the 8, 9 Protection Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS) with specifi c Society functions to implement the child protection legislation, (SCPS), schemes, JJ Act, etc. It maintains a database of all children in Assam institutional care and family-based alternative care on a periodic basis from which the data for the factsheet is sourced.
9 NCRB The NCRB ADSI report is an annual publication by NCRB that 10, 11 Accidental provides information on deaths due to accidents and suicides in Deaths and all states of India. Suicides in India (ADSI) report
10 Annual The AHS is an annual survey conducted by the ORGI in eight 13, 14, 15 Health EAG states for a 3-year period to monitor the outcome of Survey various health interventions of the government under NRHM, (AHS) MoHFW and provides data on core vital and health indicators at the district level.
11 Mother & The MCTS is a portal developed to track pregnant women and 14 Child mothers. The data on adolescent pregnant mothers cited in the Tracking factsheet has been derived from the MCTS, provided by System National Health Mission offi ce (NHM), Assam. (MCTS)
12 National The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) is a large-scale, 13,14, 15 Family DHS-like survey conducted by IIPS under the aegis of MoHFW. Health It provides state and national estimates on fertility, infant and Survey child mortality, the practice of family planning, maternal and (NFHS) child health, reproductive health, nutrition, anaemia, utilization, and quality of health and family planning services.
13 Maternal The MDR provides information on maternal deaths and also 14 Death tracks data by age. The data on maternal deaths cited in the Review factsheet has been derived from MDR database of Assam. (MDR)
14 Civil The CRS report provides data on level of registration of births 15 Registration and deaths for all states and nationally, on annual basis, System published by ORGI. (CRS) report So
urce
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• Assam, a land of diverse ethnicities and rich biodiversity, is one of the North-Eastern states of India and is bounded by Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya, West Bengal, Bangladesh and Bhutan.
• Presently Assam has 32 districts; however, the demographic and other sectoral data of only 27 districts is available as the remaining 5 districts have been recently formed.
• The two river valleys of Brahmaputra and Barak separate the state into two distinct geographical regions.
• There are three Autonomous District Councils – Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council in Karbi Anglong, Dima Hasao Autonomous Council in Dima Hasao and Bodoland Territorial Council covering Baksa, Kokrajhar, Chirang and Udalguri in Assam, adhering to the constitutional provisions for upholding tribal autonomy in designated Sixth Schedule tribal areas of India.
Profi le of Assam
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Demographic Profi le of AssamIndicators Figures Source of data
Population density (per sq. km.) 397
Total population 31.2 million
Male population 15.9 million
Female population 15.2 million
Proportion of SC population (7.2)%
Proportion of ST population 12.4% Census 2011
Child population (0–18 years) / Proportion to total population 12.7 million
Literacy rate
1) Total 72.1%
2) Male 77.8%
3) Female 66.2%
Sex ratio 958
Sex ratio (0–6 years) 962
Sex ratio at birth 947 AHS (2012–2013)
Crude birth rate 22.4 SRS 2014, Statistical report
Crude death rate 7.2
Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) 26
Infant mortality rate (IMR) 48 NFHS 4 (2015–2016)
Under fi ve mortality rate (U5MR) 56 NFHS4 (2015–2016)
Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) 300 SRS 2013, Statistical report
Source: Census 2011 Source: Census 2011
Source: Census 2011
Age-group-wise distribution of child population in Assam
Male and female proportion of total child population of Assam
20%(2,519,724)
49%(6,311,350)
31%(3,937,549) 49%
(6,208,885)
51%(6,559,738)
Female
Male
(0–5 years)
(6–14 years)
(15–18 years)
5
Age-group and sex-wise proportion of total child population in Assam
Female
Male
1190635
3086627
1931623
1329089
3224723
2005926
(15–18 years) (6–14 years) (0–5 years)
District-wise Child Population (0–18 Years) of Assam District Child Proportion District Child Proportion Population of total Population of total (0-18 years) population (0-18 years) population
Kokrajhar 375886 42% Karbi Anglong 423959 44%
Dhubri 908656 47% Dima Hasao 90507 42%
Goalpara 447785 44% Cachar 702824 40%
Barpeta 744293 44% Karimganj 543598 44%
Morigaon 428837 45% Hailakandi 295058 45%
Nagaon 1230886 44% Bongaigaon 311178 42%
Sonitpur 773847 40% Chirang 206002 43%
Lakhimpur 432060 41% Kamrup 581298 38%
Dhemaji 293144 43% Kamrup Metro 383900 31%
Tinsukia 522179 39% Nalbari 283081 37%
Dibrugarh 484938 37% Baksa 369237 39%
Sivasagar 413162 36% Darrang 408040 44%
Jorhat 378970 35% Udalguri 329649 40%
Golaghat 405649 38% Assam (Total) 12768623 41%
Source: Census 2011
Source: Census 2011
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Child WorkersAccording to Census 2011 – ‘Work is defi ned as participation in any economically productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profi t. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. All persons (irrespective of age and sex) who participated in any economically productive activity for any length of time during the reference period are defi ned as workers.’
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State Profi le of Child Workers
Child population in Assam (5–14 yrs)
7,036,066
Child worker population 347,353
5 in every 100 children between 5 and 14 years in Assam is a child worker.
Number of child workers (5–14 years)in Assam
Gender-wise percentage share of total child workers in Assam
39% girls
61% boys
135,805 girl child
workers in Assam211,548
boy child workers in
Assam
1991
1.2
3.51
3.47
2001 20111991
1.2
3.51
3.47
2001 2011
Source: Census 2011
Source: Census 2011 Source: Census 2011
Source: Census 2011
Child workers over the years in Assam (in lakhs)
Residence-wise percentage share of total child workers in Assam
92.1% Rural
7.9%Urban
9
District Profi le of Child Workers
Source: Census 2011Source: Census 2011
Age-group wise proportion of child workers in Assam
(10–14 years)
7.9%
1.9%
(5–9 years)
10%of boys or
1 in 10 boys6.0%
of girls or at least
1 in 20 girls
2.6% of the total workers in Assam are children (aged 5–14 years), i.e., 1 in 50 workers in Assam is a child (5–14 years).
