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AAEC/E506

AUSTRALIAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSIONRESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT

LUCAS HEIGHTS

B O I L I N G C R I S I S DATA FOR V E R T I C A L UPFLOW OF FREON-12

IN R O U N D TUBES AND A N N U L A R CHANNELS

by

J.R. STEVENSD.N. MILES

December 1980

ISBN 0 642 59702 2

AUSTRALIAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSIONRESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT

LUCAS HEIGHTS

BOILING CRISIS DATA FOR VERTICAL UPFLOW OF FREON-12IN ROUND TUBES AND ANNULAR CHANNELS

J.R. STEVENSD.N. MILES

ABSTRACT

Results from boiling crisis ('burnout') tests, including associatedpressure drop data, are reported for vertical upflow of Freon-12 at a nominalinlet pressure of 1.0 MPa, in three round tube test sections (15 to 21 mminternal diameter, heated lengths 2.85 to 3.94 m) and four annular testsections of identical cross section dimensions (16 mm diameter inner tube and21 mm diameter shroud) with different heated lengths. The tests covered arange of values for coolant flowrate and inlet subcooling.

National Library of Australia card number and ISBN 0 642 59702 2

The following descriptors have been selected from the INISThesaurus to describe the subject content of this report forinformation retrieval purposes. For further details please refer toIAEA-INIS-12 (INIS: Manual for Indexing) and IAEA-INIS-13 (INIS:Thesaurus) published in Vienna by the International Atomic EnergyAgency.

BURNOUT; BOILING; HEAT TRANSFER; LIQUID FLOW; FREONS; REACTOR COOLINGSYSTEMS; COOLANTS; FLOW RATE; SIMULATION; WATER; PRESSURE DROP;SUBCOOLING; TUBES

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. TEST FACILITY

3. TEST SECTIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION

4. TEST PROCEDURE

1

1

2

3

5. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS5.1 Freon-12 Rig Data Evaluation5.2 Data Presentation

444

6. CONCLUSION

7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

8. REFERENCES

5

5

5

Table l(a)

Table l(b)

Table 2(a)Table 2(b)

Table 3(a)

Table 3(b)

Table 4(a)

Table 4(b)

Table 5(a)

Table 5(b)

Table 6(a)

Table 6(b)

Table 7(a)

Table 7(b)

Table 8(a)

Burnout Data

Test Section

Burnout Data

Test Section

Burnout Data

Test Section

Burnout Data

Test Section

Burnout DataHeated Inner

Test Section


Test Section


Test Section


for Freon-12 in Round Tube Test Section

Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input







for Freon-12 in Annular Test Section:Tube







(Continued)

7

9

1011

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

2122

CONTENTS (Continued)

Table 8(b) Test Section Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input 23

2526

Figure 1 Freon-12 test rig Actor

Figure 2 Actor rig flow circuitryFigure 3 Single tube test section 27

Figure 4 Annular test section 28

1. INTRODUCTION

A series of three round tube and four annular test sections has been usedon a Freon-12 heat transfer rig to obtain experimental flow boiling crisis('burnout') and associated pressure drop data. This program of experiments ispart of an investigation of the i e of the refrigerant Freon-12 as a modelfluid for high pressure water for burnout measurements under flow boilingconditions.

Tests were carried out on each section in turn at a constant nominalinlet pressure of 1.0 MPa (actual inlet pressures were in the range 0.98 to1.07 MPa), for a range of mass flowrates and inlet subcooling conditions.Results on the effect of pressure on burnout in round tube and annular testssections have been reported by IIic [1974a, 1974b].

2. TEST FACILITY

The ACTOR test rig (Figure 1) has been described in detail by IIic [1972].The flow circuitry of the rig (Figure ?) contains about 340 kg of Freon-12.The working fluid is circulated by a centrifugal pump, with a flow rate of 6.4

• 3 0 1

x 10 nr s and 43 m differential head, around a closed loop fabricatedmainly of approx. 30 m of 51 mm nominal bore mild steel pipe. The flow ismonitored by turbine meters after leaving the pump and before a 30 kW chillerunit and an 80 kW preheater unit which provide the required subcoolingcondition at test section inlet.

The maximum test section length is 5 m and the maximum electric power fortest section heating is 300 kW. Freon-12 vapour leaving the test section ispassed through two heat exchangers connected in series, where it is subcooledand condensed with water supplied from either a 0.5 MW or a 1 MW induceddraught cooling tower. Between the heat exchangers and the pump there is aconnection to a pressuriser which controls the loop static pressure by meansof a 3 kW electric immersion heater and a cooling coil in the partially filledvessel.

3. TEST SECTIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION

All test sections have been manufactured from stainless steel type 321with provisions for measuring pressure drop and attaching power cables(Figures 3 and 4). Relevant dimensions of the test sections are given in thefollowing table.

Test Section Geometry

IdentificationNumber

CE 27491CE 37338-1CE 37338-2A2E 47268-1A2E 47268-2A2E 47268-3A2E 47268-4

Heated Tube or ShroudLength Inside Diameter(mm) (mm)

286339402850876179127053620

16.0821.3415.3420.9520.9520.9520.95

Inner TubeOutside Diameter

(mm)

15.8815.8815.8815.88

The four annular test sections are of the same cross sectionaldimensions, with the inner surface heated but having different lengths(nominally 0.9, 1.8, 2.7 and 3.6 m). The inner tubes are made of stainlesssteel with a thick-wall copper tube of the same outer diameter brazed to eachend. The upper copper tail terminates in an insulated flange which providesone electrical power connection; the lower tail protrudes at the bottom endfor the other electrical power connection (see Figure 4). The inner tubes arelocated concentrically within the shroud by means of spacer elements whichconsist of three ceramic rods, 2.5 mm dia. x 13 mm long, equally spacedaround the inner tubes located as shown in Figure 4. The large pitch betweensets of spacers and the absence of spacer elements near the downstream end ofthe heated length (see Figure 4) are expected to ensure that the effect of thespacer elements on burnout conditions [IIic 1975] will be insignificant.

A chromel/alumel thermocouple sheathed in stainless steel is attached tothe wall of each heater tube at the downstream end, approximately 10 mmupstream from the power connection. In the case of annular test sections,attachment is made to the inner wall of the heater rod, the leads being takenoutside the tube via the hollow copper tail. Once wall over-heating (burnout)occurs, the signal from this thermocouple is transmitted to a temperatureindicator/controller, causing an immediate drop in the test section power. Aresistance type burnout detector is also fitted. The upper and lower halvesof the electrically heated walls of the test section form two arms of a

Wheatstone bridge; if the resistance of either half is changed owing to localover-heating, an imbalance is detected and the test section power isimmediately reduced.

