Back MatterSource: Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 43, No. 3 (Oct., 1974)Published by: British Ecological SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3571 .

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Journal of the Marine Biological Association

of the United Kingdom Volume 54, Number 2. May 1974

J. HAYWARD Studies on the growth of Stichococcus bacillaris Naeg in culture B. S. C. LEADBEATER Preliminary observations on the chemistry and biology of the

lorica in a collared flagellate (Stephanoeca diplocostata Ellis) N. INGRAM HENDEY A revised check-list of British marine diatoms R. G. J. SHELTON Observations on the occurrence of an epizooic, blue-green alga on

the chemoreceptor setae of the brown shrimp, Crangon crangon (L.) PAUL KINGSTON Some observations on the effects of temperature and salinity upon

the growth of Cardium edule and Cardium glaucum larvae in the laboratory E. D. S. CORNER, R. N. HEAD, C. C. KILVINGTON and S. M. MARSHALL, F. R. S. On

the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. IX. Studies relating to the nutrition of over-wintering Calanus

DEMIR NECLA and A. J. SOUTHWARD. The abundance and distribution of eggs and larvae of teleost fishes off Plymouth in I969 and 1970. Part 3. Eggs of pilchard (Sardina pilchardus Walbaum) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus (L.))

G. A. BOXSHALL Infections with parasitic copepods in North Sea marine fishes J. D. STEVENS The occurrence and significance of tooth cuts on the blue shark

(Prionace glauca L.) from British waters C. J. HEWETT Growth and moulting in the common lobster (Homarus vulgaris

Milne-Edwards) DOUGLAS P. WILSON Sabellaria colonies at Duckpool, North Cornwall, 1971-1972,

with a note for May 1973

WILLIAM A. NEWMAN Two new deep-sea Cirripedia (Ascothoracica and Acrotho- racica) from the Atlantic

T. M. LEATHERLAND and J. D. BYRTON The occurrence of some trace metals in coast- al organisms with particular reference to the Solent region

R. D. PINGREE, G. R. FORSTER and G. K. MORRISON Turbulent convergent tidal fronts

N. A. HOLME The biology of Loligo forbesi Steenstrup (Mollusca: Cephalooda) in the Plymouth area

ABSTRACTS OF MEMOIRS

LIST OF BOOKS RECEIVED

/8.50 net (US $26.50 in U.S.A. and Canada) I974 subscription /28.oo net (US $90.00 in U.S.A. and Canada)

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS BENTLEY HOUSE, 200 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON, NWI 2DB

AMERICAN BRANCH: 32 EAST 57TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10022

i

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For further details of books on ecology and a list of stockists, write to; Chapman & Hall, 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE

Grassland Ecology And Wildlife Management E. DUFFEY, Head of the Lowland Grassland Research Section, Monks Wood Experimental Station, M. G. MORRIS, J. SHEAIL, L. K. WARD, D. A. WELLS and T. C. E. WELLS, all Members of the Lowland Grassland Research Section, Monks Wood Experimental Station (Institute of Terrestrial Ecology).

July 1 974, 304 pages, tone and line illustrations, 041 21 2290 1,hardback, ?5.40

This comprehensive book describes the distribution -and ecology of lowland grasslands in Britain with special reference to their history, flora and fauna, and management for wildlife conservation.

Ecological Stability Edited by M. B. USHER, Lecturer in Biology, University of York, and M. H. WI LLIAMSON, Professor and Head of the Department of Biology, University of York.

June 1 974, 208 pages, illustrated, 0 41 2 1 2610 9, hardback, ?3.60

Ecological Stability is concerned with the causes of variation in sizes of animal and plant populations, and the speed and characteristics of their return to the equilibrium condition after a disturbance. The chapters are based on twelve papers given at a 'workshop' meeting at York University in 1 973.

a 12 The Ath,lone Press UNIVERSITY OF LONDON

Island Survivors The Ecology of the Soay Sheep of St Kilda

edited by P. A. J.EWELL, C. MILNER andJ. MORTON BOYD

Foreword by SIR FRANK FRASER DARLING

This new book reports on an intensive ten-year ecological study of the feral sheep of St. Kilda, a relic population of the European primitive domestic sheep surviving from prehistory.