District-wise proportion of child worker of the district-wise total child population (5–14 years) in Assam
5.7
6.6
5.5
7.9
5.4
7.3
6.1 6.2
5.4
District-wise proportion of child worker of the district-wise total child population (5–14 years) in Assam
5.7
6.6
5.5
7.9
5.4
7.3
6.1 6.2
5.4
Source: Census 2011
Kok
rajh
ar
4.2
3.4
5.3
4.4
5
4.4
4.7
4.3
4.95.3
4.1 3.9 3.93.6 3.7
5.4
3.7
4.5 4.2
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Siv
asag
ar
Ass
am
Jorh
at
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
Kam
rup
(M)
Nal
bari
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
Percentage of child workers (10–14 years) in Assam
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Dhemaji district has the highest proportion of child labour among all districts in Assam while Dhubri district shares the highest number of child labour of the total child labour in Assam.
District-wise percentage share of child workers (5–14 years) of the total child workers (5–14 years) in Assam
Source: Census 2011
Source: Census 2011
9.5
8.7
District-wise percentage share of child workers (5–14 years) of the total child workers (5–14 years) in Assam
9.5
8.7
3.42.9
43.7 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.6
2.8
4.3
3.4 3.64.2
3.3
1.7 1.8 23.2
1.7
3.2 32.2
6.2
5.7
0.6
Kok
rajh
ar
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Siv
asag
ar
Jorh
at
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
Kam
rup
(M)
Nal
bari
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
District-wise proportion of male child workers (5–14 years) of total male population (5–14 years) in Assam
6.7
9.5
6
5
7.5
6.45.8
6.2
8.3
4.8
5
4.6
6.1
7.8
5.8 5.8
4.54.8
5.24.6
5.2
6.8 7.5
6
4.7
6.26.8
4.8
Kok
rajh
ar
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Siv
asag
ar
Ass
am
Jorh
at
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
Kam
rup
(M)
Nal
bari
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
11
District-wise percentage share of male child workers (5–14 years) of total male child workers (5–14 years) in Assam
Source: Census 2011
Kok
rajh
ar
3.2
10.9
3.3
4.84.2
3.53.1 3.2 3.1
2.4
3.7
3 3.1
4.23.6
1.72.1 1.8
2.9
1.7
2.93.6
2.1
10.1
5.8 5.5
0.5
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Siv
asag
ar
Jorh
at
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
Kam
rup
(M)
Nal
bari
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
Among the districts, Dhubri has both the highest proportion of male child workers (5–14 years) and the highest share of the total male child workers in the state.
District-wise proportion of female child workers ( 5–14 years) of total female population (5–14 years) in Assam
Source: Census 2011
Kok
rajh
ar
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Siv
asag
ar
Jorh
at
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
Kam
rup
(M)
Nal
bari
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
5
4.1
2.61.9
3.32.6
4.45
7.9
4.34.6
4.1 3.9
7.1
5 5.3
3.9
3.12.8 2.6 2.3
5.65.1 5.1 4.9
2.9 2.6
3.7
Ass
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Sectoral distribution of child labour in Assam
Among the districts, Dhemaji has the highest proportion of female child workers (5–14 years) of total female child population and Dhubri holds the highest share of the total female child workers in the state.
66%
11%
8%
11%2%
2%
Agriculture
Mining and Quarry
Manufacturing
Construction
Trade, Hotel
Others
Source: NSSO 2009–2010
District-wise percentage share of female child workers (5–14 years) of total female child workers (5–14 years) in Assam
Source: Census 2011
Kok
rajh
ar
3.7
7.3
2.32.8 2.9
6.66.9
4.34.7
4.4 4.3
3.3
5.3
4.14.4 4.2
0.7
2.9
1.5 1.4
2.3
3.8
5.9
3.7
1.62.1
2.5
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Siv
asag
ar
Jorh
at
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
Kam
rup
(M)
Nal
bari
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
13
Child Workers (Scheduled Castes andScheduled Tribes)
6.8%of total child
population arefrom SC 6%
of total child workers population are
from SC
4.9% of total child population
are workers
17.2% of total child
workers population are from ST
12.4% of total child
population are from ST
Source: Census 2011
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Out-of-School ChildrenThe Right To Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, refers to out-of-school children as those who have either not been admitted to any school or having been admitted have not completed elementary education and have dropped out.
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State Profi le of Out-of-School Children
56% (54,524)
girls out-of-school in Assam
44%(42,977)
boys out-of-schoolin Assam
1.7%* (97,601)
number of out-of-school children in Assam
Proportion of out-of-school children in Assam (6–13 years) in 2014–2015
Number of out-of-school children in Assam (6–13 years)
*calculated against Census 2011 projected population of 6–13 years for the year 2015Source: SSA, Assam
2012-13
102518
88516
97501
2013-14 2014-15
17
District Profi le of Out-of-School Children
Source: SSA, Assam* The graph shows the percentage share of out-of-school children of all districts against their respective proportion of children (6–13years) to total child population (6–13 years) of Assam.
Dima Hasao district has the highest proportion of out-of-school children among allthe districts in Assam, although the other districts are marginally more or less thanits mark.
Karimganj district has 4.4% of the total child population (6–13 years) in Assam but contributes to 8.4% of the total out-of-school children (6–13 years) in Assam
Source: SSA, 2014
District-wise total out-of-school children in Assam (2014)
1099
45885005 5146
8368
1317
2704 29603518 3467
2898
1509 17661529
3186
1700
6071
4455
8189
6272
2745 2464
12711616
5684
6818
1156
Kok
rajh
ar
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
(M)
Kam
rup
(R)
Nal
bari
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
District-wise percentage share of out-of-school children against district-wise percentage share of total child population (6–13 years) in Assam*
Kok
rajh
ar
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
(M)
Kam
rup
(R)
Nal
bari
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
3 3 3 3 33 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 334 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
910
8 8
1 1 1 1 1
6 6 6 6 67
5 5 5 55
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 222
Proportion of total population in Assam Percentage share of total out-of-school children
Out
-of-S
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Drop-Out Rate of School Children
State Profi le of Average Annual Drop-Out Rate of School Children
The average annual drop-out rate of schools, apart from being an indicator of universal elementary education attainment, also holds signifi cance with respect to child labour as the dropped-out children are a vulnerable cohort who could be introduced to child labour and might lose the opportunity of education in their life.
Lower primary school
15.4%
Upper primary school
10.5%Source: U-DISE ‘School Education in India’ Report (2015–2016)
Average annual drop-out rate in Assam
2011–2012 2012–2013 2013–2014 2014–2015
9.7
10.4
6.3
7.3 7.47.1
15.4
10.5
Source: U-DISE ‘School Education in India’
Primary Upper primary
Drop-out rate in primary schools in 2014–2015
19
District Profi le of Drop-out Rate
Boys drop out more than girls in both primary and upper primary stage. Hailakandi district had the highest drop-out rate in both lower primary and upper primary stage in schools of Assam in 2014–2015.