A digital data logger unit records the data. Output is produced in twoways; a typewriter output allows data inspection after a test run, andpunched paper tape stores the data for later computer evaluation.

Test section pressure drop is measured with a diaphragm-type differentialpressure transducer which provides an electrical signal to the data logger.Power to the test section is determined from the product of the measuredvoltage and current. A calibrated precision electrical shunt is used forcurrent measurement and voltage is measured across the power attachments.

4. TEST PROCEDURE

The required flow and inlet subcooling conditions were established; atrial burnout run was then made by increasing test section power in stepsuntil an indication of burnout was observed. At this stage, power was lowereda little, say a few per cent, and, when the operator had judged thatconditions had settled, a data logger scan was made of all channels. This wasfollowed by small step increases in test section power while a continuous datalogger scan was taken of selected rig signals. When a burnout indication wasobserved, the data logger was stopped and the test section power reduced byonly that amount necessary to remove the burnout condition. A quick check wasmade of any obvious errors in the data just recorded. If an error wasdetected, or suspected, the run was repeated while rig conditions were stillsteady. When satisfied with the test data, the power was lowered by about 10per cent and the inlet subcooling and/or the flowrate changed to the nextpredetermined condition.

Zero power single phase pressure drop runs were carried out for eachflowrate. Generally these were done at the beginning of the day before thetest section power was applied. Two data logger scans were recorded for eachflowrate.

On those occasions when errors in the data logging necessitated a re-run,the correct values in the discarded run were compared with those of the repeatrun and found to be in excellent agreement (usually within ± 0.2 per cent).

Heat balance checks were carried out daily as a means of detecting drift andmalfunction in rig instrumentation. Errors of ± 3 per cent were judged to beexcessive.

5. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

5.1 Freon-12 Rig Data Evaluation

A computer program was used to process the raw pressure drop and heattransfer data recorded on paper tape via the data logger. Operating data wererecorded for the test conditions (a) at pre-burnout (usually a few per centbelow burnout power); (b) at burnout; and (c) with no power applied to thetest section to determine the single phase pressure drop. Other program inputrequirements were: run number identification; test section geometryspecifications; and dimensions.

From the recorded data the program calculated the test section coolantmass flux, inlet subcooling, pressure drop, exit quality, and surface heatflux. The required fluid physical property information for the relevant flowconditions was calculated from information based on a fairly recent collationof physical property data for Freon-12 [Watson 1975].

5.2 Data Presentation

Separate output tables are presented for the pre-burnout/burnout data andthe zero power pressure drop data for each test section (see Tables 1-8).Each pre-burnout/burnout table of data provides the following informationconcerning the test section:

(i) identification number (engineering drawing number of test section);

(ii) material of construction (stainless steel material specification);

(iii) mode of heating (d.c. electrical resistance heating was used inall of these tests);

(iv) burnout detecting device (resistance type and/or thermocouple);

(v) geometry (heated length, distance between pressure taps, relevantdiameter(s), wall thickness); and

(vi) electrical resistance of heated section.

6. CONCLUSION

Boiling crisis tests on a number of round-tube and annular channel testsections have provided an extensive set of burnout data for Freon-12 over arange of inlet temperatures and flowrates at a constant nominal inlet pressureof 1.0 MPa. These will be useful for investigations on the use of Freon-12 asa model fluid for water in measurements of burnout conditions.

7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Constructive comments of Dr K.R. Lawther, under whose direction this workwas carried out, are gratefully acknowledged.

8. REFERENCES

Ilic, V. [1972] - The AAEC Freon Rig ACTOR and Initial Boiling Crisis(Burnout) Results. AAEC/TM632.

Ilic, V. [1974a] - The Effect of Pressure on Burnout in a Round Tube Cooled byFreon-12. AAEC/E325.

Ilic, V. [1974b] - Effect of Pressure on Burnout in Annuli and a 10-rodCluster Cooled by Upflow of Freon-12. AAEC/E324.

Ilic, V. [1975] - An Examination of the Influence of Spacers on Burnout in anAnnul us Cooled by Upflow of Freon-12. AAEC/E349.

Watson, J.T.R. [1975] - Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerant 12. H.M.Stationery Office, Edinburgh.

7

TABLE l ( a )

BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ROUND TUBE TEST SECTION

O R I G I N O F T E S T S E C T I O NTEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER" A T E R I A 1 OFMODE OF HEATINGBURNOUT DETECTOR

HEATED LENGTHDISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPSINTERNAL DIAMETERWALL THICKNESSHEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C

A.A.E.C.CE 27491AS -G19-321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPETHERMOCOUPLE

2863.0 MILLIMETRES3200.0 MILLIMETRES16.08 MILLIMETRESL.14 MILLI METRES

0.033 OHM

* DENOTES A BURNOUT RUN

RUNNUMBER

0202760102027602*0202760302027604*0202760502027606*0202760702027608*

0302760103027602*03132760303027604*0302760503027606*0302760703id27608*

0402760104027602*0402760304027604*18402760504027606*0402760704027608*

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL.

1.0721.0671.0711.0711.0721.0721.0731.073

1.0721.0731.0721.0721.0731.0741.0741.073

1.0711.0721.0721.0721.0731.0731.0731.073

POWER

KILO-WATT

13.1813.6912.4513.4912.2612.7711.1311.59

16.1017.2515.9216.6914.8215.3213.4214.06

17.7119.0717.7318.4015.3716.8213.8815.18

PRESSURDROP

KILO-PASCAL

23.824.725.424.3.23.523.221.521.0

35.935.535.334.433.733.331.931.2

41.039.839.638.938.637.837.536.9

EXITQUALITY

0.5540.5940.5350.599.0.5800.6080.5980.625

0.2970.3340.3290.3540.3550.3720.3810.402

0.2330.2690.2800.2960.2800.3180.3090.344

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

0.6540.6470.6720.6690.6600.6610.6620.662

1.1841.1841.1911.1911.1881.1851.1941.194

1.5061.5021.4831.4881.4771.4771.4831.478

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

KILOGRAM

29.9829.7724.3324.3318.9218.927.867.85

33.7230,7525.4525,4717.7117.748.258.24

29.9629.9724.9024.8717.2617.238.358.34

HEATFLUX

KILOWATT

METRE2

91.194.686.193.384.788.376.980.1

111.3119.3110.0115.4102.4106.092.897.2

122.5131.8122.6127.2106.3116.396.0105.0

CONTINUED

TABLE l(a) (Continued)

