Ayah 20- ىٰ َرْبكُْلا َةَي-ْا ُها ... · Surah An Naziat (Ayah 20-26) Earlier...

ن الرحيم بسم اهلل الرحمIhsaan through the Quran- 1st June 2015- 15 Sha’ban 1436

Surah An Naziat (Ayah 20-26)

Earlier we began the story of Musa عليه السالم, when he spoke with Firawn with a gentle approach.

! The word رأي means to see with the eyes (ابصر بعينه). The word اآلية means a sign, a miracle, a lesson (العالمة املعجزة العبرة). The word الكبرى means something great and special (العظمى املتميز).

! The signs are of a great kind and it is not restricting to only one sign (جنس اآلية الكبرى، فال ينافي تعددها).

! Tafsir Saadi did not specifically mention the signs, but Ibn kathir mentions them. Musa عليه السالم showed and made apparent with these signs that his dawah is the truth. (أظهر له موسى مع هذه He showed him a convincing, strong argument and a clear evidence to show that his dawah is .(الدعوة الحقthe truth ( حجة قوية ودليال واضحا على صدق ما جاء به).

The sign is the stick and hand of Musa عليه السالم.

! With the strong ayah, Firawn needed to believe but he belied and disobeyed. The word كذب means to speak about something contrary to what it is in reality (أخبر عن الشيء بخالف ما هو عليه .(مع العلم بحقيقتهThe word عصى means to exit from obedience (خرج من الطاعة).

! He denied (فكذب) the truth (بالحق) and he disobeyed(وعصى) the command (األمر). He needed to accept belief which is ال إله إال اهلل in the heart and obey the commands which is is do do tazkiya and to have khashya. He did not do the inner and outer actions. Even though the truth affected him, his arrogance stopped him from reacting and accepting the truth.

! He belied in his heart (كفر قلبه). That is why he did not show his reaction to Musa عليه السالم whether hidden or apparent. (فلم ينفعل ملوسى بباطنه وال بظاهره) . Even though he knows in his heart- the knowledge is the knowledge of the heart (ألن املعرفة علم القلب). This is arrogance- the problem is in his heart. Faith is the action of the heart. (واإليمان عمل القلب). It is to submit and surrender to the truth. (وهو االنقياد للحق والخضوع له).

Ayah 20- فأراه اآلية الكبرىThen [Musa (Moses)] showed him the great sign (miracles).

As-Saadi (السعدي)

Ibn Kathir (ابن كثير)

Ayah 21- فكذب وعصىBut [Fir'aun (Pharaoh)] belied and disobeyed;



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! The word ادبر means to turn away and flee (ولى وهرب). The word يسعى means to flee, walk away, striving to do something else (يمشى وقام يقضي امره وعمل). In Surah Al-Abasa, Allah سبحانه وتعالى told the Prophet صلى اهلل عليه وسلم to give more attention to the blind man- to the one who is striving and has khashya. ((٩) وأما من جاءك يسعى(٨) وهو يخشى). The ayat should make Firawn to obey but he turned away and strove against it.

! He is striving to fight and defeat the truth (يجتهد في مبارزة الحق واملحاربته).

! Firawn is striving to change the truth to falsehood (مقابلة الحق بالباطل) by gathering the magicians (جمع .The next ayah explains how he strove to fight and defeat the truth .(السحرة

! The word حشر means to gather (جمع). The word نادى means to call out. This word was also mentioned in ayah 16.

! He collected his army and gathered them (حشر جنوده وجمعهم). From other ayat we know that his army drowned with him.

! He gathered and called his people (في قومه).

! Firawn felt insecure when his kingdom was being threatened because of the great signs of Musa عليه السالم. In reality the louder a person becomes, it shows his weakness. We don't need to announce the state of our heart to others- ‘I am patient, I am great, etc’. The more one talks about oneself it shows his insecurity. The strong person does not talk about himself- his strength is apparent- he doesn’t need to say.

For example, an insecure mother will say to her children that she is the one taking care of them- though she doesn’t need to say this.