Drop-out rate in lower primary schools in Assam
Source: U-DISE (2014–2015)K
okra
jhar
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Nal
bari
Jorh
at
Ass
am
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
(R)
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
4.8
8.5 7.76.6
9.9
5.43.9
8.2
4.25.9
7.4
4.6
9.1
56.1
8.16.9 7.7 6.9
3.9 3.9
6.48.4
10.9
13.712.2
22.6
Drop-out rate in upper primary schools in Assam
Source: U-DISE (2014–2015)
Kok
rajh
ar
4.8
7.7 8.016.6 6.4 6.5
3.85.03
8.49.6
3.82.6
7.05
1.93.9
20.5
17.6
11.19.1
7.9
11.1
6.5 5.9 5.9
1.1
14.1
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Kam
rup
(R)
Ass
am
Bak
sa
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
Out
-of-S
choo
l Chi
ldre
n
20
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Reasons for Drop-out
Child labour can be strongly linked with drop-out of students as can be seen from the above two pie-charts. 42% of boys and 32.4% of girls are seen to drop-out due to work (household work, family work/business and outside work)
Reasons for drop-out among male children under 18 years of age in Assam (2007–2008)
6.8
17.9
4.8
19.316.3
3.9
16.6
5.1
52.7
1
0.3 School too far
Transport not available
Further education not necessary
Required for work on family/business
Others
Got married
Repeated failures
Not interested in studies
For taking care of siblings
Not safe to send girls
No proper school
Cost too much
Required for outside work
Required for household work
School too far
Transport not available
Further education not necessary
Required for work on family/business
Others
Got married
Repeated failures
Not interested in studies
For taking care of siblings
Not safe to send girls
No proper school
Cost too much
Required for outside work
Required for household work
4.1
1.7
5.4
20.7
1.89.9
21.2
0.4
1.1
4.7
10.8
5
7.1
6.2
Source: DLHS3 (2007–2008)
21
In a nationwide SSA study of 2009–2010, 36.9% of boys and 28.9% of girls who dropped out of primary school in Assam cited family/domestic work as their reason. Of those children who dropped out in the upper primary stage in Assam, 48% boys and 38.5% girls cited family/domestic work as their reason.
Current activity of girls and boys after drop-out in lower primary and upper primary stage in Assam (2009–2010)
Girls
Girls
Boys
Boys
Upp
er p
rimar
yP
rimar
y
45.632.2
51.640
26.554.7
3442
Working to earn money Helping family in household work/agriculture
Source: SSA Report, 2013
Out
-of-S
choo
l Chi
ldre
n
22
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
23
Crimes Against Children
24
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
A – Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act
B – Immoral Traffi c Prevention Act,
C – Human Traffi cking
D – Prohibition of Child Marriage Act
E – Murder
F – Rape
G – Assault on girl child with intent to outrage her modesty
H – Attempt to commit murder
I – Juvenile Justice Act
J – Other crimes (includes one case of infanticide)
K – Kidnapping and abduction
L – POCSO Act
M – Procuration of minor girls
3%percentage
contribution to all-India total cases of crimes against
children,i.e., 2,835
total cases of crimes against children
registered in Assam
Cases of crime committed against children in Assam in 2015
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
1303
731
383
13283664543161495 4
Number of crime cases against children in Assam in 2015
Cases of Crimes Against Children
Source: NCRB Crime Report 2015
Source: NCRB Crime Report 2015
25
There is a clear rise in the registration of cases of crimes against children as indicated by the trendline as well as in the rate of incidence, which is calculated as the incidence of crimes against children per lakh of estimated mid-year child population.
Children between the ages of 16 and 18 years are most vulnerable to rape, kidnapping and abductions.
Source: NCRB Crime Report 2015
Total cases of crimes against children registered in Assam in 2015
2012 2013 2014 2015
2835
1385
518392
Rate of incidence of crimes against children in Assam
2012 2013 2014 2015
23.8
11.6
4.43.4
Source: NCRB Crime Report, 2015
Age-wise distribution of child rape victims by cases registered in Assam
in 2015
>6
7
20
15
1
6 to <12 years
12 to <16 years
16 to <18 years
Distribution of child kidnapping and abduction victims by cases registered in
Assam in 2015
>6 6 to <12 years
12 to <16 years
16 to <18 years
282
96
50
Source: NCRB Crime Report 2015
Source: NCRB Crime Report, 2015
Crim
es A
gain
st C
hild
ren
26
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Child Traffi cking
Protection of Children from Sexual Off ences Act, 2012
Total cases registered under child trafficking in Assam
Although the cases registered under child traffi cking do not indicate its total incidence, nevertheless, in absence of a signifi cant baseline study, this can indicate the growing incidence of such crimes. Assam has registered the highest number of cases in traffi cking of children during 2015 along with the highest rate of incidence (11.2) and the highest percentage contribution of 37.7% to the all-India total cases of child traffi cking.
When the district disaggregated data is looked into, the most striking thing that gets revealed is that from 2001 to 2012 all the cases registered under Procuration of Minor girls (Sec. 366A-IPC) in Assam are from Dhubri, which might tell us to probe into the causal factors behind the high incidence or poor reporting of registered cases in other districts. (The district disaggregated data of 2013 and 2014 are not yet published)
The POCSO (Protection of Children from Sexual Offences) Act, 2012 was enacted to protect all children under the age of 18 years from the offences of sexual assault, sexual harassment and pornography and establish Special courts for trial of such offences. The Act provides for stringent punishments, ranging from simple to rigorous imprisonment of varying periods.
