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Beas River

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Introduction.

Beas River, an important river of the Indus River System, emergesfrom a cavern at the Rohtang pass in Himachal Pradesh.

. The river originates in the Rohtang pass of the Himalayas in centralHimachal Pradesh in India at a height of 13,050 feet and flows for alength of 290 miles (470 km) before uniting with the Sutlej River at

Harike Pattan south of Amritsar in Punjab. Finally the river drains itswater into the Arabian sea. The ancient Indians and the Hyphasis bythe Ancient Greeks called the river Arjiki or Vipas. The current nameBeas is probably a corruption of the word Vyas, the name of VedaVyasa, the person behind the great Hindu epic, the Mahabharata.The river is sometimes called Vipasha in Himachal, specially by theacademicians

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Tributries

The tributaries of the Beas River include the

Parbati, the Spin and Malana nala in the East;

and the Solang, the Manalsu, the Sujoin, the

Phojal and the Sarvati Streams in the West. InKangra, there are the tributaries of Binwa,

Neugal, Banganga, Gaj, Dehr and Chakki from

North, and Kunah, Maseh, Khairan and Man

from the South. Some other tributaries includeHansa, Tirthan, Bakhli, Jiuni, Suketi, Panddi,

Son and Bather.

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The northern and eastern tributaries of the

Beas receive water from the melting snow

and are perennial, whereas the southerntributaries are seasonal. Some of the most

important tributaries of the river are

discussed in detail.

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Awa River : its source is the Dhauladhar rangein the Kangra valley of Himachal Pradesh. It getswater both from melting snow as well as rainfall.

It flows in the southwest direction before unitingwith Beas.

Banner River:Another name for this tributary is

the Baner Khad. It originates on the southernslopes of the Dhauladhar range near Palampurand flows in a southwest direction through theKangra valley.

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Banganga River : Rising from the

Southern slopes of the Dhauladhar range,it joins the Beas River in the Kangra

valley. Snow and channels coming from

springs sustain the river. Huge fertile

deposits have been formed all along theriver near its mouth.

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Chakki River : originating from the Southern slopes ofthe Dhauladhar range, the river flows from thesouthwestern part of Himachal Pradesh and entersPunjab before joining the Beas River.

Gaj Khad : It takes off as a small stream from the snowson the Southern slopes of the Dhauladhar range inKangra district and unites with the river a little upstreamfrom the Pong Dam lake.

Harla River : it starts from the snows in the NorthWestern segment of the Kullu valley and joins the riverBeas near Bhuntar.

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Luni River : it takes off from the South slopes ofDhauladhar in the Kangra valley and joins the river in thecentral part of the Kangra valley.

Manuni River : It rises from the Southern slopes of theDhauladhar range and joins the river Beas. Steep slopesform the upper catchment of the Manuni river.There is asharp fall in its gradient huge river terraces occur on theboth sides of the river bed, which are used for cultivationextensively.

Parbati River : Taking off from the foothills of the mainHimalayan range in Kullu district, it joins the river Beas atShamshi in Kullu valley.

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Patlikuhal River : it lies in the Mandi area of Kulludistrict. It takes off from the snowy region on theSouthern slopes of the Pir Panjal range and then meetsthe main river upstream of Kullu.

Sainj River : It source is the water divide of the Beasand the Satluj rivers in the lower ranges of the mainHimalayas to the East of Kullu. It then flows in asouthwest direction to join the river.

Suketi River : It takes off from the Southern slopes ofDhauladhar range and joins the Beas in the Kangravalley. Along the banks of this tributary, there are hugeterraces, which are under cultivation.

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Maharana Pratap Sagar

Pong Dam Lake

was created in 1975 building the highest

earthfill dam in India on the Beas River in

the wetland zone of the Siwalik Hills of the

Kangra district of the state of Himachal

Pradesh, in India. Named in the honour of

the patriot Maharana Pratap (1572 1597),

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Maharana Pratap Sagar

Pong Dam Lake

the reservoir drains a catchments area of

12,561 km2 (4,850 sq mi) out of which the

permanent snow catchments is 780 km2 (301

sq mi) 780 km. Monsoon rainfall between Julyand September is a major source of water

supply into the reservoir, apart from snow and

glacier melt.

The reservoir stretch is 42 km (26.1 mi) long with

a maximum width of 19 km (11.8 mi) and with a

mean depth of 35.7 m (117.1 ft).

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Maharana Pratap Sagar

Pong Dam Lake

The confirmed ruling features of the dam are asunder.

Normal reservoir level EL. 427 m (1,401 ft)

Maximum reservoir level EL. 433 m (1,421 ft) Dead storage level EL. 384 m (1,260 ft)

Gross storage capacity 8,570,000,000 cubicmetres (6,950,000 acreft)

Live storage capacity 7,290,000,000 cubicmetres (5,910,000 acreft)

Reservoir length 41.8 km (26.0 mi)

Maximum reservoir depth 97.84 m (321.0 ft)

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