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PCFV: The Auto

Industrys PerspectiveEllen Shapiro

Alliance of Automobile ManufacturersApril 11, 2005

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Overview

Global auto industry issues and activitiesAuto Alliance role in Partnership for

Clean Fuels and Vehicles (PCFV)First Success: Valve Seat Recession

Substantive and process issuesComments on future

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Alliance Members

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Global Alliance ActivitiesUNECE Working Party 29: est. 1952 to

harmonize vehicle standardsHistorically: Europe and safety issues

Now adding test protocols & environmentalissues

Worldwide Fuel Charter: since 1998

PCFV: since 2002

Individual company activities

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Global NeedsDeveloping countries: upgrade + expand vehicle

fleets, reduce air pollutionAuto industry: harmonize vehicle designs toreduce costs, survive highly competitive markets

Fuel quality is key: vehicle + fuel = system

Many countries have extremely poor fuel quality

Very high sulfur (>>1000 ppm)Ongoing use of lead and other metallic additives

Fuel infrastructure often lacks integrity or security

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Worldwide Fuel CharterLinks fuel quality to vehicleemissions & technologyneeds

Living document: created1998, updated 2000 & 2002

Alliance, ACEA, JAMA, EMA

+ 11 other automakerassociations worldwide

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Alliance Role in PCFVWhat is a US trade association doing in a placelike this?

Role differs from UNEP, EPA, IPIECA and others

No dedicated staff, in-house programs or on-the-ground projects

Individual companies may and do, however

Limited mission, resources and global reach

But,Experience with regulations and technical expertise

Links to automakers globally

Worldwide Fuel Charter

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PCFV Mission StatementRole: Developing programsor helping

countriesto develop programs?

Objectives: Clean fuels concurrent with

clean vehicles?Technology requires fuel before marketing

Non-technology options (e.g., I&M)Top auto goals: No lead, lower sulfur,cleaner (& harmonized) fleets

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First PCFV Product: Guidance onValve Seat Recession (VSR)

Acknowledging concerns about VSRSearching for technical truth

Learning from country experiences

Literature reviewPartner expertise

Testing the PCFV decision process

Reaching consensusNegotiating and approving the text

Document released May 04, updated Dec 04

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VSR Technical Findings

Common wisdom: high speed, heavy loadFindings:

Heavy engine load not a factor, notwithstanding

repetition by numerous authors

Caused by valves rotating/vibrating in response

to engine harmonics produced at high speedsMuch of the research had major weaknesses

No evidence of VSR in real world

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Partner (Alliance) EducationVarying rates of evolution in engine design bycountry and by manufacturer

Info on lead bans sometimes conflictingLaw vs. real world

Metallic additives are confounding lead bansEvidence of MMTs effectiveness as anti-valvewear additive is weak (Disclaimer: Auto view)

Some countries successfully converted tounleaded gasoline virtually overnightFactors: changing fuel market, infrastructure costs,consumer response

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Lessons LearnedIt pays to re-read old research

Group documents are extremely time-consumingRequire strong leadership

Require strong editing & negotiation skills

WWFC input was critical and helpfulEvolution in engine designs

Lead ban history and implementation

Countries are hungry for facts and guidance asthey develop new fuel policies

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Other PCFV Work Groups

Auto Alliance is also involved with:Reducing Fuel Sulfur

Great importance to automakers

Big impact on vehicle emissions and durabilityOctane-related issues

Advisory Group (governance)

Future: TBDResource constraints

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Process IssuesGovernance

Partnership balanceMaking decisions

Developing and reviewing documentsMeeting frequency

Clearinghouse role

Partner activitiesLogistics: meeting locations,communications

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Comments on FuturePCFV likely to focus more on vehicles

How to improve vehicle maintenance is an issue

Not a simple taskeconomic/cultural factors

Better fuel quality helps here, tooOther possible issues

Maintaining integrity of fuel infrastructurePublic perceptions about fuels e.g, belief thatleaded fuel is better than unleaded

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Closing comments

Expertise, experience, information andcommunications links to automakers canmake a difference

PCFV provides rare opportunity for Allianceto help developing countries achieve

cleaner vehicle fleets with cleaner fuels

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For More Info

www.autoalliance.org