Source: NCRB Crime Report
Cases registered under POCSO Act in Assam
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
78144 124 129
303
1317
3112014
7312015
Source: NCRB ‘Crime Report in India’, 2015
27
Source: NCRB ‘Crime Report in India’, 2015
Table of major cases of crime against children registered from 2011 to 2015
2001 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 18
2002 1 1 3 1 0 0 6 0 1 1 14
2003 0 2 5 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 19
2004 0 1 7 3 0 0 8 1 1 0 21
2005 1 12 90 18 1 5 0 2 0 70 199
2006 0 11 61 25 1 5 0 1 1 147 252
2007 0 2 34 29 0 0 0 0 1 101 167
2008 0 1 27 7 0 0 0 0 1 147 183
2009 0 4 10 5 0 0 0 0 0 25 44
2010 0 10 39 17 0 0 75 3 0 53 197
2011 0 8 40 29 0 0 142 0 0 17 236
2012 0 15 156 68 0 0 122 0 0 31 392
2013 0 14 230 80 0 0 129 0 0 194 518
2014 0 22 125 70 0 0 303 0 4 861 1385
2015 1 16 43 383 0 0 1303 0 14 1075 2835
Yea
r
Infa
nti
cid
e
Foet
icid
e
Mu
rder
Rap
e
Kid
nap
pin
g
and
Ab
du
ctio
n
Ab
etm
ent
of
Su
icid
e
Pro
cura
tio
n o
f M
ino
r G
irls
Sel
ling
of
gir
ls
for
pro
stit
uti
on
To
tal C
rim
es
Ag
ain
st C
hild
ren
Oth
er C
rim
es
Pro
hib
itio
n o
f C
hild
Mar
riag
e A
ct, 2
006
Crim
es A
gain
st C
hild
ren
28
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
29
Missing ChildrenFollowing a landmark judgment by the Supreme Court in 2013, a directive was issued for compulsory registration of cases by police of missing children with the assumption that they are victims of kidnapping and traffi cking. Following registration of FIR, the details of the missing child are entered in the portal trackthemissingchild.gov.in. If the child is found, the details are matched in the website and the child is mandatorily produced before the CWC before being restored to her/his original guardians.
30
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
1,674missing children
911traced children
1,029 girls
645 boys
573 girls
338 boys
Missing children in Assam
2012 2013 2014 2015
1233
1002 1007 1029
645
570
619 615
Male Female
Missing and traced children in Assam
20151674
911
1577791
1617688
1852698
2014
2013
2012
Missing children Traced children
Source: CID Assam
Number of missing and traced children in 2015
Source: CID Assam
Source: CID Assam
31
The ratio of missing boys to girls has been consistently high over the years.
The above fi gures do not necessarily indicate the distribution of areas under the police stations refl ecting higher incidence of cases of missing children, as the data is derived from the Track Child portal, in which all police stations are supposed to upload and register all missing cases online. Thus, Sivasagar police station has succeeded to register the highest cases of missing children in the online portal.
Top 10 police stations registering cases of missing children (01/01/2014 – 31/03/2016)
2012 20122013 20132014 20142015 2015
619
262
615
275
570
270
645
338
1233
436
413 52
1
573
1002
1007 10
29
Missing and traced male children in Assam
Missing and traced female children in Assam
Source: CID Assam
Source: Track Child portal (trackthemissingchild.gov.in)
Source: CID Assam
Missing children Traced children Missing children Traced children
Sivasagar
SivasagarDistrict
Station
81
Mangaldoi
Darrang
51
Jorhat
Jorhat
40
Tinsukia
Tinsukia
32
Kharupetiya
Darrang
24
Demow
Sivasagar
22
Karimganj
Karimganj
20
Udalguri
Udalguri
19
Nazira
Sivasagar
18
Baihata
Kamrup
18
Mis
sing
Chi
ldre
n
32
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
33
Competent Authorities Under Juvenile Justice Act
34
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Juvenile Justice Board (JJB)Cases instituted and disposed in JJBS in Assam in 2016
The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act, 2015 makes it mandatory to have one Juvenile Justice Board (JJB) in each district to deal with matters relating to juveniles in confl ict with law. There are 27 JJBs in Assam.
As seen from the above fi gure, there has been a rise in the number of cases registered against juveniles in confl ict with law.
Number of cases instituted against cases disposed in Assam
2015
2014
2013
2012
Source: SCPS Assam
14221182
16081334
9851093
10251136
No. of cases disposed No. of cases instituted
1,182cases instituted
1,422cases disposed 1,379
cases pending
Source: SCPS Assam
35
District Profi le
The district of Kamrup (Metro) had the highest number of cases registered in JJB (107) while Dima Hasao had the least (14). Likewise, the JJB in Kamrup (Metro) also had the highest number of cases disposed in the JJBs.
District-wise cases instituted and disposed in 2016
Kok
rajh
ar
4056 5854
4180
4539
5370
9646
1339
6318 18
6770
63 6224 30
5460
9712
743 48
30
3741
5568
35 3223
1772
104
4423
5685
4668
4755
3125
8
28
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Kam
rup
(M)
Kam
rup
(R)
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Nal
bari
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
Instituted cases Disposed cases
District-wise cases instituted and disposed in 2015
182
206
District-wise cases instituted and disposed in 2015
182
206
Kok
rajh
ar
4961
7055
41 4555
44 4810
657
2879
14
4638
5570
4352
36
4834
107
2944
30 3464
8840
7130 32
7910
862
5557
66 6483
3552
13 16
7
0
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Kam
rup
(M)
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Nal
bari
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
Instituted cases Disposed cases
Source: SCPS Assam
Source: SCPS Assam
Com
pete
nt A
utho
ritie
s U
nder
Juv
enile
Jus
tice
Act
36
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
The trendline indicates a relatively positive trend with a drop in number of pending cases in JJBs over the past few years.
Number of pending cases in JJBs in Assam
1782
2013
1890
2014
1616
2015
1379
2016
Source: SCPS Assam
Source: SCPS Assam
Source: SCPS Assam
Pending cases in JJBs of Assam in 2016
Kok
rajh
ar
7
116
32 26
69
18
112
35
25
93
20
33
49
41 47
61
46
126
3
14
207
24
96
19
38
22
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Kam
rup
(M)
Kam
rup
(R)
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Nal
bari
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
District-wise pending cases in Assam in JJBs in 2014 and 2015
Kok
rajh
ar
21 3311
297
70 7443 32
8314
144
1579
182
17 367 59
96 111
19 28 3910
55 4171
170
39 54
318 10
239
268
125
45 41
16
60
19
4663
38
134
0
139
50
163
54
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Mor
igao
n
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Kam
rup
(M)
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Nal
bari
Dar
rang
Uda
lgur
i
2015 2014
The above two fi gures show high pendency of cases in Nagaon district which, if co-related with the pending cases in 2016 till March, indicates a probability of highest pendency in Nagaon even at the end of the current year.
37
Child Welfare Committee (CWC)Cases instituted and disposed in CWCs in Assam in 2016
The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act, 2015, makes it mandatory to set up Child Welfare Committees (CWC) to deal with all matters relating to children in need of care and protection. There are 26 CWCs in Assam.