Contents synopsis: St. Kilda and its Sheep; Vegetation and Soils of Hirta; Colour Confor- mation, Affinities, Fleece and Patterns of Inheritance of the Sheep; Blood Groups; Social Organization and the behaviour of Ewes and Lambs; Movement, Daily Activity and Home Range of the Sheep; Rut and Behaviour of Rams; Breeding Cycle, Onset of Oestrus and Conception; Population Dynamics; Soay Sheep and their Food Supply; Radiography of the Skeletal and Dental Condition; Incidence of Disease and Parasites; the Sheep and their Environ- ment-a Synthesis. 485 11141 1 76 line figs., 48 pls., map ?8.00

ii

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Chemical Analysis of Ecological Materials Edited by Stewart Allen. 1974. 576 pages, 60 illustrations. ?12.50

This manual describes and discusses techniques that are suitable for the chemical analysis of soils, plant materials, animal tissue and fresh waters. Some of the simpler analytical procedures are given, but most modern instrumental techniques are also dealt with in detail. Procedures are also described for certain pollutants of current interest, including heavy metals and pesticides.

The Ecology of Resource Degradation and Renewal Fifteenth Symposium of the British Ecological Society, edited by M. J. Chadwick and G. T. Goodman. Spring 1975. 400 pages, 100 illustrations. About ?9.00

This book presents the reader with a realistic perspective and insight into how problems may be tackled or avoided through sound environmental management. The general principles governing the cycling of materials in the three phases of the environment-air, water and land, and their associated living organisms, are considered to guide planning for resource renewal.

The Structure of Marine Ecosystems John H. Steele. 1974. 128 pages, 45 illustrations. ?2.75

The book examines both the general structure of marine ecosystems and also the detailed responses of the main groups of organisms. On the basis of this information, a simulation model is used to elucidate the overall behaviour of such systems and to speculate on the effects which different types of perturbation may produce.

Insect Population Ecology: an Analytical Approach G. C. Varley, G. R. Gradwell and M. P. Hassell. 1974. 232 pages, 73 illus- trations. Paper, ?2.75

'It is an essential addition to all advanced libraries and should be read by population specialists dealing with all kinds of organisms. There is every prospect of the book be- coming and remaining a standard work.' The Times Higher Education Supplement.

Microbial Ecology Edited by Allen Laskin. 1974. 200 pages. CRC Press, ?8.00

The essays that comprise this anthology of the best in ecology from Critical Reviews in Microbiology are as follows: Interactions of halogenated pesticides and microorganisms: a review; Activity, ecology, and population dynamics of microorganisms in soil; Bio- chemical transformation of pesticides by soil fungi; and Growth of bacteria in mixed cultures.

Blackwell Scientific Publications Oxford London Edinburgh Melbourne

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Freshwater Biology

Edited by P. S. Maitland

Contents of Volume 4 No. 5, October 1974

J. F. CRAIG: Population dynamics of perch, Percafluviatilis L. Slapton Ley, Devon. I. Trapping behaviour, reproduction, migration, population estimates, mortality and food

J. F. CRAIG: Population dynamics of perch Percafluviatilis L. in Slapton Ley, Devon. II. Age, growth, length-weight relationships and conditions

D. G. GEORGE and R. W. EDWARDS: Population dynamics and production of Daphnia hyalina in a eutrophic reservoir

C. D. BAKER, P. D. BARTLETT, I. S. FARR, and G. I. WILLIAMS: Improved methods for the measurement of dissolved and particulate organic carbon in fresh water and their application to chalk streams

LESLEY M. McGOWAN: Ecology studies on Chaoborus (Diptera, Chaoboridae) in Lake George, Uganda

Freshwater Biology is published bi-monthly at ?20.00 (U.S. and Canada $70.00) per annum post free. Subscriptions and requests for specimen copies should be addressed to Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd., P.O. Box 88, Oxford, England

Blackwell Scientific Publications Oxford London Edinburgh Melbourne

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VOLUME 43 . NUMBER 3 . OCTOBER 1974