RUNNUMBER

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

POWER

KILO-WATT

PRESSURDROP

KILO-PASCAL

EXITQUALITY

04027609.04027610*0402761104027612*0502760105027602*0502760305027604*

0502760505027606*0502760705027608*0502760905027610*0502761105027612*

0602760106027602*0602760306027604*0602760506027606*0602760706027608*

0602760906027610*0602761106027612*0602761306027614*0602761506027616*

,075,074,073,072,070,072,072

1.071

,074,074,082,079,072,064,072

1.057

,076,092.071,072.073.070.073

1.064

,075,088,073.073.075.073,073

1.060

20.5221.2918.9319.9517.1918.6816.5717.11

22.1023.8719.8421.1915.6718.5815.5617.91

23.7126.0918.8720.3216.9118.8316.9618.02

25.8927.8819.9120.6017.2319.0916.8617.81

51.4505150535254.953.9

56.455.157.456.561.655.166.555.1

59.159.363.662.965.164.375.568.2

62.863.066.165.269,68,79,

0.0970.1100.1220.1380.1650.1870.2390.248

0.0370.0590.0610.078

1230.1610.1700.200

0

68.5

0.0140.0370.0610 .0770 .0770.0990.1580.168

0 . 0 0 70 .0260.0600.0670 .0670.0860.1320.141

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

2.4172.4162.4022.4052.4042.4092.3802.382

3.0533.0573.0413.0403.0293.0353.0423.060

3.4653.4433.5413,5293.5173.5143.5233.551

3.8683.8303.7293.7393.8623.8583.8673.886

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

KILOGRAM

31.5531.5025.3825.3416.3816.456.015.97

33.2133.2126.7726.6612.2811.926.175.52

34.3535.0121.1121.1516.4916.366.646.28

34.6235.1321.3621.3316.2316.177.937.36

HEATFLUX

KILOWATT

METRE2

141.8147.2130.9137.9118.8129.1114.6118.3

152.8165.0137.2146.5108.4128.4107.6123.8

164.0180.4130.5140.5116.9130.2117.2124.6

179.0192.7137.7142.4119.1132.0116.6123.2

TABLE l(b)

TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP DATA FOR ZERO POWER INPUT

T E S T S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N N U M R E R C E 27491

RUNNUMBER

INLETPRESS.

M E G A P A S C A L

INLETTEMP.

DEG.C

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

PRESSUREDROP

KI1 OPASCA

S E C . M E T R E 2

1202760112027602120276031202760412027605120276061202760712027608120276091202761012027611120276121202761312027614

1.0711.0711.0711.0701.0701.0701.0691.0711.0711.0711.0711.0721.0701.071

22.122.323.223.223.223.122.922.923.523.523.923.924.024 .0

0.6710.6741.2061.2021.4541.4522.5072.5093.2263.1733.3823.3463.6763.661

39.339.340.340.841.341.446.046.050.050.151.451.854.354.2

10

TABLE 2 ( a )


O R I H I N OF T F S T S E C T I O NT E S T S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF C O N S T R U C T I DMMODE" OF nfl A T I ' iGBURNOUT DETECTOR


A.A.£.C.CE 37338-1S.S. AISI 321r-i «•» p i ^ - r » » c » « ^ 4 * i r i p -O . L, . rt t. S 1 O I M l\ U C.

RESISTANCE TYPETHERMOCOUPLE

3940.0 MILLIMETRES3950.0 MILLIMETRES21.34 MILLIMETRES2.03 MILLIMETRES0.021 OHM

* DFNOTFS A BURNOUT RUN

''UNNMMB'ER

INLETPRESSURE

HE".A-PASCAL

18'!5760118057602*18?5760318:-157604*18/15760518357606*18^5760718^57608*

27^2760127-27602*27/2760327 1" 27604*27^2760527P27606*2702760727H27608*

P:i:*37601flf'3760?*01M3760301H37604*C'lf-37605IJ1P37606*31^3760701''37608*

11111111

11111111

11111111

. -"MR

.041

.141

. vT 4 1

./HI

. ?41

.5141

.•141

. ?l 4 ?

.341

.J141

.H4J

.041

.041

.044

.046

.'.'13?

.33^

.03°

.039

.?14f

.04?

. <i 3 9

. 0 4 '1

POWFR

KILO-WATT

192tl181917171616

23242?2321221820

29302«2925272223

.13

.10

..57

.19

.15

.94

.28

.74

.66

.78

.90

.71

.52

.22

.70

.02

.10

.65

.34

.23

.92

.16

.87

.73

PRFSS'JRDROP

KILO-PASCAL

2<i2726252.3232M19

35343333313P2827

4443434341403736

.1

.4

.3

.8

.7

. 47

. VJ

.9

.4

.1

.6

.2

.4

.8

. 5

.9

.9

.7

.R

.0

.3

.5

.5

. o

EXITQUALITY

0 . 6 8 50.731PI. 69'/0 . 7 2 90 .70?0 . 7 3 90 . 7 4 3

0.4710.5040.4930.5150.5090.528a.5020.539

0 . 2 9 70 .3250.3190 . 3 3 50 .3370 .3580 . 3 7 70 .392

MASSVELOCITY

MEGA&RAM

SEC.METRE2

P. 454P.454i* . 4 6 6D.465fl.4670.4673.47C0.47P

8.7730.7710.7590.76P0.7640.7660.76?0.762

1.23(31.2281.2421.2421.2371.2371.2341.232

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

KI L O G R A M

33 .3431.3723.2423.2714.0714.102.832.82

26.7526.7722.6322.6414.9414.955.695.75

29.9029.9424.6924.6917.1517.155.145.18

HEATFLUX

KILOWATT

METRE2

72.476.169.572.664.967.961.663.4

89.693.886.789.881.584.170.875.8

110.2116.0107.3110.798.1102.886.689.8

11

TABLE 2 ( a ) (Continued)

RUNNUMBER

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

POWER

KILO-WATT

PRFSSURDROP

KILO-PASCAL

E X I TQ U A L I T Y

01037609fll«37610*0103761101037612*0103761301&37614*0103761501037616*

0PS3760102037602*0203760302'?37604*0203760502037606*02?3760702U37608*

1.0351 .0281.0411.0411.0411.0391 .0411.04?

