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YEAR REFERENCES ANNOTATION THEME1967
Reber, A. S. (1967). Implicit ler!i!" #$rti$icil "rmmr%.Journal of Verbal
Learning and Verbal Behavior6, &17'&7.
Reber i% i*el+ re$ere!ce* % bei!" te $ir%t t# -%e te term implicit learning, pr#ce%%*e$i!e* % #!e *-ri!" ic prticip!t% c-ire /!#le*"e it#-t i!te!ti#! !* it#-t
bec#mi!" re #$ te c-ire* /!#le*"e.Implicit learningc#!tr%te* it explicitlearning, pr#ce%% #$ c-iri!" c#!%ci#-% /!#le*"e. I! i% %emi!l %t-*+, te -t#re0p#%e* prticip!t% t# letter %e-e!ce% ("e!erte* b+ ! rti$icil $i!ite'%tte "rmmr)tr#-" mem#riti#! pr#ce*-re. Implicit ler!i!" % #perti#!lie* % prticip!t%2bilit+ t# 3erblie -!*erl+i!" r-le% !* me%-re* !#!'c#!c-rre!tl+4#$$li!e. He rep#rte*
prticip!t%2 bilit+ t# implicitl+ ler! "rmmticl letter %e-e!ce% better t! r!*#mie*%e-e!ce%.
5, E
191 Sr##* Smit, M. (191).C#!%ci#-%!e%%'ri%i!" !* te %ec#!*l!"-"e ler!er.Applied Linguistics,19'16.
One early reference to consciousness in SLA was Smiths argument that implicit
knowledge had to be made explicit in order to the L2 learner to improve linguistic skills
which he described as !consciousness raising"# $he author refined this notion to what he
called !input enhancement# in his %&&% article S'AR(OO)S*+$' *" ,%&&%-" S./A0+1
$O*A13*+1)S4 O1$'/R/L/5A16/O7)+77/R/1$$3./SO7LA18A/+17OR*A$+O1
7OR$'/L2 L/AR1/R"SECONDLANGUAGERESEARCH 5OL" 9 1O" 2" %%:;% 6O*?S 6" ,2@@:-" $/$8AL/1'A16/*/1$O7+1.8$4 +SS8/S
A1).OSS+?+L+$+/S"APPLIEDLINGUISTICS2& B&9CD%:"
L/O( R" ." ,2@@&-" +1.8$/1'A16/*/1$A1)L2 RA**A$+6AL)/5/LO.*/1$4 ('A$
$'/R/S/AR6'R/5/ALS" +1E" (A$=+1/R;$'AR.> S" L" 0A$= ,/)S"-
CONCEPTIONSOFL2 GRAMMAR: THEORETICALAPPROACHESANDTHEIRAPPLICATIONIN
THEL2 CLASSROOM
" ?OS$O1 *A4 '/+1L/.8?L+S'/RS" %D;
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#r %tr#!" i!ter$ce:
E8EYSER, R. (==7). S8I
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S%!)#$LA#(+A(%A!/+ISI"I)#03, &&&&.
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c#!tr#3er%ie% tt ec c#!%tr-ct % %pr/e*. A
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I@MI, S., (==). O@T;@T, IN;@TENHANCEMENT, ANTHENOTICIN?HY;OTHESIS: ANE>;ERIMENTA
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. (=1&) bel#.
199 T#mli!, R. S. . ill. (199). Atte!ti#!i! c#"!iti3e %cie!ce !* %ec#!* l!"-"ec-i%iti#!. Studies in Second Language
Acquisition06, 1&'=&.
$omlin and 5illapr#p#%e* m#*el #$ i!p-t pr#ce%%i!" i! S
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-!*er%t!*i!" #$ %#rt'term !* l#!"'term mem#r+ t#"eter it te !#ti#! #$ te -!limite*cpcit+ i!ter$ere!ce m#*el $r#m c#"!iti3e p%+c#l#"+.
199 R#bi!%#!, ;. (199b). Aptit-*e, re!e%%!* te $-!*me!tl %imilrit+ #$ implicit!* e0plicit %ec#!* l!"-"e ler!i!". I! R.Scmi*t (e*.),Attention and a
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ROSA, E., O2NEI O>FOR: O>FOR@NIERSITY;RESS. 197'7.
MARTNE'FERNUNE, A. (==). REISITIN?THEINO
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ABARENESSINRE
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E?I, T. (=1=). @;TA8E, MOIFIEO@T;@T, AN
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A!/+ISI"I)#. MAHBAH, N: ER
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CHAN, R.8. . H.
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(e*%.), "heories in second languageacquisition. M, N:
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F-rter #r/ c! be $#-!* i!:
HAMRIC8, ;. RE5@SCHAT, ;. (=1). HOBIM;
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!* e0plicit /!#le*"e i! %ec#!* l!"-"ere%erc.Language Learning 61, 9'66.
te c#!%ci#-% #r -!c#!%ci#-% %tt-% #$ li!"-i%tic /!#le*"e: retr#%pecti3e 3erbl rep#rt%,*irect !* i!*irect te%t%, !* %-bGecti3e me%-re% (c#!$i*e!ce le3el% !* %#-rce ttrib-ti#!%).Hi% "#l % t# pre%e!t te me%-re% t# te S
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re!e%% i!