Source: SCPS Assam
Status of cases in Child Welfare Committees in Assam
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
1133
841
325
16691725
269
1780
1680
369
2285 2177
477
29192750
641
Instituted Disposed Pending
Source: SCPS Assam
2,919(cases instituted)
2,750(cases disposed)
641(cases pending)
Com
pete
nt A
utho
ritie
s U
nder
Juv
enile
Jus
tice
Act
38
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Trend of instituted cases in CWCs of Assam
Trend of pending cases in CWCs of Assam
As is refl ected clearly, the overall number of cases instituted in CWCs is rising; however, the fi gures also refl ect an increasing accumulation of pending cases.
Source: SCPS Assam
1133
2012 2012
1669
2013 2013
1780
2014 2014
2258
2015 2015
2919
2016 2016
325269
369
477641
39
Children in Alternative Care
40
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Institutional Care
Children’s Home
The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, directs for the creation of institutional facilities and maintenance of existing institutional facilities for both children in confl ict with law and children in need of care and protection. These include Open Shelters, Children’s Homes and Observation Homes, Special Homes and Place of Safety.
A large number of children in need of care and protection who enter the juvenile justice system through the Child Welfare Committees (CWCs) require residential care and protection during the pendency of any inquiry and subsequently for their long-term care, treatment, education, training, development and rehabilitation. The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000, empowers the State Government, either by itself or in collaboration with voluntary organizations, to set up Children’s Homes in every district or group of districts for the reception and residential care of such children.
Children moved out
1,808
559
1,249
Institutionalized children
2,046777
1,269
Source: SCPS, Assam
Number of children institutionalized and moved out of Children’s Homes in 2016
Source: SCPS, Assam
41The number of girls institutionalized in Children’s Homes has been higher than boys over the years as seen from the above fi gures.
Source: SCPS, Assam
Number of female children institutionalized and moved out of Children’s Homes in Assam
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
12691249
11801169
11801170
871876
329490
No. of children newly institutionalized (admission) No. of children moved out of institution
Number of male children institutionalized and moved out of Children’s Homes in Assam
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
Source: SCPS, Assam
777559
696698
389806
255271
224119
No. of children newly institutionalized (admission) No. of children moved out of institution
Source: SCPS, Assam
Number of children institutionalized and moved out of Children’s Homes
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
553609
1126 1147
1569
19761876 1867
2046
1808
No. of children newly institutionalized (admission) No. of children moved out of institution
Chi
ldre
n in
Alte
rnat
ive
Car
e
42
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Children in confl ict with law who enter the juvenile justice system through the Juvenile Justice Boards (JJBs) are in need of adequate residential care and protection during the pendency of any inquiry regarding them under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. The Act empowers the State Governments to establish and maintain, either by itself or under an agreement with NGOs, Observation Homes in every district or group of districts for their temporary reception.
Number of children institutionalized and moved out of Observation Homes in Assam
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
421394
500
378
646574 584 574
686 680
No. of children newly institutionalized (admission) No. of children moved out of institution
Source: SCPS, Assam
Number of male children newly institutionalized and moved out of Observation Homes in Assam
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
663672
567573
561636
374495
386415
Number of male children newly institutionalized and moved out of Observation Homesin Assam
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
663672
567573
561636
374495
386415
Source: SCPS, Assam
Moved out Newly institutionalized
Observation Home
686 680
Institutionalized children Children moved out
672 663
17
14
Source: SCPS Assam
Number of children institutionalized and moved out of Observation Homes in 2016
Source: SCPS Assam
43
Number of female children institutionalized and moved out of Observation Homes in Assam
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
1714
117
1310
45
86
Moved out Newly institutionalized
There is a clear higher number of boys institutionalized in Observation Homes over the years as seen from the above fi gures.
Children’s home disaggregated data
SL
Nu
mb
er
Dis
tric
t/C
ity
Bo
ys/G
irls
Go
vt. r
un
/ P
riva
te
Ch
ildre
n h
om
e (C
H)/
Ob
s.
Ho
me
(OH
)
Period from January to December, 2016
Nam
e o
f th
e N
GO
s
New
A
dm
issi
on
Ch
ildre
n
Mo
ved
Ou
t1 Golaghat Both Private CH Bokakhat Nirman Gut 15 16
2 Dhubri Both Private CH Fulkumari Bapuji Club (Saya) 33 26
3 Guwahati Both Private CH Gram Vikash Parishad 4 9
4 Morigaon Both Private CH Gramya Unnayan Sanstha, 21 27
5 Guwahati Both Private CH Destination 11 5
6 Jorhat Both Private CH IMPACT–N.E. 0 5
7 Goalpara Both Private CH Integrated Development 64 55 Association (Alok Greha)
8 Baksa Both Private CH Mission North-East 4 5
9 Dib Both Private CH Mrinaljyoti Rehabilitation 6 3 Centre, (Jyoti Nivas)
10 Chirang Both Private CH Nischima Orphanage Home 11 36 Society
11 Tinsukia Both Private CH Shanti Seva Ashram 74 62
12 Guwahati Both Private CH Sishu Kalyan Sadan 36 2
Source: SCPS, Assam
Chi
ldre
n in
Alte
rnat
ive
Car
e
44
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
13 Guwahati Both Private CH Snehalaya, Centre for Child 46 31 Rights
14 Sonitpur Both Private CH SOFTSEED, (both) 72 62
15 Guwahati Both Private CH SOS Children’s Village 23 23
16 Hojai Both Private CH SOS Children’s Village, Hojai 16 23
17 Dhemaji Both Private CH Sri Sri Sewa Ashram 4 9
18 Barpeta Both Private CH Students Welfare Mission 5 2
19 Cachar Both Private CH WODWICHEE 53 37
20 Guwahati Girls Govt. CH Jalukbari Girls’ Home 405 405
21 Nagaon Girls Govt. CH Nagaon Children’s Home 479 495
22 Guwahati Boys Govt. CH Fatisil Ambari 352 253
23 Guwahati Girls Govt. CH Jalukbari Transitional Home 103 103
24 Guwahati Both Private CH Seven Sisters 4 2
25 Sivsagar Both Private CH Shape 47 30
26 Jorhat Both Private CH Hopeline 35 22
27 Sivasagar Both Private CH Kaumudalaya 4 1
28 Mangaldai Both Private CH Mangaldai Mahila Kalyan 0 0 Samaj
29 Karimganj Both Private CH Netaji Sporting Club 1 0
30 Udalguri Both Private CH ROSS 15 3
31 Nalbari Both Private CH Society for Human 20 3 Development
Observation home disaggregated data
(Contd...) Children’s home disaggregated data
SL
Nu
mb
er
Dis
tric
t/C
ity
Bo
ys/G
irls
Go
vt. r
un
/ P
riva
te
Ch
ildre
n h
om
e (C
H)/
Ob
s.