THE JOURNAL OF

ANIMAL ECOLOGY

EDITED FOR THE

BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY

BY

H. N. SOUTHERN &

L. R. TAYLOR

EDITORIAL BOARD

D. T. CRISP, J. M. ELLIOTT, P. R. EVANS

R. S. GLOVER, J. C. GOWER, E. W. KNIGHT-JONES

J. H. LAWTON, J. B. WHITTAKER

NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS The price of Journal of Animal Ecology has remained unchanged since 1971, in spite of repeated increases in production and distri- bution costs. Unfortunately, these have now reached a point at which an increase in the subscription price can no longer be deferred, and for 1975 this will be ?20 per annum, post free (U.S.A. and Canada $70.00, including the cost of air freight to North America). The Journal will publish around 900 pages in 1975.

BLACKWELL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

OXFORD LONDON EDINBURGH MELBOURNE

ISSN 0021479

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NOTICE TO CONTRIBUTORS

Detailed instructions for authors, typists and illustrators are available on request, from Blackwell Scientific Publications, Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 OEL, or from the editors.

The Journal publishes original research papers on any aspect of animal ecology but prefers an experimental or theoretical approach, though purely descriptive papers and reviews may, on occasion, be accepted.

The standard is maintained by referees and it is in the interest of aspiring authors to remember that referees are busy people. Concise, logical and unequivocal presentation, as well as scientific excellence are essential to a favourable report. Brevity is also a virtue. In particular, Ph.D. theses need to be completely re-written before presentation. Otherwise delay in publication is inevitable.

Format should be examined in the Journal. Titles should be brief and to the point. Running page headings should be suggested. Tables should be clearly headed and, if possible, self-explanatory. Each Table must be on a separate sheet. Figures must be well drawn in Indian ink and labelled in pencil. Legends to figures should be self-explanatory and must be collected on a separate sheet because Figures go to the block maker, their legends to the printer. Indicate positions of Tables and Figures in the margin of the text. References are in the Harvard system (see in the Journal). Measurements should be metric; if not, metric equivalents must be given. Latin names of genera and species should be given in full, with authority at first mention. Latin names of genera and species only should be underlined.

Dates should be written in full; 29 February 1984. All papers should have a self-contained summary giving actual results in simple, factual, numbered statements. All MSS must be double spaced with wide margins. Two copies of text and figures should be provided.

Send MSS and correspondence concerning vertebrates to Dr H. N. Southern, Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS; that concerning invertebrates to Dr L. R. Taylor, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ.

This journal is covered by Current Contents and Biological Abstracts.

NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS

The journal is published three times a year. The subscription price to non-members of the British Ecological Society is ?20.00 ($70.00) per volume; single parts are ?7.50 ($26.00). All back numbers are available. Enquiries and orders should be sent to the publishers Blackwell Scientific Publications, Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 OEL.

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VOLUME 43 . NUMBER 3 . OCTOBER 1974

THE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY World-list abbreviation: 3'. Anim. EcoL.

CONTENTS

PAGE

R. East. Predation on the soil-dwelling stages of the winter moth at Wytham Woods, Berkshire 6iI

A. P. Gutierrez, W. H. Denton, R. Shade, H. Maltby, T. Burger and G. Moorehead. The within-field dynamics of the cereal leaf beetle (Oulema melanopa (L.)) in wheat and oats 627

H. Podoler. Effects of intraspecific competition in the Indian meal-moth (Plodia interpunctella Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) on populations of the moth and its parasite Nemeritis canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) 64I

H. Podoler. Analysis of life tables for a host and parasite (Plodia-Nemeritis) ecosystem 653

Francis L. Rose and Dede Armentrout. Population estimates of Ambystoma tigrinum inhabiting two Playa Lakes 67!

