Bc_media and Types of Communication Written Non Verbal and Verbal

8/14/2019 Bc_media and Types of Communication Written Non Verbal and Verbal

1/42

MEDIA AND TYPES OF COMMUNICATIONMEDIA AND TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

There are various media available to send and receiveThere are various media available to send and receive

information.information.

Selection of the media depends on:Selection of the media depends on:

1. Content of message1. Content of message

2. Type of audience2. Type of audience

3. Number of audience3. Number of audience

4. Organizational hierarchy4. Organizational hierarchy


2/42

1.WRITTEN COMMUNICATION1.WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

Everything that is written and transmitted fallsEverything that is written and transmitted falls

under the category of written communication e.g.under the category of written communication e.g.

letters, memos, circulars, manuals etc .letters, memos, circulars, manuals etc .


3/42

Characteristics of written communicationCharacteristics of written communication

Requires a lot of imagination and effort.Requires a lot of imagination and effort.Creative activityCreative activity

Time consumingTime consuming

Plan out the messagePlan out the message

Written feedbackWritten feedback

Fewer cycles of communicationFewer cycles of communication


4/42

Advantages of written communicationAdvantages of written communication

Wide accessWide access

PrecisionPrecision

RepetitionRepetition

Mechanical efficiencyMechanical efficiency

Aids controlAids control

Permanent recordPermanent record

Legal EvidenceLegal Evidence

Lengthy messageLengthy message

Fixed responsibilityFixed responsibilityConvenienceConvenience
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.t-english.com/courses/images/anpassen.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.t-english.com/courses/courses.htm&h=306&w=345&sz=15&hl=en&start=9&tbnid=awi34L8UlY_1cM:&tbnh=106&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwritten%2Bcommunication%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den


5/42

LimitationsLimitations

Time consumingTime consuming

CostlyCostly

Lack of secrecyLack of secrecy

RigidityRigidity

ImpersonalImpersonal

Delayed feedbackDelayed feedback


6/42

2. Oral communication2. Oral communication

Oral communication is spoken communication, can beOral communication is spoken communication, can beface to face , telephonic, public speaking etc.face to face , telephonic, public speaking etc.

Advantages of Oral CommunicationAdvantages of Oral Communication

1.1. Immediate feedbackImmediate feedback2.2. Time savingTime saving

3.3. EconomicalEconomical

4.4. Personal touchPersonal touch

5.5. FlexibilityFlexibility6.6. SecrecySecrecy

7.7. Group communicationGroup communication
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.onmission.com/atf/cf/%257B6767E79D-6E1B-4602-98D7-FFF47EE72523%257D/oral_story.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.onmission.com/site/c.cnKHIPNuEoG/b.830477/k.9762/The_old_old_story.htm&h=267&w=394&sz=39&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=plpEKGRcM8G27M:&tbnh=84&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Doral%2Bcommunication%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den


7/42

Limitation if Oral CommunicationLimitation if Oral Communication

1.1. Poor retentionPoor retention

2.2. No recordNo record

3.3. Time ConsumingTime Consuming

4.4. MisunderstandingMisunderstanding

5.5. Cannot communicate lengthy messagesCannot communicate lengthy messages

6.6. Lack of responsibilityLack of responsibility

7.7. ImpreciseImprecise


8/42

How to make Oral CommunicationHow to make Oral Communication

effective?effective?

ClarityClarityBrevityBrevity

PrecisionPrecision

Right wordsRight words

Avoid clichsAvoid clichs

Understand the listenerUnderstand the listener

Natural voiceNatural voice

Logical sequenceLogical sequence

ConvictionConviction


9/42

ComparisonComparison

OralOral1.1. With personal touchWith personal touch

2.Fast speed2.Fast speed

3. Flexibility High3. Flexibility High

4. No record4. No record5. Cost Low5. Cost Low

6.Gestures can be used6.Gestures can be used

7.Immediate feedback7.Immediate feedback

8. For short and simple8. For short and simplemessagemessage

WrittenWritten1. Without personal touch1. Without personal touch

2. Slow speed2. Slow speed

3. Flexibility Low3. Flexibility Low

4.Permanent4.Permanent

5. Cost High5. Cost High

6. Gestures cannot be6. Gestures cannot be

usedused

7. Feedback delayed7. Feedback delayed

8. For Lengthy messages8. For Lengthy messages


10/42

Nonverbal communication includes all

unwritten and unspoken messages,

both intentional and unintentional.