Ayah 22- ثم أدبر يسعىThen he turned his back, striving hard (against Allah).



Ayah 23- فحشر فنادىThen he gathered his people and cried aloud,



Ayah 24- فقال أنا ربكم األعلىSaying: "I am your lord, most high",

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Firawn transgressed by not believing and continued his transgression by declaring he was the Rabb- the one providing the people. He was making the people dependent on him and make them feel he was the one taking care of them and providing them- as if they would be nothing without him. He attributed the actions of providing and taking care to himself- this is what deceived the people into believing him.

!Firawn really deceived the people, when he said this- the people surrendered to him and accepted his falsehood. (فأذعنوا له وأقروا بباطله حني استخفهم)

In the end, all the followers of Firawn are in hellfire because they didn't think for themselves even though they saw the great signs. This shows the danger of blindly following a leader, it was as if they were hypnotised.

! Firawn had declared earlier- (ما علمت لكم من إله غيري. I know not that you have an ilah (a god) other than me Surah Al Qasas 28:38). He attributed Uloohiyah to himself. After forty years he made another declaration- to attribute Ruboobiyah to himself. (قالها فرعون بعد الكلمة االولى بأربعني سنة). After he saw the great sign, the declared Ruboobiyah to himself, instead of submitting and surrendering the the great sign. This is very dangerous.

When the Dajjal will come, the people will be deceived by him because of his actions- he will provide, give life, etc- but it is actually by the permission of Allah سبحانه وتعالى. This is very scary and dangerous. It is easy to be deceived and fall into his trap when one sees his actions. That is why the Prophet صلى اهلل عليه advised to stay indoors at home if one hears that the dajjal has come. This also shows that the dajjal وسلمcan roam around everywhere- except Mecca and Medina. Allah سبحانه وتعالى assigned angels around Mecca and Medina to guard it. There will be a great shake in Medina and all the hypocrites will run away because Allah سنحانه وتعالى wants to purify the city. Most of the followers of dajjal are women- they go to dajjal to feed their hungry children. May Allah سبحانه وتعالى protect us and our families from falling into fitnah. Ameen.

The impact of this ayah is that we need to take the truth when it comes to us and not justify yourself for the people for them to believe you.

! This ayah is about the actions of Allah سبحانه وتعالى- how He dealt with Firawn. The word أخذ means seized. The word نكال means punishment

! His punishment is evidence and a lesson that clearly shows the punishment in the duniya and in the akhirah. (صارت عقوبته دليال وزاجرا، ومبينة لعقوبة الدنيا واآلخرة).



Ayah 25- فأخذه اهلل نكال اآلخرة واألولىSo Allah, seized him with punishment for his last [i.e. his saying: "I am your lord, most high")]

and first [(i.e. his saying, "O chiefs! I know not that you have a god other than I"] transgression.


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! Allah سبحانه وتعالى seized him in punishment and made him a lesson for the rebellious (انتقم اهلل منه وجعله عبرة .(المثاله من املتمردينAllah سبحانه وتعالى seized him in punishment because of these two words- attributing divinity and lordship to himself.

! The word عبره means looking at the situation, then take it as a lesson. The one without fear of Allah with knowledge (khashya) will not benefit from the lesson.

! The one who fears Allah سبحانه وتعالى with knowledge (has khashya) is the one who will benefit from the signs and lessons (فإن من يخشى اهلل هو الذي ينتفع باآليات والعبر). The one who does not fear Allah سبحانه وتعالى, will not benefit.

By seeing the punishment of Firawn, the one who is arrogant, disobedient and challenged the great King- will know what the punishments of such actions are in this world and in the next. ( فإذا رأى عقوبة فرعون، عرف .(أن كل من تكبر وعصى، وبارز امللك األعلى، عاقبه في الدنيا واآلخرة

The punishment of the duniya for firawn is drowning. Also his body is still preserved- it is so humiliating that everybody is watching him. Anybody who is a tyrant in the life, they have a humiliated end. People didn't believe Firawn could die, but Allah سبحانه وتعالى showed them the humiliating end of Firawn.

