ATV Safety Summit - ‘Keeping Families Safe on ATVs’U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

Bethesda, MDOctober 11-12, 2012

State Legislation: Enforcement’s Role in Regulation

Jim Helmkamp, PhD, MS

Baby seat!!

Outline What the data tells us -- numbers and rates: gender differences

Helmet use requirements -- gender -- age -- rate differences

Training and licensure requirements -- gender -- age -- rate differences

Conclusions

Trends from 1990-1999 to 2000-2007

Group 1990-1999* N (rate/100,000)

2000-2007**N (rate/100,000)

Change

Male 1,935 (0.16) 6,215 (0.55) 221% (344%)

Female 291 (0.02) 1,016 (0.09) 249% (450%)

Totals 2,226 (0.09) 7,231 (0.32) 225% (356%)

* Helmkamp, Am J Pub Health, 2001** Helmkamp et al, Pub Health Reports, 2012

− 38%

Gender

Gender - FemaleTable 1. ATV-related Death Rates by Helmet Use Requirement, U.S. 2000-2007

− 38%

Gender− 23%

Gender - MaleTable 1. ATV-related Death Rates by Helmet Use Requirement, U.S. 2000-2007

Gender ∆ (female-to-male):Helmet +650% (0.08 --- 0.52)No Helmet +582% (0.11 --- 0.64)

− 100%

Age - Female 1-14Table 1. ATV-related Death Rates by Helmet Use Requirement, U.S. 2000-2007

− 100% − 42%

Age - Male 1-14Table 1. ATV-related Death Rates by Helmet Use Requirement, U.S. 2000-2007

Age (1-14) ∆ (female-to-male):Helmet +282% (0.11 --- 0.31)No Helmet +200% (0.22 --- 0.44)

− 50%

Age - Male 65-84Table 1. ATV-related Death Rates by Helmet Use Requirement, U.S. 2000-2007

− 25%

Gender - Female

Table 2. ATV-related Death Rates by Training and Licensure Requirements, U.S. 2000-2007

− 25% − 13%

Gender - Male

Table 2. ATV-related Death Rates by Training and Licensure Requirements, U.S. 2000-2007

Gender ∆ (female-to-male):Training +663% (0.08 --- 0.53)No Training +600% (0.10 --- 0.60)

− 58%

Age - Female 1-14

Table 2. ATV-related Death Rates by Training and Licensure Requirements, U.S. 2000-2007

− 58% − 35%

Age - Male 1-14

Table 2. ATV-related Death Rates by Training and Licensure Requirements, U.S. 2000-2007

Age (1-14) ∆ (female-to-male):Training +258% (0.12 --- 0.31)No Training +221% (0.19 --- 0.42)

− 24%

Age - Male 65-84

Table 2. ATV-related Death Rates by Training and Licensure Requirements, U.S. 2000-2007

Conclusions: Number and rate of death has increased significantly in both genders over the past 20 years Males account for nearly 90% of deaths and have rates significantly higher than females Some age groups are at higher risk; 1-14 and ≥65 Helmet and training requirements have slightly mitigated rates in states that have them, but legislative policies have not impacted the growing number of deaths

Do enforcement of regulations and requirements play a role? Could a ‘graduated driver license’ approach be feasible in developing safety skills for young operators?

Jim Helmkamp NIOSH – Western States Office Denver Federal Center PO Box 25226 Denver, Colorado 80225 E-mail: jhelmkamp@cdc.gov Phone: 303-236-5943

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