3.3. NON VERBAL COMMUNICATIONNON VERBAL COMMUNICATION


11/42

IMPORTANCE OF NON-VERBALIMPORTANCE OF NON-VERBAL

COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

7 % of communication happens through7 % of communication happens throughwordswords

93% of communication happens through93% of communication happens throughnon-verbal cues of which:non-verbal cues of which:

55% through facial expressions55% through facial expressions

38% through vocal tones38% through vocal tones


12/42

Action speak louder than wordsAction speak louder than words

Words can deceive but body cannotWords can deceive but body cannot

Non verbal communication is passing on your intended orNon verbal communication is passing on your intended or

unintended message through body language, gestures,unintended message through body language, gestures,

facial expression, vocal characteristics, etcfacial expression, vocal characteristics, etc


13/42

Characteristic of non verbal communicationCharacteristic of non verbal communicationDetects deception or affirms honestyDetects deception or affirms honesty

Can also be given unintentionallyCan also be given unintentionally

Can also be registered unintentionallyCan also be registered unintentionally

Learned and practiced unconsciouslyLearned and practiced unconsciously

Can build or ruin relationshipsCan build or ruin relationships

Interpreted according to the culture and background of theInterpreted according to the culture and background of the

receiverreceiverUnorganizedUnorganized


14/42

Interesting facts about non verbal communicationInteresting facts about non verbal communication

Dance of honeybeeDance of honeybee

Use of pyrotechnical communication by squidsUse of pyrotechnical communication by squids

Different cultures have different understandingDifferent cultures have different understanding

He who has an ear to hear and eye to see can tellHe who has an ear to hear and eye to see can tellthat no mortal can keep a secret. If his lips arethat no mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are

silent he chatters with his fingers, betrayal oozessilent he chatters with his fingers, betrayal oozes

out of him at every pore.out of him at every pore.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mastigoteuthis_flammea.jpg


15/42


16/42

Functions of NonverbalFunctions of Nonverbal

CommunicationCommunication To complement and illustrateTo complement and illustrate

To reinforce and accentuateTo reinforce and accentuate To replace and substituteTo replace and substitute

To control and regulateTo control and regulate

To contradictTo contradict


17/42

Forms of NonverbalForms of Nonverbal

CommunicationCommunication TimeTime

SpaceSpace TerritoryTerritory

Appearance of documentsAppearance of documents

How can these nonverbal forms be used to send

positive messages?


18/42

Forms of NonverbalForms of Nonverbal

CommunicationCommunication

Eye contactEye contact

Facial expressionFacial expression

Posture and gesturesPosture and gestures

Appearance of peopleAppearance of people


19/42

CATEGORIES OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATIONCATEGORIES OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

PhysicalPhysical : This is personnel communication and: This is personnel communication and

includes facial expression, tone of voice, sense ofincludes facial expression, tone of voice, sense of

touch etctouch etc

AestheticAesthetic : Communication through creative: Communication through creativeexpression, playing instruments, dancing etcexpression, playing instruments, dancing etc

SignsSigns : This is mechanical communication includes: This is mechanical communication includes

flags, gun salutes, sirens, horns etcflags, gun salutes, sirens, horns etc

SymbolicSymbolic: Religious or status building symbols: Religious or status building symbols

Para languagePara language: Voice, speaking speed, pitch,: Voice, speaking speed, pitch,

volume, pause, fluency, word stressvolume, pause, fluency, word stress


20/42

Non verbal communication is important for managers:Non verbal communication is important for managers:

1.To function effectively as a team leader1.To function effectively as a team leader

2. To understand the attitude and feelings of the team2. To understand the attitude and feelings of the team

members that they communicate through nonverbalmembers that they communicate through nonverbal

communicationcommunication


21/42

INTERESTING THINGS ABOUTINTERESTING THINGS ABOUT

BODY LANGUAGEBODY LANGUAGE

It has no words or sentences, but it does sendIt has no words or sentences, but it does sendbits of information that combine into messages.bits of information that combine into messages.

Those messages, which are sometimes clearThose messages, which are sometimes clearand sometimes fuzzy, are mostly about yourand sometimes fuzzy, are mostly about yourfeelings.feelings.

People can learn to read those messages with aPeople can learn to read those messages with afair degree of accuracy.fair degree of accuracy.


22/42

You cannotYou cannot notnot have body language- you are sendinghave body language- you are sendingmessages nonverbally all the time. Especially when youmessages nonverbally all the time. Especially when youare trying not to!are trying not to!