Only one with khashya will take lessons and the way to develop khashya is to learn more about Allah .سبحانه وتعالى

! This is about those who will take a lesson. ( ملن يتعظ وينزجر.)

In Surah Al Qasas, Allah سحانه وتعالى tells us:

ة يدعون إلى النار ويوم القيامة ال ينصرون وجعلناهم أئمAnd We made them leaders inviting to the Fire, and on the Day of Resurrection, they will not be helped.(Surah Al Qasas 28:41)

Allah سبحانه وتعالى made Firawn and his people a leader calling people to hellfire- they will not get victory on the day of judgement. They will be fleeing from each other.


Ayah 26- ن يخشى إن في ذلك لعبرة ملVerily, in this is an instructive admonition for whosoever fears Allah.



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!

! This is about the great signs that Allah سـبحانـه وتـعالـى gave Musa عـليه السـالم. His stick turned into a snake. and Allah ســــبحانــــه وتــــعالــــى told him, ‘don’t be afraid, just hold onto this running snake it will turn back to stick.’ It is a training for Musa عــــــــــــــــــلــيــه الــســــــــــــــــــالم to face and overcome his fears. He will face firawn and he needed to overcome that weakness. In many places in the story of Musa عـــليه الســـالم, Allah ســـبحانـــه وتـــعالـــى told him ‘Don’t be afraid’.

! This is about the day of judgement.

!This is about the great ayat that they Prophet صلى اله عليه وسلم saw on Al Israa wal Mai’raj.

!

! This is about Adam عليه السالم. He did not belie, but he disobeyed. Firawn belied and disobeyed.

! This is about Firawn. There is a huge difference between the disobedience of Adam عليه السالم and Firawn.

!

!The hellfire will call anybody who turns away from the truth. This includes Firawn and the dwellers of Hellfire.

The word كبرى in the Qur’an

لنريك من آياتنا الكبرى"That We may show you (some) of Our Greater Signs. Surah Taha 20:23

يوم نبطش البطشة الكبرى إنا منتقمونOn the Day when We shall seize you with the greatest grasp. Verily, We will exact retribution. Surah Ad Dukhan 44:16

لقد رأى من آيات ربه الكبرىIndeed he (Muhammad SAW) did see, of the Greatest Signs, of his Lord (Allah). Surah An Najm 53:18

The word عصى in the Qur’an

فأكال منها فبدت لهما سوآتهما وطفقا يخصفان عليهما من ورق الجنة وعصى آدم ربه فغوىThen they both ate of the tree, and so their private parts appeared to them, and they began to stick on themselves the

leaves from Paradise for their covering. Thus did Adam disobey his Lord, so he went astray. Surah Taha 20:121

فعصى فرعون الرسول فأخذناه أخذا وبيالBut Fir'aun (Pharaoh) disobeyed the Messenger [Musa (Moses)], so We seized him with a severe punishment. Surah Al

Muzzamil 73:16

The word أدبر in the Qur’an

تدعو من أدبر وتولىCalling: "[O Kafir (O disbeliever in Allah, His angels, His Book, His Messengers, Day of Resurrection and in Al-Qadar

(Divine Preordainments), O Mushrik (O polytheist, disbeliever in the Oneness of Allah)] (all) such as turn their backs and turn away their faces (from Faith) 70:17

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! This is about Waleed ibn Mugheerah- a disbeliever and father of Khalid ibn Waleed عــــــــــــــــــنــه اهلل He .رضــــــــــــــــــي accused the Prophet صلى اهلل عليه وسلم of being a magician.

!Allah سبحانه وتعالى swears by the night when it departs.

!

!Musa عـــــــــليه الســـــــــالم killed an innocent person unintentionally. Later a man came running to Musa عـــــــــليه الســـــــــالم telling him to run away. He was innocent and he asked Allah وتــــــــــــــــــعـــالــــــــــــــــــى ســــــــــــــــــبـــحـــانــــــــــــــــــه to help him from the wrongdoers.

!Three messengers were sent to a town, yet the people did not believe. So a man came running from far advising them to believe.