Ho
me
(OH
)
Nam
e o
f th
e N
GO
s
New
A
dm
issi
on
Ch
ildre
n
Mo
ved
Ou
t
32 Nagaon Both Private CH Sodou Asom Grammya 7 3 Puthibharal Sangstha
33 Lakhimpur Both Private CH Lakhimpur Children Home 45 37
34 Dibrugarh Both Private CH Prerona 21 10
35 Baksa Both Private CH Zwngmai 10 3
Total (Children’s Home) in Assam 2,046 1,808
45
(Contd...) Observation home disaggregated data
Family-based Alternative Care
Adoption
SL
Nu
mb
er
Dis
tric
t/C
ity
Bo
ys/G
irls
Go
vt. r
un
/ P
riva
te
Ch
ildre
n h
om
e (C
H)/
Ob
s.
Ho
me
(OH
)
Period from January to December, 2016
Nam
e o
f th
e N
GO
s
New
A
dm
issi
on
Ch
ildre
n
Mo
ved
Ou
t
27 Jorhat Boys Govt. OH Jorhat Observation Home 312 300
28 Boko Boys Govt. OH Boko Observation Home 316 319
29 Nagaon Girls Govt. OH Nagaon Observation Home 8 9
30 Guwahati Girls Govt. OH Jalukbari Observation Home 6 8
31 Silchar Observation Home 44 44
Total (observation home) in Assam 686 680
GRAND TOTAL (Children’s Home + Observation Home) in Assam 2,732 2,488
The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, and the Model Central Rules, 2016, framed thereunder provide for the rehabilitation and reintegration of children through sponsorship, foster-care, adoption and after-care.
Adoption status in Assam in 2016
25Children placed
in adoption
43Children for pre-adoption
55Children awaiting
adoption
190Number of PAPs awaiting adoption
Source: SCPS Assam
Chi
ldre
n in
Alte
rnat
ive
Car
e
46
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Status of adoption of children in Assam
No. of children placed in adoption
No. of children for pre-adoption
No. of children awaiting adoption
No. of PAPs awaiting adoption
93
110
25 27
86
43 48
22
55
120
89
190
2014 2015 2016
Status of adoption of male children in Assam
Boys placed in adoption No. of boys in pre-adoption No. of boys awaiting adoption
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
31
23
30
22
36
14
10
15
4744
40
6 8
17
26
Status of adoption of female children in Assam
No. of girl children placed in adoption
No. of girl children for pre-adoption
No. of girl children awaiting adoption
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
34
27
35
26
40
37
46
17
33
66
46
16 17
2629
There were fewer children placed in adoption in 2016 as compared to the previous years.
Source: SCPS Assam
Source: SCPS Assam
Source: SCPS Assam
47
Accidental Deaths and Suicide among Children
48
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Incidence of suicides is higher in males than female children in Assam. Suicides among children (in the age group of 14 to less than 18 years) account for 98.3% of the total suicides in children in Assam.
358 childrenunder 18 years of age committed suicide
10.8% is the percentage share of suicides of the 14–under18 years age group of the total suicides in Assam in 2015
164 girls under 18 years committed suicide
194 boys under 18 years committed suicide
3.8%Assam’s share of the all-India total number
of suicides among children
Source: NCRB ADSI Report 2015
2014
245
163
2015
194
164
Suicides among children (under 18 years) in Assam
Boys Girls
0–14 years 15–under 18 years
5
159
0-14 years 15–under 18 years
193
1
Suicides among children in Assam in 2015
Source: NCRB ADSI Report 2015
10.8% is the percentage share of suicides of the 14–under18 years age group of the total suicides in Assam in 2015
49
856 children under 18 years of age died of road accidents in Assam in 2015
19.7% of total accidental deaths in Assam is of children under 18 years of age in 2015, which is
the highest among all states in India
2015147 girls under 18 years died in road accidents in Assam in 2014
709 boys under 18 years died in road accidents in Assam in 2014
43girl victims of road accidents (below 14 years)
104girl victims of road accidents (14–below 18 years)
140boy victims of roadaccidents (below 14 years)
569boy victims of road acidents (14–below 18 years)
Source: NCRB ADSI Report 2015 Acc
iden
tal D
eath
s an
d Su
icid
e am
ongs
t Chi
ldre
n
50
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
There has been a total 83% increase in the total number of accidental deaths among children (0–18 years) in Assam from 2014 to 2015
Source: NCRB ADSI Report 2015
Incidence of deaths due to road accidents is 57% more in males than female children in Assam. There is a clear and signifi cant upward trend in accidental deaths among children in Assam.
2014 2015
402
66
709
147
Gender-wise trend of accidental deaths of children in Assam
Boys Girls
Trend of accidental deaths of childrenin Assam
2014
468
856
2015
Source: SCPS Assam
51
Disability
52
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
134,479 is the total number of population of 0–19 years of age who are disabled in Assam
73,233 number of boys (0–19 years) who are disabled in Assam
61,246 number ofgirls (0–19 years) whoare disabled in Assam
1% of the population (0–19) years in Assam is disabled
28% of total disabled population in Assam fall in the (0–19) years age group
88% of disabled population (0–19 years) of Assam reside in rural areas while the remaining 12% reside in urban areas.
The largest share of disabled population between 0 and 19 years is held by the (10–19 years) age group. 54.4% of disabled population (0–19 years) are males and 45.6% are females.
Male Female
42.6%
57.4%
43.4%
56.6%
Age-group-wise percentage share of disabled population (0–19 years) in
Assam (2011)
0–9 years 10–19 years
31192
42041
26606
34640
Proportion of disabled population(0–19 years) by age group in Assam
Percentage distribution of population (0–19) by type of disability in Assam (2011)
57%
17%
26%
0–4 years 5–9 years 10–19 years Seeing Hearing
Mental retardation & mental illness
Multiple disability
Other
MovementSpeech
State Profi le
Source: Census 2011
Source: Census 2011Source: Census 2011
Source: Census 2011
Disability
23%10%
15%
21%
11%
12%
8%
53
District Profi leDistrict-wise proportion of disabled population (0–19 years) in Assam
Kok
rajh
ar0.