M. J. Boddington and D. F. Mettrick. The distribution, abundance, feeding habits, and population biology of the immigrant triclad Dugesia polyc roa (Platyhelminthes: Tarbellaria) in Toronto Harbour, Canada 68i

M. G. Bulmer. A statistical analysis of the io-year cycle in Canada 701

Johnstone 0. Young. The occurrence of diapause in the egg stage of the life-cycle of Phaenocora typhlops Vejdovsky (Turbellaria: Neorhabdocoela) 719

Susan E. Riechert. The pattem of local web distribution in a desert spider: mechanisms and seasonal variation 733

R. M. May, G. R. Conway, M. P. Hassell and T. R. E. Southwood. Time delays, density-dependence and single-species oscillations 747

I. Newton and R. H. Kerbes. Breeding of greylag geese (Anser anser) on the Outer Hebrides, Scotland 771

William A. Thompson, Ilan Vertinsky and John R. Krebs. The survival value of flocking in birds: a simulation model 785

Alan Buse. The relationship of Chaetogaster limnaei (Oligochaeta: Naididae) with a variety of gastropod species 82i

J. D. Thomas, M. Benjamin, A. Lough and R. H. Aram. The effects of calcium in the external en- vironment on the growth and natality rates of Biomphalaria glabrata (Say) 839

J. D. Thomas and A. Lough. The effects of external ealcium concentration on the rate of uptake of this ion by Biomphalaria glabrata (Say) 86i

Roy M. Anderson. An analysis of the influence of host morphometric features on the population dynamics of Diplozoon paradoxum (Nordmann, i832) 873

M. V. Brian and G. W. Elmes. Production by the ant Tetramorium caespitum in a southern English heath 889

Reviews; Short Notices 905

Abstracts 923

TH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY

? BLACKWELL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS LTD

Printed in Great Britain by Alden & Mowbray Ltd at the Alden Press, Oxford

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THE BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY Officers and Council for the year 1974

President G. C. EVANS

Vice-Presidents G. M. DUNNET and A. J. WILLIS

Honorary Treasurers R. A. FRENCH

Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts. R. W. SNAYDON

Department of Agricultural Botany, The University, London Road, Reading, Berks.

Honorary Secretaries J. A. LEE

Department of Biology, The University, Heslington, York E. A. G. DUFFEY (Council)

Monks Wood Experimental Station, Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon,

Honorary Editors of the Journal of Ecology A. J. WILLIS and P. J. GRUBB

Honorary Editors of the Journal of Animal Ecology R. N. SOUTHERN and L. R. TAYLOR

Honorary Editors of the Journal of Applied Ecology T. H. COAKER and H. W. NVOOLHOUSE

Honorary Editor of the Bulletin J. H. LAWTON

Council (together with the Officers above) Retiring: 1975

R. L. JEFFERIES L. R. TAYLOR J. B. WHITTAKER

1976 T. R. E. SOUTHWOOD M. J. CHADWICK G. CONWAY J. B. KENWORTHY

1977 S. B. CHAPMAN I. H. RORISON J. P. DEMPSTER J. C. COULSON

1978 G. C. EVANS J. M. CHERRETT C. D. PIGOTT D. T. STREETER

Honorary Editors of the Biological Flora T. T. ELKINGTON, P. J. GRUiBB, F. H. PERRING, C. D. PIGOTT and A. J. WILLIS

The British Ecological Society was founded in April 1913, when it replaced the British Vegetation Committee (founded in 1904). The object of the Society is to promote and foster the study of Ecology in its widest sense. This it does by publishing the Journal of Ecology, the Journal of Animal Ecology and the Journal of Applied Ecology, and by holding regular meetings when papers are read and symposia and discussions on subjects of current ecological interest are held. At present these meetings are held in early January, March or April, and July, in London, Oxford or Cambridge or a provincial centre: the meeting in March or April is a symposium and that in July is devoted primarily to excursions to places of ecological interest.

MEMBERSHIP of the Society is open to all, whether or not they reside in the British Isles, who are genuinely and personally interested in Ecology and wish to receive the Society's journals for their own use. The minimum subscription for membership is ?5.00 due on January I st each year. This entitles members to receive one of the three journals, to attend the meetings and make use of other facilities that the Society may offer, to vote in the election of Council and Officers and be eligible for election to Council and Office. For a subscription of ?7.50 members may receive two journals, and for ?10.00 all three journals.

Full details of membership and an application form may be obtained on request from either of the Honorary Secretaries.

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