!This is about the believer on the day of judgement- their light will be running in front of them.

ثم أدبر واستكبرThen he turned back and was proud; Surah Al Muddhathir 74:23

والليل إذ أدبر And by the night when it withdraws, Surah Al Muddhathir 74:33

The word يسعى in the Qur’an

وجاء رجل من أقصى املدينة يسعى قال يا موسى إن املأل يأتمرون بك ليقتلوك فاخرج إني لك من الناصحنيAnd there came a man running, from the farthest end of the city. He said: "O Musa (Moses)! Verily, the chiefs are taking

counsel together about you, to kill you, so escape.Truly, I am to you of those who give sincere advice.” Surah Al Qasas 28:20

وجاء من أقصى املدينة رجل يسعى قال يا قوم اتبعوا املرسلنيAnd there came running from the farthest part of the town, a man, saying: "O my people! Obey the Messengers;

Surah Yaseen 36:20

يوم ترى املؤمنني واملؤمنات يسعى نورهم بني أيديهم وبأيمانهم بشراكم اليوم جنات تجري من تحتها األنهار خالدين فيها ذلك هو الفوز العظيم

On the Day you shall see the believing men and the believing women their light running forward before them and by their right hands. Glad tidings for you this Day! Gardens under which rivers flow (Paradise), to dwell therein forever! Truly, this

is the great success! Surah Al Hadid 57:12

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! This is about the believer on the day of judgement- their light will be running in front of them.

The يسعى in Surah An Naziat is a dispraised one- the rest are good ones.

!

! This is about Zakariya عليه السالم when he called out to Allah سبحانه وتعالى.

! This is about Nuh عليه السالم when he called out to Allah سبحانه وتعالى.

! This is about Ayyub عليه السالم when he called out to Allah سبحانه وتعالى.

! This is about Yunus عليه السالم when he called out to Allah سبحانه وتعالى.

! This is about Zakariya عليه السالم when he called out to Allah سبحانه وتعالى.

يا أيها الذين آمنوا توبوا إلى اهلل توبة نصوحا عسى ربكم أن يكفر عنكم سيئاتكم ويدخلكم جنات تجري من تحتها األنهار يوم ال يخزي اهلل النبي والذين آمنوا معه نورهم يسعى بني أيديهم وبأيمانهم يقولون ربنا أتمم لنا نورنا

واغفر لنا إنك على كل شيء قديرO you who believe! Turn to Allah with sincere repentance! It may be that your Lord will remit from you your sins, and

admit you into Gardens under which rivers flow (Paradise) the Day that Allah will not disgrace the Prophet (Muhammad SAW) and those who believe with him, their Light will run forward before them and with (their Records Books of deeds)

in their right hands they will say: "Our Lord! Keep perfect our Light for us [and do not put it off till we cross over the Sirat (a slippery bridge over the Hell) safely] and grant us forgiveness. Verily, You are Able to do all things.” Surah At Tahrim

66:8

The word نادى in the Qur’an

إذ نادى ربه نداء خفياWhen he called out his Lord (Allah) a call in secret, Surah Maryam 19:3

يناه وأهله من الكرب العظيم ونوحا إذ نادى من قبل فاستجبنا له فنجAnd (remember) Nuh (Noah), when he cried (to Us) aforetime. We listened to his invocation and saved him and his family

from great distress. Surah Al Anbiya 21:76

ر وأنت أرحم الراحمني ني الض وأيوب إذ نادى ربه أني مسAnd (remember) Ayyub (Job), when he cried to his Lord: "Verily, distress has seized me, and You are the Most Merciful of

all those who show mercy.” Surah Al Anbiya 21:83

وذا النون إذ ذهب مغاضبا فظن أن لن نقدر عليه فنادى في الظلمات أن ال إله إال أنت سبحانك إني كنت من الظاملنيAnd (remember) Dhan-Nun (Jonah), when he went off in anger, and imagined that We shall not punish him (i.e. the

calamites which had befallen him)! But he cried through the darkness (saying): La ilaha illa Anta [none has the right to be worshipped but You (O Allah)], Glorified (and Exalted) are You [above all that (evil) they associate with You]. Truly, I

have been of the wrong-doers.” Surah Al Anbiya 21:87

وزكريا إذ نادى ربه رب ال تذرني فردا وأنت خير الوارثنيAnd (remember) Zakariya (Zachariah), when he cried to his Lord: "O My Lord! Leave me not single (childless), though