1.035l.P!3?1 . 0 4 M1 .0351.041l.fMl1 .0391.040

3 5 . 4 935 .8531.3132 .7229.9130.932 5 . 8 828 .07

3 5 . 6 637.7933 .453 4 . 2 829.6532.3228 .7029 .65

5 5 . 855.15 3 . 852 .753.152 .451.14 9 . 9

6 2 . 961.762 .559 . 863.062 .36 3 . 863 .0

0.1750.1810 .2290 .2390 . 2 4 50.2570 . P 7 70 . 3 0 2

0 .0770.0960 . 1 4 4 "0.1510.1640.1880 . 2 3 80 . 2 4 6

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

1.8851.8841.88?1.88?1.8791.8801.88i?1.882

2.4832.4822.4882.4952.4702.4662.4602.459

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

KILOGRAM

32.5532.2820.1520.1415.3115.255.025.06

3?. 9732.8221.7221.5115.0715.084.734.75

HEATFLUX

KILOWATT

METRE2

134.3135.7120.4123.9113.2117.198.0

106.3

135.0143.1126.6129.8112.2122.4108.7112.2

TABLE 2 ( b )


TEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER CE 37338-1

RUN

NUMBER

0203760102037602020376030203760402037605020376060203760702037608

INLET

PRESS.

MEGAPASCAL

,041,041,040,041,041,041,042

1.041

INLET

TEMP.

DEG.C

22.822.822.522.422.522.422.122.0

MASS

VELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

0.7880.7871.2421.2431.8791,8822.4502.452

PRESSURE

DROP

KILOPASCAL

53.653.654.854.757.057.159.660.2

12

TABLE 3(a)


ORIGIN OF TEST SECTIONTEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCTIONMODE OF HEATINGBURNOUT DETECTOR


A.A.E.C.CE 37338-2S.S. AS-G19-321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPETHERMOCOUPLE

2850.0 MILLIMETRES2860.0 MILLIMETRES15.J4 MILLIMETRES1.63 MILLIMETRES0,022 OHM


RUNNUMBER

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

POWER

KILO-WATT

PRESSURE EXIT MASSDROP QUALITY ' VELOCITY

KILO-PASCAL

ME G A G R A M

SEC.METRE2

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

KILOGRAM

HEATFLUX"

KI L O W A T T -

METRE2-

1902760119027602*1902760319027604*1932760519027606*1902760719/127608*

0.9810.9850.9750.9750.9750.9750.9750.976

10.2011.4810.3910.8110.0110.33

9 . 4 29 . 8 2

2 3 . 822 .822 .52 2 . 421.321.219.819.6

0.6510 .7650.7120 . 7 4 50.7290 .7580 . 7 4 50 .779

0.5120 .5070.5110.5120.5170.5150.5150.514

24 .612 4 . 6 218.7318.7211.3311.33

3.373.41

7 4 . 28 3 . 675 .678 .772.97 5 . 268 .671.5

1902760919027610*193276111992761P*20327601.20027602*2022760320027604*

0.9750.0760.9760.9760.9730.974Pi. 9740.975

15.6416.7615.1316.0914.3014.3212.4013.60

41.74 2 . 041.341.040 .84 0 . 439 .639.7

0.2730 .3040.3010.3300.3330.3480.3370.371

1.4411.443,440.438.440.441.439

1,1.1,1,1,1.442

25.1125.1519.4719.4912.1612.224.524.57

113.8122.0110.2117.2104.1107.990.399.0

2002760520027606*20Z2760720027608*2032760920v)27610*20P2761120027612*

0.977P. 9770.9750.9760.9750.9750.9760.974

1819171816171415

.18

.22

.36

.55

.46

.17

.81

.56

5 2 . 652 .653.753.95 4 . 75 4 . 957 .957.3

0.1540.1732.1820.1950.2210.2350.2730.287

2 . 2 0 52 . 2 0 42 . 2 0 72 .2092.1932.1922 .2082.210

26.9026.9222 .432 2 . 4 614.1814.21

3.293.22

132.4139.9130.0135.1119.8125.0107.8113.3

13


NUMBER

2CH2761320/J27614*20^2761520P27616*20H2761720927618*20/>27619

23S27601

2302760323027604*23027605

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

0.9753.9770.983ft . 977fl.976tf . 976PI .961P.9720.9810.9800.9740.973•7.9743 . o 7 ?0.974

23?'27608» 0.973

P O W R R

K I L O -W A T T

23 .452 0 . 6 017.9713.4716.0817.9315.9717.1219.602 0 . 7 217.1718.2016.2617.8414.6016.85

PRESSUREDROP

KILO-PASCAL

59 .65 9 . 264 .563 .868 .06 7 . 879.176 .959. P59 .366 .?65 .969 .M68 .777 .97 8 . 4

EXITDUALITY

0.0800.0820.1330.1410.1580.1833.2260.2390.0680.0850.1450.1590.1680 . 1900.2090.242

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

3.0173.0143.0183.0163.0032.9993.0183.0273.0073.0002.9972.9972.9862.9833.0092.983

INLETSU8COOLING

KILOJOULE

KILOGRAM

28.8928.9417.6717.5411.4011.382.542.7228.9828.9215.0114.9710.6310.572.292.28

HEATFLUX

KILOWATT

METRE2

148. 9150.0130.8134.5117.1130.6116.3124.6142.7150.9125.0132.5118.4129.9106.3122.7

TABLE 3 (b )


T E S T S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N N U M B E R CE 37338-2

RUN INLET INLET MASS PRESSURENUMBER PRESS. TEMP. VELOCITY DROP

MEGAPASCAL DEG.C MEGAGRAM KILOPASCAL

SEC.METRE2

2302760123027602230276032302760423027605230276062302760723027608

0.9720.9720.9710.9720.9710.9720.9720.972

23.623.724.424.624.925.025.125.0

0.5240.5231.4251.4282.1842.1832.9972.993

38.638.641.041.144.244.449.049.0

14

TABLE 4(a)


ORIGIN OF TEST SECTIONTEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCTIONMODE OF HEATINGBURNOUT DETECTOR


A.A.E.C.CE 37338-2S.S. AS-G19-321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPETHERMOCOUPLE

2850.0 MILLIMETRES2860.0 MILLIMETRES15.34 MILLIMETRES1.63 MILLIMETRES0.022 OHM


4UNNUMBER

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

POWFR

KILO-WATT

PRESSURE EXIT MASSDROP QUALITY VELOCITY

KILO-PASCAL

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

K I L O G R A M

HEATFLUX

KILOWATT

METRE2

P2':>676010 2 / J 6 7 6 0 2C'2^6760302'.1676040226760502^67606P2M760702367608

»

a

*

*

1ii_

11111

.044

.043

.344

.044

. « 4 3

.044

. P 4 4

.145

1-51119

109

1099

.57

.35

.95

.82

.81

.08

.18

.24

232322232?231818

.4

. 2

.2

.2

.2

.2

.8

.7

0 . 7 0 70 . 7 7 00.6900 . 7 6 80 . 7 6 50 . 7 8 40 . 7 4 80.768

0 .471P I . 4 7 40 .4860 . 4 8 5P .4810 . 4 8 40 . 5 0 4n j . 4 8 5

32.3032.2823.5723.5713.6913.72

5.885 .90

76 .982 .772.578 .871.473 .46 6 4 ? '67.3

1772760117.-I27602*17!/i?760317*127604*17^2760517027606*17'5?760717x127608*

3 .0391.04?1.H411.0411.0421 .04?1.04?1.043

12.1312.6011.7411.9010.8711.279.8810.25

26.425.925.425.324.123.722.121.9

0.5870.6170.6040.6110.6020.6290.6180.644

0.6410.6420.6450.6490.6470.6460.6530.651

2P.3828.4922.2822.2915.1015.103.943.98

88.391.785.486.779.182.171.974.6

24H2760124.':!?7602*2432760324U27604*24H2760524^27606*24/12760724f''2760fl*

1.0441.045

1.M461.0461 .0461.046

14 .0415.1013.4514.2412.3212.9011.1011.64

33.833.333.132.731.030.529.729.4

0.3690.4120.3850.4180.4270.4520.4370. 459

,028.028

1.033,031.023,021,023

1.021

28.1828.1922 .5822.6111.8511.86

4.211.20

102.2110.0

97 .9103.7

89.793 .980.884.7

15


NUMBERINLET

PRESSURE

MEGA-

17?',2760117227602*17P2760317^27604*17;)?760517p'27606*17.-12760717^27608*

17C.2760917U27610*1892760118'<'27602»18&27603IR '027604*18^2760518T127606*

1.114?1.0431.3441 . M 4 31 . H 4 41.0451 . 0431 .043

1.0431.0451 . B 4 ?1 . 0 4 21 .0431.0411.0431.343

POWF.R PRESSURE EXITDROP QUALITY

KILO- KILO-I V A T T P A S C A L

0.28K0.3050.3030.3163.3270.3370.3430.370

0.1740.1910.2250.2420.2400.2550.2780.293

16.1416.9515.7416.1614.5314.8612.9413.84

17.0718.7616.2417.0515.6216.3514.3715.11

4 P . 74 0 . 44 0 . 24 0 . 239 .239. H37 .637 .5

4 3 . 74 8 . 84 9 . 74 9 . 24 9 . 44 9 . 450.549 .5

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

1.4001.3961.3991.3961.3971.3961.3941.396

1.9891.9881.9921.9931.9871.9871.9981.996

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

KILOGRAM

28.282P.3223.8323.8116.0516.077.867.86

28.702K.6017.3417.3213.8713.875.445.42

HEAT.FLUX

KILOWATT

METRE2

117.5123.4114.6117.7105.8108.294.2100.8

130.9136.6118.3124.1113.7119.0104.6110.0

TABLE 4(b)

TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP- DATA FOR ZERO POWER INPUT

TEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBER CE 37338-2

RUNNUMBER

INLETPRESS.

MEGAPASCAL

INLETTEMP.

DEG.C

MASSVELOCITY

MEGARRAM

PRESSUREDROP

KII.OPASCA

SEC.METRE2

18027601 1.045 28.1 0.636 39.2

18027602240276012402760218027601180276021802760318027604

1.0441.0461.0461.0441.0441.0441.045

28.023.524.028.228.227.927.9

0.6391.0401.0471.3751.3761.9781.980

39.139.739.941.341.043.543.6

16

TABLE 5 (a )

BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ANNULAR TEST SECTION: HEATED INNER TUBE

O R I G I N O F TEST S E C T I O NTEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF C O N S T R U C T I O NM n n r nr H E .A T ! N GBURNOUT DETECTOR

HEATED LENGTH 876.3DISTANCE BETWEEM PRESSURE TAPS 863.6SHROUD INNER DIAMETER 20.95OUTER DIAMETER OF INNER TUBE 15.88WALL THICKNESS OF INNER TUBE 1.98HEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C 0.008

A.A.E.G.A2E 47268-1S.S A I S I 321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPE

MILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESOHM

» DENOTES A BURNOUT RUN

RUNNUMBER

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

POWFR

KILO-WATT

PRFSSURDROP

KILO-PASCAL

EXITQUALITY

0402770104027702*04^2770304027704*0402770504^27706*0402770704R27708*

0732770107027702*0702770307027704*0702770507027706*0702770707C27708*

0732770907027710*07R2771107327712*070277130732.7714*0702771507027716*

1.0401.0411.0411.0421.04?1.0431.0421.043

1.041i.0361.0383 .0391.0391.0401.0391,040

1.0371.0391 .0401,0411.0401.042l.*)401.041

5 .295.654 . 7 05.124 .384 . 8 43 .944.31

7 .067 .806 .547 . 2 46 .356 . 8 45.515 . 9 2

8 . 4 48.837 .548.357.157 . 4 75 .97

11.311.211.010.910.910.910.811.0

16.717.117.017.719.620 .22 2 . 423 .3

20 .320 .623 .221.123 .82 4 . 42 9 . 2

6.38 29.9

0 . 2 7 40.3030 .2800 . 3 2 00 . 2 9 80 . 3 4 40.3170 .348

0 . 0 2 20.0510 . 0 4 60.0710.1110.129P.1680.183

0.0030. 0140.0100.0320.0830.0910.1320.143

MASSVELOCITYMEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

0.5770.5820.5690.5690.5840.5780.5380.591

1.4651.4651.4951.4931.5311.5251.4991.499

1.9741.9721.9821.9821.9901.9901.9861.987

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

KILOGRAM

27.8827.9020.9821.0313.5213.565.695.73

30.7330.5024.5924.6514.9014.954.484.54

29.4929.5925.4425.4714.8614.944.784.84

HEATFLUX

KILOWATT

METRE2

121.1129.3107.5117.2-100.2110.790.198.6

161.6178.6149.7165.7145.4156.5126.1135.5

193.0202.0172.5191.0163.7171.0136.6145.9

17


RUNNUMBER

2802770108027702*0802770308327704*080277052-8027706*0802770708327708*

INLETPRESSURF

MEGA-PASCAL

1.038l.«381.0401.0441 .0401.3401.0391.041

POWER

KILO-WATT

9.8210.659.009.778.358.536.827.21

PRESSURDROP

KILO-PASCAL

23.924.924.625.528.229.136.437.8

EXITUALITY

S.0280.010•0.0020.0140.0560.0670.1120.121

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

2.5052.5032.4972.4962.5122.5112.5122.509

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

KILOGRAM

31.3031.2925.7925.9615.7815.805.645.73

HEATFLUX

KILOWATT

METRE2

224.7243.7206.0223.5184.1195.2156.0165.1

TABLE 5 ( b )


TEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER A2E 47268-1

RUNNUMBER

INLETPRESS.

M E G A P A S C A L

INLETTEMP.

DEG.C

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

PRESSUREDROP

KILOPASCA

S E C . M E T R E 2

040277010402770204027703040277040402770504027706040277070402770804027709040277100402771104027712

1.0371.0371.0381.0381.0381.0391.0391.0391.0391.0401.0381.039

23.523.624.424.425.125.225.525.525.725.725.825.9

0.5840.5910.9660.9711.4841.4901.9811.9821.9811.9792.5032.500

12.312.413.313.214.914.716.917.017.117.019.819.8

18

TABLE 6(a)


O R I G I N OF TEST SECTIONTEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCTION!MODE OF HEATINGBURNOUT DETECTORHEATED LENGTH 1790.7DISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPS 1727.2SHROUD INNER DIAMETER 20.95OUTER DIAMETER OF INNER TUBE 15.88HALL THICKNESS OF INNER TUBE 4.80HEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C 0.010

A.A.E.G.A2E 47268-2S.S AISI 321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPEMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESOHM

* DENOTES. A BURNOUT RUN

RUNNUMBER

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

POWER

KILO-WATT

PRESSURE EXIT MASSDROP QUALITY VELOCITY

KILO-PASCAL

MEGAGRAM

INLETSUBCOOLING

HEATFLUX

SEC.METRE2

KILOJOULE KILOWATT

KILOGRAM METRE2

18551770118^17702*18W1770318^17704*1881770518017706*1301770718017708*

1.0521.0511.05?1.3531.0521.3531.0531 .054

5.956 . 7 45.886 . 2 45.375.884 . 7 75.33

21.221. a20 .723 .419.619.719.219.0

0 .3650 .4390.4113 . 4 4 30 . 4 2 90 . 4 8 20 . 4 4 60.501

0 .5430 .5450 . 5 4 20 .5450.5340.5330 .5400.538

29 .0729.102 2 . 4 32 2 . 4 514.6014.62

4.334 . 4 0

66 .775.565.969 .960.165.953.559 .7

20K1770120017702*

2001770320L117704*2001770520017706*20B1770720017708*

.052,053

1.0521 .354.353,053.053

9.6310.68

8.699.677.928.736.76

29.829.7

30.130.530.73PI.931.2

1.054 7.62 31.7

0.2760.330

0.2800.3300.3090.3510.3030.348

.012,013

,030.030.020.020.024

1.023

33.8730.92

22.9823.0514.7414.747.627.65

107.9119.6

97.3108.388.797.775.785.3

21^1770121C17702*2101770321B17704*24F1770124017702*24R1770324017704*

.050

.353

.053,054,051.052,051

1.052

10.8211.7810.6310.968.979.707.938.34

36.737.938.838.941.342.544.445.0

0.1790.2140.2190.2300 .2280.2550 .2530 .268

. 439

.439

.429

.434

.466

.465

.4731.471

29 .8530 .022 4 . 2 724.3214 .2414.27

6.136.16

121.2131.9119.0122.8100.5108.6

88.89 3 . 4

19

RUNNUMBER

2421770524^17706*2431770724317708*2421770924017710*2481771124^17712*

2581770125017702*2531770325017704*2601770126317702*2601770326R17704*

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

1.0521.0561.0531 .0551.0531.0551.0531.055

1.0541.0581.0541.0601.0511.0541.0521.055

POWER

KILO-WATT

12.3314.5312.0012.70IK. 6611.578.569.74

15.2216.7213.4115.2111 .4012.419.7110.40

PRESSURDROP

KILO-PASCAL

43.347.150.251.753.555.357.059.3

50.653.353.357.864.166.572.373.7


E X I TQ U A L I T Y

0.1160.1630.1770.1970.190

0.1960 .228

0 . 0 9 40.1270.1050.1440.1570.1790.1850.201

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

1.9531.9461.9531.9491.9551.9571.9621.957

2.3982.3962.4302.4212.4142.4152.3992.392

INLETSUBCOOLING

KILOJOULE

KILOGRAM

31.7031.8921.2421.3315.0215.086.977.07

33.3033.4826.3926.6714.6414.756.756.85

HEATFLUX

KILOWATT

METRES

143.7162.7134.4142.2119.4129.695.8109.0

170.4187.3150.1170.3127.7139.0108.8116.4

TABLE 6 ( b )

TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP DATA FOR ZERO POWER UNIT

TEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER A2E 47268-2

RUN INLET INLET MASS PRESSURENUMBER PRESS. TEMP. VELOCITY DROP

MEGAPASCAL DEG.C MEGAGRAM KILOPASCAL

SEC.METRE2

15037701150377021503770315037704150377051503770615037707150377081503770915037710

1.044i.0441.0461.0461.0441.0461.0461.0461.0441.045

26.326.426.626.626.726.727,027.127.127.1

0.5850.5810.9920.9871.4971.4991.9951.9942.5072.507

23,523.225.425,228.728.733.033.038.538.6

20

TABLE 7(a)

BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ANNULAR TEST SECTION: HEATED INNER TUBEOR i r, IN nr TFST SECTIONTEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMRERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCTIONNOO'F OF HF.ATI,\'GBURNOUT DETECTORHEATED LENGTH 27?5.0DISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPS 2705.0SHRnun INNER DIAMETER 20.95OUTER DIAMETER OF INNER TUBE 15.88WALL THICKNESS OF INNER TUBE 1.98HEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C 0.023

A.A.E.G.A2E 47268-3S.S AISI 321D, C . ''ESISRESISTANCE TYPEMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESOHM

* UFNOTFS A BURNOUT PUN

DUNNUMBER

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

POWFR

KILO-W A T T

PRESSURE EXIT MASS INLET HEATHROP QUALITY VELOCITY SUBCOOLING FLUX

PASCALMEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

KILOJOULE KILOWATT

KILOGRAM METRE2

?7P37701 •C7: '37702*l?7t'37703P7<?37704*f i7- i377051Z l7 r '37706*M7/i3770707J3770R*

1 . 0 4 41 . 'A 4 51 .0451 .3461 . tt 4 ri1 .0461.0461.047

6 .657 .336. i?36 .495 . 936.1*95 . 0 35. -11

343433343-5333333

.5

.5

.9

. 2

. 7

.3

.3

.8

0.3840.4133.3790.4190.421P.4390.429P. 461

3 . 5 8 70 .5870 .588^.5893 . 5 8 50 . 5 8 2M . 5 9 50.597

29.412 9 . 4 22 2 . 8 322.8716.5516.57

4.114.14

4 9 . 352.14 4 . 748.144 .045.137 .340.1

07^37709(!?7>?3771i?l*07^37711G7«37712»08'.i37701H8f 37702*08^3770338C37704*

1 .0471.0431 . M 4 71.^481.3461 .0471 . 1.1 4 61.047

99

B87fl6ft

.23

.65,59.91.73.715.48.74

484949495051525?

.6

. 1

.?.

.6

.R

.1

.5

.9

fl.272B . 2 9 50 . P 9 5 515.3070.3110 .3280 . 3 2 80 . 3 4 2

1.0061.3061.0021. 3001.0000.9990.9950 .996

20 .5629 .602 3 . 2 723.3114.8514.89

4 . 4 24 . 4 4

68 .471.66 3 . 766.15 7 . 359 .74 8 . 050 .0

C 5 9 V I 3 7 7 0 5«8 ' '37706*08-537707

fil8-' '37709P3/3771PI*08)3771103/J37712*

1.046l.i?.5/l1 . I! 4 81.0491 . M431.349

12.0612.9913.2711.23

9 . 3 79 . 7 07 . 7 38. "13

65 .56 7 . 26 4 . 566 .871.67 2 . 87 8 . 37 9 . £

0.2110.2440.1910.225P.2370.2490.2600.269

,489,..483.507.504.504.505.501

1.50U

30.813P.9024.4924.6614.8714.895.045.09

39.496.376.183.269.471.957.759.5

21


RUNNUMBER

INLETPRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

08"03";Ppf.

3771337714*37701

09237702*09/109009 «Pi 9^

09'-'p. 9 ''••(719 ,O 9 i-'!

3770337704*3770537706*

3770737703* .3772937710*

l?9i:>37721ffl 9 '.;.

091:'0 9 /:

37712*3771337714*

11111111

1. .111111i

.051

.053

.047

.049

.947

.049

.047

.34°

..147

.052

.351

.355,B4fl.051. 34R.049

POWFR

KILO-WATT

13141213101189

15161315121?99

. 7.51.75.30.93.41.31.09

.40

.68

.64

.20

.R0

.46

.58

.33

PRESSURDROP

KILO-PASCAL

78.80.83.85.93.94.106.107.

92.97.

' 95.101.121.122.139.140.

683117

19='

24576.

341

E X I T M A S SQ U A L I T Y V E L O C I T Y

INLETS U B C O O L I N G

HEATFLUX

0 . 1500.1760.1670.1830.199G.2120.2250.232

0.1060.1342 .1550.1500.1790.1000 . 2 0 20 .207

MEGAGRAM KILOJOULE KILOWATT

SEC.METRE2 KILOGRAM METRE2

98798R005996984

1.9781.9961.996

2.5192.5082.5082.4832.5132.5092.50P2.502

30.5430.6225.2125.3115.7715.875.455.51

31.8432.0526.2426.4714.1314.525.795.83

100107949881.084.565.367.4

114.2123.6101,112,88,92,71.072.9

.1,7.9.4

TABLE 7(b)


TEST SECTION I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER A2E 47268-3

RUNNUMBER

09037701090377020903770309037704090377050903770609037707090377030903770909037710

IMLETPRESS.

MEGAPASCAL

050050049049048049049049049

1.049

INLETTEMP.

OEG.C

23.?23.323.223.222.923.423.123.122.723.2

MASSVELOCITY

ME G A G R A M

SEC.HETRE2

0.5990.5941,0091.2061.4921.4971.4961.4962.5202.519

PRESSUREDROP

KILOPASCAL

38.638.241.441.047.547.247.547.767.367.0

22TABLE 8(a)


O R I G I . ' J O F T E S T S E C T I O NTEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCT I ONMODE: OF HEATINGBURMOUT DETECTORHEATED LENGTHDISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPSSHROUD INNE" DIAMFTFROUTER DIAMETER OF INNER TUBEWALL THICKNFSS OF INNER TUBEHEATEO SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C

A.A.E.G.A2E 47268-4S.S A I S I 321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPE

3619.5 MILLIMETRES3619.5 MILLIMETRES20.95 M I L L I M E T R E S15.88 MILLIMETRES1.98 MILLIMETRES0.031 OHM

* DFMOTES A BURNOUT RUN

NxUN INLET

PRESSURE

MEGA-PASCAL

1616161617171717

171.71717313117

'727701-.'2770P*'-••27703•',27704*•'27701-:27702*••i27703:"27704*

.27705227706*^27707P2770S*/37701337702*027701

17^27702*

11111111

1]111111

24^7701 124242424

242424

:'?7702*•:'27703''27704*'."27705;?770^*^27707i'27708*

1111111

B52..'53.35?.7151. 0 5 ?i.251..2)5?.052

.-359

.35 4

.053

.055

.054

.354

.353

.354

.049

. 5 rt

.949

. V 5 ?!