Your preferred body positions and movements do sayYour preferred body positions and movements do saysomething about the kind of person you are.something about the kind of person you are.

If your words say one thing and your body another thenIf your words say one thing and your body another thenpeople will believe your body, not your words.people will believe your body, not your words.

You can change how youre feeling by consciouslyYou can change how youre feeling by consciouslychanging your body language.changing your body language.

INTERESTING THINGS ABOUT

BODY LANGUAGE


23/42


24/42

Body language - figureBody language - figure

FigureFigure includes:includes:

Your postureYour posture

Your demeanor and gesturesYour demeanor and gestures Your clothes and accessories such as jewelryYour clothes and accessories such as jewelry

What message are you sending if you are dressedWhat message are you sending if you are dressedcasually at an important meeting?casually at an important meeting?


25/42

2. Postures:2. Postures:

Postures delegate degree ofPostures delegate degree of

formality and relaxation.formality and relaxation.Used to indicateUsed to indicate

attentiveness, learning,attentiveness, learning,

dullness etcdullness etc


26/42

Body language includesBody language includes

FaceFace

FigureFigure

FocusFocus

TerritoryTerritoryToneTone

TimeTime

Each of these is described in the following slidesEach of these is described in the following slides


27/42

Body language - focusBody language - focus

Focus is your eye contact with othersFocus is your eye contact with others

The perception of eye contact differs by culture. For most AmericansThe perception of eye contact differs by culture. For most Americans

Staring makes other people uncomfortableStaring makes other people uncomfortable

Lack of eye contact can make you appear weak or not trustworthyLack of eye contact can make you appear weak or not trustworthy

What message are you sending if you are looking at other things andWhat message are you sending if you are looking at other things andpeople in a room when someone is speaking to you?people in a room when someone is speaking to you?


28/42

Body language - faceBody language - face

FaceFace includes:includes: Your expressionsYour expressions

Your smile or lack thereofYour smile or lack thereof Tilt of the head; e.g., if your head is tiltedTilt of the head; e.g., if your head is tilted

to one side, it usually indicates you areto one side, it usually indicates you areinterested in what someone is sayinginterested in what someone is saying

What message are you sending if someone isWhat message are you sending if someone ispresenting a new idea and you are frowning?presenting a new idea and you are frowning?


29/42

3. Facial Expression3. Facial Expression

A PICTURE IS WORTH A THOUSAND WORDSA PICTURE IS WORTH A THOUSAND WORDS

well describes the meaning of facial expression.well describes the meaning of facial expression.

It can be voluntary and involuntary like smile, frown,It can be voluntary and involuntary like smile, frown,

raised eyebrow etc.raised eyebrow etc.


30/42

4. Gestures4. Gestures

Gestures are most frequently used and the leastGestures are most frequently used and the least

understood type of non verbal communication.understood type of non verbal communication.They function to confirm, contradict, or replace verbalThey function to confirm, contradict, or replace verbal

message.message.


31/42

Open GesturesOpen Gestures1 Open hands1 Open hands

2 palms up2 palms up3 Smile3 Smile

4. Leaning forward4. Leaning forward

5 Hands away from face5 Hands away from face

6 Standing straight6 Standing straight

7 Feet apart7 Feet apart

8 Shoulders square8 Shoulders square

9 Touching Patting9 Touching Patting

10 Rubbing palms10 Rubbing palms

11. Affirmative head nods11. Affirmative head nods12 Seating arrangements with no12 Seating arrangements with no

barriersbarriers

Closed GesturesClosed GesturesHands covering mouthHands covering mouth

Making fistsMaking fistsGlancing at exitGlancing at exit

FrownFrown

Leaning backLeaning back

RigidRigid

Looking at floorLooking at floor

Moving awayMoving away

Legs crossedLegs crossed

FidgetingFidgeting

Head loweredHead loweredLack of eye contactLack of eye contact


32/42

5. Eye Contact5. Eye Contact

Eyes are the most expressive feature of the face.Eyes are the most expressive feature of the face.

Ocular dialect needs no dictionary, and is understood allOcular dialect needs no dictionary, and is understood all

over the world. Also called Oculesicsover the world. Also called Oculesics


33/42

6. Tactile Communication

Communication through touch.