9 1
0.86 0.9
1.1
1
0.9
0.7 0.
8
0.8
1 1.01 1.
1
1
0.8
0.7
1.1
1.1
1.1
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.1
1
1.1
1
0.5
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Kam
rup
(M)
Kam
rup
(R)
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Nal
bari
Ass
am
Dar
rang
Bak
sa
Uda
lgur
i
Source: Census 2011
Source: DISE (2012), Census 2011
Total CWSN enrolled (DISE
2012)
Total disabled population (5–19 yrs)
(Census 2011)
87931
111892
Number of CWSN enrolled upto Class XII
31.1% is the percentage of out-of-school CWSN in Assam according to
NSSO – SSA study (2014)
Percentage share of districts of total disabled population (0–19 years) in Assam
9.6
7.3
6.1
5.7
5.3
5.1
4.6
4.4
3.9
3.8
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.1
3
3
2.9
2.8
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.4
1.9
1.9
1.6
0.5
Kokrajhar
Dhubri
Goalpara
Barpeta
Morigaon
Nagaon
Sonitpur
Lakhimpur
Dhemaji
Tinsukia
Dibrugarh
Sibsagar
Jorhat
Kamrup (M)
Kamrup (R)
Golaghat
Karbi Anglong
Dima Hasao
Cachar
Karimganj
Hailakandi
Bongaigaon
Chirang
Nalbari
Darrang
Baksa
Udalguri
Source: Census 2011
Dis
abili
ty
54
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
55
Child MarriageThe Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, states – ‘Child means a person who, if a male, has not completed twenty-one years of age, and if a female, has not completed eighteen years of age’ – and deems marriages of minors illegal and punishable under law.
56
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
District Profi le
State Profi le
Source: NFHS4 (2015–2016)
32.6% women (20–24 years of age) were married before they turned 18 years
23.3% men (25–29 years of age) were married before they turned 21 years
The district of Dhubri indicates the highest incidence of child marriage for girls.
Proportion of women (20–24) years married below 18 years in Assam (2015–2016)
Kok
rajh
ar
19 21 22 22 22
26 26 26 27 27 27
29 30 30 30 30 32
34 37
38
41 41
43 43
47
48
49
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Kam
rup
(M)
Kam
rup
(R)
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Bon
gaig
aon
Chi
rang
Nal
bari
Dar
rang
Bak
sa
Uda
lgur
i
Source: NFHS4 (2015–2016)
57
Teenage Pregnancy
58
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
13.6% of adolescent girls or 1 in 10 adolescent girls (15–19 years age) in Assam were pregnant or had already begun childbearing (2015–2016).
Source: NCRB ADSI Report 2015Source: NFHS4 Data
Total Rural Urban
16.4
13.6
17.1
14.4
12.9
8.1
Proportion of women (15–19 years age) pregnant or already begun
childbearing in Assam
NFHS3 NFHS4
Proportion of women (15–19 years age) who are pregnant or had begun childbearing in Assam (2015–2016)
Kok
rajh
ar
7 7.3 8 8 8 8
9
10 10 11 11 11
14
11 12 13 13 13 13
1616 16
17
19
21
22
26
27
Dhu
bri
Gol
agha
t
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Bon
gaig
aon
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Kam
rup
(M)
Kam
rup
(R)
Goa
lpar
a
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Chi
rang
Ass
am
Nal
bari
Dar
rang
Bak
sa
Uda
lgur
i
Source: NFHS4 (2015–2016)
Goalpara district has the highest percentage of teenage pregnant and mothers in Assam. There are 3 in 10 adolescent girls of 15–19 years age group were either pregnant or mothers in Goalpara in 2015–2016.
Pregnancy Among Adolescents
59
The proportion of pregnant adolescent girls (under 19 years of age) to total pregnant women is increasing, as the MCTS data suggests. Bongaigaon has the highest adolescent (under 19 years of age) pregnant population proportion of total pregnant women population registered in the MCTS. This can also indicate that the MCTS is functioning relatively better in the district as compared to the others.
Mother and Child Tracking System (MCTS)The Mother and Child Tracking System (MCTS), a web-based portal, was launched by the Government of India in December, 2009, to improve the health status of women and children. Online uploading of name-based data of pregnant women and children under MCTS Portal is done to track pregnant women for universalized obstetric care comprising of antenatal, delivery and postnatal care, and to track children towards achievement of full immunization goals in the country. The software also tracks pregnant women by age group. The data of pregnant adolescent girls under 19 years of age as shown below has been sourced from National Health Mission, Assam, for the purpose of the factsheet.
26% or atleast 2 in 10 pregnant women registered in the MCTS are under 19 years of age in Assam (2015–2016).
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
24.3
24.9
25.5
25.7
Proportion of women 15–19 years pregnant or already begun childbearing
in Assam
District-wise proportion of pregnant adolescent girls under 19 years of age of the district-wise total pregnant women registered in MCTS in Assam (2015–2016)
Kok
rajh
ar
26
19 20 21 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 24 25 25 25 26 26 26
29 29 30 30 31 32 32
34
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Kam
rup
(M)
Kam
rup
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Dim
a H
asao
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Chi
rang
Ass
am
Nal
bari
Dar
rang
Bak
sa
Uda
lgur
i
Source: Mother and Child Tracking System (NHM, Assam)
Bon
gaig
aon
Source: Mother and Child Tracking System (NHM, Assam)
Source: Mother and Child Tracking System (NHM, Assam)
Teen
age
Preg
nanc
y
60
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Maternal DeathMaternal Death Review (MDR) (part of the RCH-II National Programme implementation plan document) provides detailed information on various factors at the facility, district, community, regional and national levels that are needed to be addressed to reduce maternal deaths. It has the objective of identifying the delays that contribute to maternal deaths at various levels through their analysis, and using this information to adopt measures to fi ll the gaps in services. The Government of India has decided to take up Community-Based Maternal Death Review (CBMDR) and the Facility-Based Maternal Death Review (FBMDR); CBMDR involves using a verbal autopsy format for fi nding out the medical causes of death and ascertaining the personal, family or community factors that may have contributed to the deaths while FBMDR is intended to be taken up in all government-teaching hospitals, referral hospitals and other hospitals (District, Sub district, CHCs) where more than 500 deliveries are conducted in a year to investigate and identify causes, mainly clinical and systemic, which lead to maternal deaths in health facilities. Any maternal death which occurred in the hospital should be immediately investigated within 24 hours by the Medical Offi cer who had treated the mother and was on duty at the time of occurrence of death using the Facility-Based Maternal Death Review (FBMDR) format. The data entry and collation of CBMDR and FBMDR in Assam is in a developing phase; however, access to 2014–2015 data on MDR (both CBMDR and FBMDR) of 17 districts of Assam throws an interesting light on teenage maternal deaths.