You are the Best of the inheritors.” Surah Al Anbiya 21:89

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! This is about Ayyub عليه السالم when he called out to Allah سبحانه وتعالى.

! This is about Yunus عليه السالم when he called out to Allah سبحانه وتعالى.

Notice that all the other ayat are about the messengers calling out to Allah ســـبحانـــه وتـــعالـــى. The ayah is Surah An Naziat is about Firawn calling out to his people.

!

! This is about the punishment of the people of Sabt.

! This is the punishment of the duniya for those who steal.

!

! Those with insight will take a lesson.

يطان بنصب وعذاب ني الش واذكر عبدنا أيوب إذ نادى ربه أني مسAnd remember Our slave Ayub (Job), when he invoked his Lord (saying): "Verily! Shaitan (Satan) has touched me with

distress (by losing my health) and torment (by losing my wealth)! Surah Sad 38:41

فاصبر لحكم ربك وال تكن كصاحب الحوت إذ نادى وهو مكظومSo wait with patience for the Decision of your Lord, and be not like the Companion of the Fish, when he cried out (to Us)

while he was in deep sorrow. (See the Quran, Verse 21:87). Al Qalam 68:48

The word نكال in the Qur’an

ا بني يديها وما خلفها وموعظة للمتقني فجعلناها نكاال ملSo We made this punishment an example to their own and to succeeding generations and a lesson to those who are Al-

Muttaqun. Surah Al Baqarah 2:66

ارقة فاقطعوا أيديهما جزاء بما كسبا نكاال من اهلل واهلل عزيز حكيم ارق والس والسCut off (from the wrist joint) the (right) hand of the thief, male or female, as a recompense for that which they committed,

a punishment by way of example from Allah. And Allah is All-Powerful, All-Wise. Surah Al Maeda 5:38

The word عبرة in the Qur’an

قد كان لكم آية في فئتني التقتا فئة تقاتل في سبيل اهلل وأخرى كافرة يرونهم مثليهم رأي العني واهلل يؤيد بنصره منولي األبصار يشاء إن في ذلك لعبرة أل

There has already been a sign for you (O Jews) in the two armies that met (in combat i.e. the battle of Badr): One was fighting in the Cause of Allah and as for the other (they) were disbelievers. They (the believers) saw them (the

disbelievers) with their own eyes twice their number (although they were thrice their number). And Allah supports with His Victory whom He pleases. Verily, in this is a lesson for those who understand. Surah Ale Imran 3:13

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! There is a lesson in the cattle.

! There is a lesson in the cattle.

!Those with insight and khashya will take lessons from the signs and stories.

اربني ا في بطونه من بني فرث ودم لبنا خالصا سائغا للش وإن لكم في األنعام لعبرة نسقيكم ممAnd verily! In the cattle, there is a lesson for you. We give you to drink of that which is in their bellies, from between

excretions and blood, pure milk; palatable to the drinkers. Surah An Nahl 16:66

ا في بطونها ولكم فيها منافع كثيرة ومنها تأكلون وإن لكم في األنعام لعبرة نسقيكم ممAnd Verily! In the cattle there is indeed a lesson for you. We give you to drink (milk) of that which is in their bellies. And

there are, in them, numerous (other) benefits for you, and of them you eat. Surah Al Mu’minoon 23:21

ولي األبصار يقلب اهلل الليل والنهار إن في ذلك لعبرة ألAllah causes the night and the day to succeed each other (i.e. if the day is gone, the night comes, and if the night is gone,

the day comes, and so on). Truly, in these things is indeed a lesson for those who have insight. Surah An Nur 24:44

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