Dont invade personal space until reciprocal.Includes handshake, pressure, temperature, etc


34/42

7. Paralanguage7. Paralanguage ::

There are various paralanguages like:There are various paralanguages like:a)a) VoiceVoice

b) Speaking speed

c) Pitch variation

d) Volume variatione) Pauses

f) Non-fluencies

g) Word stress


35/42

PARALANGUAGEPARALANGUAGE

Cues one can pick up from an individualsCues one can pick up from an individuals

voice:voice:

ToneTone

Rate of speechRate of speech

AccentAccent

PronunciationPronunciationNot WHAT you say but HOW you say it!!Not WHAT you say but HOW you say it!!


36/42

Body language - toneBody language - tone

ToneTone is a factor of your voiceis a factor of your voice

Pitch is the highness or lowness of voicePitch is the highness or lowness of voice

Volume is how loud your voice isVolume is how loud your voice is

Emphasis is your inflectionEmphasis is your inflection

What message are you sending if during aWhat message are you sending if during adisagreement you start speaking very loudly?disagreement you start speaking very loudly?


37/42

Advantages of paralanguage:Advantages of paralanguage:

1.1. Completes oral communicationCompletes oral communication

2.2. Shows educational backgroundShows educational background3.3. Indicates hierarchal structureIndicates hierarchal structure

4.4. Helps in communicationHelps in communication

5.5. Paralanguage continuously upgradedParalanguage continuously upgraded

LimitationsLimitations of Paralanguageof Paralanguage

1.1. Just like a language and not a languageJust like a language and not a language

2.2. Speaker should be open mindedSpeaker should be open minded


38/42

8. Dress8. Dress::

A dress is a desire to confirm, self esteem,A dress is a desire to confirm, self esteem,

aesthetic satisfaction.aesthetic satisfaction.

It adds to prestige value, physical comfort, socialIt adds to prestige value, physical comfort, socialparticipation and economical status.participation and economical status.
http://vincenzos.blogspot.com/2006/08/legion-of-well-dressed-men.htmlhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mohawkhospital.com/images/officesetup1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mohawkhospital.com/&h=180&w=186&sz=3&hl=en&start=29&tbnid=BW6Yml60EmLSIM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3Doffice%2Bsetups%26start%3D18%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.thefurniture.com/store/Images/JOF/900/Textured/5.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.thefurniture.com/store/JOF-EXECCORNER.htm&h=566&w=700&sz=257&hl=en&start=6&tbnid=l4_cIIUjaNalWM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Doffice%2Bsetups%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den


39/42

9. Surrounding and Time9. Surroundingand Time

It refers to the physical environment we are living in.

It comprises of color and layout of your environment.

Everything conveys meaning.A tastefully done space creates good energy and

impression.
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.infowit.com/images/time_graphic.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.infowit.com/&h=396&w=370&sz=41&hl=en&start=4&tbnid=ws-pWNv_m-oogM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dtime%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mohawkhospital.com/images/officesetup1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mohawkhospital.com/&h=180&w=186&sz=3&hl=en&start=29&tbnid=BW6Yml60EmLSIM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3Doffice%2Bsetups%26start%3D18%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.thefurniture.com/store/Images/JOF/900/Textured/5.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.thefurniture.com/store/JOF-EXECCORNER.htm&h=566&w=700&sz=257&hl=en&start=6&tbnid=l4_cIIUjaNalWM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Doffice%2Bsetups%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den


40/42

Body language - timeBody language - time

TimeTime focuses on how you use time. Itfocuses on how you use time. It

is also called chronemics.is also called chronemics.

Pace is how quickly you speakPace is how quickly you speak Response is how quickly you moveResponse is how quickly you move

Punctuality is your timelinessPunctuality is your timeliness

What message are you sending if you areWhat message are you sending if you are

consistently late for meetings?consistently late for meetings?


41/42

Tips for improved nonverbal communicationTips for improved nonverbal communication

ComfortComfortRelaxed as well as attentiveRelaxed as well as attentive

Eye contactEye contact

Nod of approvalNod of approval

Smooth and unobtrusive gesturesSmooth and unobtrusive gesturesTame the rate of speechTame the rate of speech

Audible voiceAudible voice

Body languageBody language

SmileSmileAlertAlert


42/42

With all the means and methods ofWith all the means and methods of

communication (verbal and non verbal, internal-communication (verbal and non verbal, internal-

external, etc) at our disposal why is it that most ofexternal, etc) at our disposal why is it that most of

the time we misunderstand each other.the time we misunderstand each other.

Date post:	30-May-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	gshirish
View:	218 times
Download:	0 times

Bc_media and Types of Communication Written Non Verbal and Verbal

Documents