672 maternal deaths registered in MDR in 17 districts of Assam* in 2014–2015.
9.2% of total maternal deaths entered in the MDR system are under 19 years of age.
i.e., 2 in 20 women dying due to pregnancy-related causes are under 19 years of age in Assam.
25.9% – Percentage of under 19 pregnant adolescents of total pregnant women registered in MCTS in 17* districts of Assam.
9.6% – Percentage of under 19 maternal deaths of total maternal deaths entered in MDR in 17* districts of Assam.
62 out of 672 maternal deaths registered in MDR are under 19 years of age in 17 districts of Assam* in 2014–2015.
According to MDR data (2014-15):
* Data of 17 districts (Baksa, Barpeta, Cachar, Dhemaji, Dhubri, Dibrugarh, Goalpara, Golaghat, Kokrajhar, Lakhimpur, Morigaon, Nagaon, Nalbari, Sonitpur, Tinsukia, Jorhat, Karimganj)
‘Maternal death is defi ned as the death of a woman who dies from any cause-related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental or incidental causes) during pregnancy or child birth or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of duration and site of the pregnancy’ – NHM.
Source: MDR, 2015–15
61
Birth RegistrationIndia is a signatory to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989, which recognizes birth registration as one of the fi rst rights of child and is committed to achieve universalization of birth registration. In India, registration of birth is compulsory under the Registration of Births and Deaths (RBD) Act, 1969. The Act mandates that every birth should be registered and a birth certifi cate provided free of charge to the informant. Under the RBD Act, the institutions where birth takes place are to register the birth and issue the birth certifi cate in case they have been declared as the registration units or to report the event to the local Registrar of Births and Deaths.
62
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
80.8% births of children under 5 years of age, registered in Assam as per RSOC (2013–2014) and 94.2% according to NFHS4 (2015–2016)
52.3% of births registered of children under fi ve years have birth certifi cates in Assam as per RSOC (2013–2014)
Birth registration Birth certification
State Profi le
Level of registration of births
60
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
68 71 75 77
79
100
82
86 88
98
8684848281
7675
6360
6958
51
The ‘Level of registration’ is defi ned as the percentage of registered births to the births estimated through SRS. It determines the performance level of a State/Union territory with regard to the functioning of Civil Registration System.
Source: CRS Report, 2013
India Assam
Source: CRS Report, 2013 Source: CRS Report, 2013
63
Source: Mother and Child Tracking System (NHM, Assam)
Trend of registration of births of children under five years in Assam
Total Rural Urban
43
94.293.8
40
67.4
97.4
According to the data of NFHS, Assam has registered a big improvement in birth registration in a period of 10 years. The striking thing is that progress is almost uniform over rural and urban areas. The progress in percentage points is almost double in rural areas.
NFHS3 (2005–2006) NFHS4 (2015–2016)
District Profi le
Source: NFHS4 (2015–2016)
Proportion of women (15–19 years) who are pregnant or had begun childbearing in Assam (2015–2016)
80Ti
nsuk
ia
85K
arbi
Ang
long
84D
ima
Has
ao
86D
ibru
garh
93La
khim
pur
Sib
saga
r
94
Cac
har
94
Kam
rup
(R)
94
Dar
rang
94
Mor
igao
n
95
Dhu
bri
94
Chi
rang
9595
Goa
lpar
a
95N
alba
ri
95N
agao
n
95U
dalg
uri
Kok
rajh
ar9696
Gol
agha
t
97B
aksa
97D
hem
aji
97B
arpe
ta
98H
aila
kand
i
98K
arim
ganj
98K
amru
p (M
)
98S
onitp
ur
99Jo
rhat
93
Bon
gaig
aon
All the districts are more or less in a close range when it comes to birth registration in Assam with the highest percentage in Jorhat (99%) and the least in Tinsukia with 80%.
Birt
h R
egis
trat
ion
64
Ass
am: C
hild
Pro
tect
ion
Fact
book
Karimganj district recorded the highest percentage (95.3%) of birth registration while Kokrajhar recorded the lowest (78.9%) among the 23 districts covered in the survey in 2012–2013. Cachar district showed the highest gap between birth registration and birth certifi cation of (50.5%), i.e., in Cachar, half of the children whose births are registered had not received their birth certifi cates in 2012–2013.
Source: AHS (2012–2013)
District-wise percentage points of gap between birth registration and birth certification in
Assam(2012–2013)
32.8
50.5
25
23.1
21.9
20.8
20.6
19
18
17.7
16.9
16.5
16.5
15.5
15.4
13.9
13.1
11.7
11.4
10.6
10.1
9.7
9.1
7.8
Kokrajhar
Dhubri
Goalpara
N.C. Hills
Barpeta
Morigaon
Nagaon
Sonitpur
Lakhimpur
Dhemaji
Tinsukia
Dibrugarh
Sibsagar
Jorhat
Kamrup (R)
Golaghat
Karbi Anglong
Cachar
Karimganj
Hailakandi
Bongaigaon
Nalbari
Darrang
Assam
District-wise percentage points of gap between birth registration and birth certification in rural areas of Assam (2012–2013)
Kok
rajh
ar
18.1
12
15.2
50.8
10.6
11.3
25.1
16.1
21.9
19.4 21
.6
18.6
11.9
23.2
16.6
17.7
8.2
9.1 13
.1
9.8 15
.1
25.4
17.1
35.5
Dhu
bri
Goa
lpar
a
Bar
peta
Mor
igao
n
Nag
aon
Son
itpur
Lakh
impu
r
Dhe
maj
i
Tins
ukia
Dib
ruga
rh
Sib
saga
r
Jorh
at
Kam
rup
(R)
Gol
agha
t
Kar
bi A
nglo
ng
Cac
har
Kar
imga
nj
Hai
laka
ndi
Ass
am
Nal
bari
Dar
rang
Source: AHS (2012–2013)
When it comes to looking exclusively at the rural areas in Assam, Nalbari district records the highest gap in percentage points between birth registration and birth certifi cation.
Bon
gaig
aon
N.C
. Hill
s