. P49

.ystf

.050

.051

POWER

KILO-W A T T

7766665S

0

1?89,q

a77

12131112in108a

. 7,6

.47

.=56

. P5

.18

.38

.63

.83

.60

.12

.36

.68

.43

.82

.12

.45

.68

.21

.82

.09

.21

.61

.1.0

.42

oRESSURDROP

KILO-"ASCAL

4646464645454545

656565666737697i;i

888991929697103104

.6

.4

.4

. 3

.4

.4

.1

.8

.2

.(3

.1

.2

. d_ 9.9• L

.3

.7

.9

. 7-

.3

.2

. 6

.2

EXITQ U A L I T Y

Z. 4450.4830.4550.4820.4560.4840 . 49P•3. 509

•1.3110 . 3 3 70 . 3040 . 3 4 8( 4 . 3 3 20 . 3 5 2f .3600 .377

0 . 2 4 80 . 2 6 63.2610.2710 . 2 7 70 .2910 .2850 . 2 9 5

MASSVELOCITY

DECAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

3.57313.5733.5850.5850.5779.5779.5803,580

3.9830.986d.9853.9861.0051.0070.9880.990

1.4791.4811.4901.4911.4831.4811.4841.486

INLETSUBCOOLING

K1LOJOULE

K I L O G R A M

2P.0929.122!?. 3022.041^.2115.245.195.19

29.2529.3221.9024.9817.2117.225.675.72

30.0733.1524.0824.1015.1815.214.624.66

HEATFLUX

KI L O W A T T

METRE2

39.141.436.338.033.735.331.232.3

53.256.149.153.646.748.839.441.3

70.273.265.567.056.658.844.946.5

23

TABLE 8(a) (Continued)

24'2770924P27710*24'/2771124^2771?*25F2770125-27702*

25^27701*

TNI.ETPRESSURE

PASCAL

1. .049

1.04°1.0513 . 0 4 S1 . '/14 93 . CM *\ . 319

POWFRDROP

25-2770S l.'/M°?5t-27706* 1.05425'127707 3..'-149?5J,.2770R* l.fr'5?25/27739 1.845

25^27711 3.r)5125??771?» 3.05?

K I L O -W A T T

15.0515.7214 .^414.4711.7112.71

9 . 3 49 .39

17.2618.3615.7616 .4212 .^23 3 . 4 3

9.8110 .33

i\ I LOP A S C

112. n315.6119.312?. 2128.4130.61 4 -1 . 43 4 ? . 7

3 3 4 . 414/1.4143.7151 .51 6 4 . 33 6 6 . 71.85.3186.4

EXITQUALITY

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

000021flfl3

00e0eagr»it'

.203

.223

.225

.236

.233

. 25P

.249

.758

.160

.185

.188

.703

.2^6

.719

.229

.735

1.1 .1.1.1.1.1 .1.

2.2.2.2.2 .2.2.2.

988980974973991986987988

4974865115045ltf50&485487

INLET HEATSUSCOOLING FLUX

isILOJOULE KILOWATT

KILOGRAM

2933242415154

4

31322424141544

.96

.06

.24

.33

.16

.23

.56

.59

.96

.18

.53

.64

.93

.04

.85

.88

METRE2

8387778064685052

95101879171745456

.4

.1

.8

.1

.9

.2

.1

.0

.6

.7

.3

.0

.0

.4

.3

.1

TABLE 8(b)


TEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBER A2E 47268-4

RUNNUMBER

25027701250277022502770325027704250277052502770625027707250277082502770925027710

INLETPRESS.

MEGAPASCAL

,048.049,048,048,048,048,048,048,049

INLETTEMP.

DEG.C

19.219.321.021.022.122.122.222.222.1

MASSVELOCITY

MEGAGRAM

SEC.METRE2

0.6030.6041.0031.0051.5091.5092.0242.0242.528

PRESSUREDROP

KILOPASCAL

51.651.656.156.164.464.476.076.290.6

1.048 22.1 2.529 90.8

25

SIGHT GLASS

EXPANSION JOINT

TEST SECTION

LEVEL SWITCH

PRESSURISER

80 kW PREHEATER-

INLET PRESSUREMEASUREMENTPOINT

INLET TEMPERATUREMEASUREMENTPOINT

30 kW CHILLERCONNECTIONS

FLOW CONTROL VALVE

MULTI-ORIFICE PLATES

TURBINE FLOWMETERS

DUMP TANK

ALTERNATIVECONNECTION FOR30kW CHILLER

WATER INLET

STRAINER

BYPASS VALVE

PUMP

HEAT EXCHANGER

WATER OUTLET

FIGURE 1. FREON-12 TEST RIG ACTOR

26

_.^^ Jf rf-I!^*__ 4

. A •"•!' »*:'« Vs _j

U

U

O_iu_

O

OH-u

csL14

O

27

PRESSURE TAPPING

WALL TEMPERATUREBURNOUT' THERMOCOUPLE

ON FIRST TEST SECTION(CE2749I) THE UPSTREAMPOWER CONNECTION IS 34cmDOWNSTREAM OF PRESSURETAPPING

PRESSURE TAPPING

EXIT FLANGE

+ ve POWER CONNECTION

RESISTANCE BURNOUTDETECTOR & VOLTAGEMEASUREMENT POINTS

-ve POWER CONNECTION

INLET FLANGE

tFLOW

FIGURE 3. SINGLE TUBE TEST SECTION

28

END VIEW OF FLOWCHANNELS IN FLANGE

FLOW XINSULATED ELECTRICALPOWER INPUT FLANGE

PRESSURE TAPPING

\

THREE EQUALLY SPACEDCENTRALISING SPACERS

CONSTANT SPACERPITCH 0-6m

PRESSURE TAPPING

HOLLOW COPPER TAIL

TEFLON PLUG WITH'0' RING SEALS

BURNOUT DETECTORLEADS

SHROUD

ATTACHMENT OFSPACER ELEMENTTO HEATER ROD

+ ve ELECTRICALPOWER CONNECTION

COPPER TAIL

2-5mm 0 CERAMIC CYLINDER.13 mm LONG HELD IN POSITIONBY SPOT WELDED NICHROMEWIRE THROUGH CENTRE

HEATER ROD 16mm 0

SHROUD 2lmm 0

CROSS SECTIONOF CHANNEL

FLOW

-ve ELECTRICALPOWER CONNECTION

FIGURE 4. ANNULAR TEST SECTION

Printed by the AAEC Research Establishment

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