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Grammar and exercises

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Auxiliary verbs are conjugated depending onthe subject of a sentence, here we definesome examples of auxiliary use:

Tom haslived in Boston for twenty yearsMaria did not come to the party last nightI wascooking dinner when you telephonedWhat areyou doing tomorrow afternoon?

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Tenses are formed by conjugating theauxiliary verb plus a standard form of theprincipal verb (the principal verb can be setup as gerund, base form or past participle

form).

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Divisions of Auxiliary verbs: Past Auxiliary verb

Present Auxiliary

Future Auxiliary

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Past ContinuousAuxiliary was / were gerund verbUsed when an event is happening at a precise

moment in the past basically expresses aninterrupted action in progress (was/were)

I wasworking on the project when you called me.What wereyou doing when she arrived?We werewatching the football game when youarrived

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Past PerfectUsed for an action that finishes before anotheraction in the past or as detailed explained, weprovide reasons for a decision made in the past

The hadinvestedtheir money wisely before theybought the house

She hadn t finished speaking when he rudelyinterrupted her.

Had you checked all your answers before returningthe test?

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Past Perfect ContinuousInternal Structure in using Past PerfectContinuous

Subject + had + been + verb + ing

Events that has been happening before something elsetook place, ex:

I had been working for three hours in the computer when you

arrived.

Daniela had been thinking about an idea for a while in orderto increase revenues.

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Past Perfect ContinuousUsed on something that had been happening inpreparation for something else:

I had been practicing the guitar for two weeks andwas ready for the concert.

I had been playing football every weekend and nowI sprained my ankle

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The use of willas a modal consist in: Make a future prediction

Expose a decision made on spontaneous reactions toevents

Make a possible promise or create future possibilities.

It will rain tomorrow

I think he will not attend the meeting on Monday

I will eat lunch with the Chief Executive Officer of the

Company

Will + present verb

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Future ContinuousSpeaks about an activity that will behappening at a precise moment in the future.

I will be playing football this Saturday at 4pmWhen I arrive to Salinas, I will be taking a napin the beach.

What willyou be doing next week?

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Q: What time ___ he usually get up?dodoesishas

Q: They ____ getting ready when she arrived.

did

haveweredo

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Q: They ____ getting ready when she arrived.didhaveweredo

Q: I _____ use to make so many mistakes.

didn't

don'thadn'twouldn't

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Q: They ____ been waiting for more thanthree hours.

werehas

havedid

Q: What time _____ the plane leave?is

dodoeshave

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Q: She ____ have finished the work by the timeyou get back.

doesis

hadwill

Q: We ______ sitting on the beach this time nextweek.

are

will bewill haveare going to

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Q: _____ you had lunch yet?DidHasHave

Will Q: I ______ met him for lunch had I known he

was coming.would

hadwould havewill

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Q: Unless you hurry up, we ____ miss the bus.won'twillis going toare

Q: They ______ enjoy wasting time.

doesn't

aren'tdon'thaven't

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Q: If I ____ you, I'd think twice about that!amarewill be

were

Q: I'm a little bit crazy, _____ I?am not

aren'tisn'twill

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Q: She ______ thinking very clearly when she hadthe accident.

don'tdidn't

weren'twasn't

Q: You wouldn't be interested in a game of chess,______ you?

are

wouldwouldn'tweren't

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Q: Why ____ we go out for dinner tonight?shalldon'tdoare