BEEE LAB Manual 1sem

8/11/2019 BEEE LAB Manual 1sem

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JAWAHARLAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

BORAWAN

Basic Electricals & Electronics Engineer

E!"#$LAB %ANUAL

Ist' SE%ESTER(

)E*ART%ENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGG+JIT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

BORAWAN ' ,-.//0


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LIST OF E*ERI%ENTS

.+ To st123 t4e 5ario1s Basic Instr16ent o7 8Electrical Science &

S369ols:+

/+ To ;eri4ase cir

+ Se>aration o7 resistance an2 in21ctance o7 c4oDe coil+

.#+ I2entionents+

..+ O9ser5ing in>1t an2 o1t>1t ?a5e7or6s o7 recti>lication as a6>li


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JAWAHARLAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY@BORAWAN

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Na6e o7 St12ent !

Enroll6ent No+!+++

S19ect ! +++

Branc4 ! +

Se6ester ! +++++

Session ! ++

Certi


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TOTAL %AR=S

A;ERAGE %AR=S

LAB CO%*LETE) )ATE

STAFF SIGNATURE


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JAWAHARLAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY BORAWAN)E*ART%ENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Electrical & Electronics Engineering B+E+ ! /#,(

Semester: - II

Enrollment No. Date:-

Remarks if any, Signature of Professor

E*ERI%ENT NO+

O9ecti5e (To st#$y the +ario#s asic Istr#"et of 0E!ectrica! Sciece & Sy"*o!s1.

A>>arat1s re1ire2!De"ostratio of +ario#s istr#"ets !i,e A""eter2 3o!t"eter2 4att"eter2Eer%y "eter2 Tacho"eter2 Rheostat2 AC a$ DC Po-er S#))!y.

T4eor3!A( A66eter

A""eters are e")!oye$ for "eas#ri% c#rret i a circ#it a$ coecte$ iseries -ith the circ#it. As a""eter is coecte$ i series2 the +o!ta%e $ro)

across a""eter ter"ia!s sho#!$ *e as !o- as )ossi*!e. This re5#ires that theresistace of the a""eter sho#!$ *e as !o- as )ossi*!e. The c#rret coi! ofA""eter has !o- c#rret carryi% ca)acity -hereas the c#rret to *e"eas#re$ "ay *e 5#ite hi%h. For this reaso a !o- resistace is coecte$ i)ara!!e! to the c#rret coi!.

B( ;olt6eter

3o!t"eters are e")!oye$ to "eas#re the )otetia! $i6erece across ay t-o

)oits of the circ#it these are coecte$ i the )ara!!e! to the circ#it. The


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resistace of +o!t"eter is ,e)t +ery hi%h *y coecti% a hi%h resistace iseries of the +o!t"eter -ith the c#rret coi! of the istr#"et. The act#a!+o!ta%e $ro) across the c#rret coi! of the +o!t"eter is o!y a fractio of thetota! +o!ta%eapplied across the oltmeter !hich is to "e measured. #here are three types ofammeters and oltmeters generally used:

$. %oing coil type

&. %oing iron type

'. Electronic (oltmeter

C( Watt6eter

The "eas#re"et of rea! )o-er i AC circ#its is $oe *y #si% a istr#"et#si% 4att"eter. The rea! )o-er i AC circ#its is %i+e *y e7)ressio

3ICOS8

4here2COS8is )o-er factor.

A -att"eter is co")rises of t-o coi!s a"e!y c#rret coi! a$ )ress#re coi!.The c#rret coi! is coecte$ i series -ith the !oa$ a$ the )ress#re coi! iscoecte$ across the !oa$. 4att"eter9s are a+ai!a*!e i $#a! ra%e for+o!ta%es as -e!! as for c#rret :/;'A2


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)( Energ3 6eter

Eer%y "eter is a istr#"et -hich is #se$ o "eas#re the cos#")tio ofe!ectric eer%y i a AC circ#its. It "eas#res eer%y i >4?. The )rici)!eof o)eratio of a eer%y "eter is @#st !i,e -att"eter e7ce)t that $#e

)o-er thro#%h the "eter2 a $isc rotates. The #"*er of re+o!#tio "a$e *ythe $isc is co#te$.

E( Tac4o6eter

Tacho"eter is a istr#"et to "eas#re the s)ee$ i R.P.M.2 The s)ee$ of arotati% shaft is "eas#re$ *y iserti% he ta)ere$ )ro@ecte$ of thetacho"eter ito the ta)ere$ ho!e i a rotati% shaft of -hich s)ee$ is to *e"eas#re$.

F( R4eostat

Rheostats are "a$e #) of hi%h resisti+ity "ateria! !i,e ic,e!(chro"i#" iroa!!oy c!ose!y -o#$ o+er a circ#!ar t#*e. These are a+ai!a*!e *oth i si%!et#*e a$ $o#*!e t#*e. Iter(t#r is#!atio is )ro+i$e$ to a+oi$ shortcirc#iti% of t#rs. The t#*e of rheostat are "a$e of is#!ati% "ateria! !i,eas*estos. These are e")!oye$ at )!aces -here resistace of a circ#it is to *e

+arie$ -itho#t *r


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G( Trans7or6er

A trasfor"er is a static $e+ice -hich cosists of t-o or "ore statioary

e!ectric circ#its iter!i,e$ *y a co""o "a%etic circ#it for a )#r)ose oftrasferri% e!ectrica! eer%y *et-ee the". The trasfer of e!ectric eer%yta,es )!ace fro" oe circ#it to aother circ#it -itho#t cha%e i fre5#ecy.

There are t-o ty)es of trasfor"er. Oe is ste) #) a$ the other is ste$o-.


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CIRCUIT SY%BOLS

WIRES AN) CONNECTIONS

S+No+ CO%*ONENT

NA%E

CIRCUIT SY%BOL FUNCTION

)$* +IRE

#o pass current ery easily from

one part of a circuit to another.

)&* +IRES INED

/"lo"/ should "e dra!n !here

!ires are connected )0oined*, "ut it

is sometimes omitted. +ires

connected at /crossroads/ should "eStaggered slightly to form t!o #-

0unctions, as sho!n on the right.

)'*+IRES N#

INED

In comple1 diagrams it is oftennecessary to dra! !ires crossing

een though they are not

connected. I prefer the /"ridge/

sym"ol sho!n on the right "ecausethe simple crossing on the left may

"e misread as a 0oin !here you

hae forgotten to add a /"lo"/.

*OWER SU**LIESS+No+ CO%*ONENT

NA%ECIRCUIT SY%BOL FUNCTION

)$* 2E33

Supplies electrical energy. #he

larger terminal )on the left* ispositie )4*. single cell is often

called a "attery, "ut strictly a

"attery is t!o or more cells 0oined

together.

)&* 5##ER6

Supplies electrical energy. "attery is more than one cell. #he

larger terminal )on the left* is

positie )4*.

)'* D2 S7PP36

Supplies electrical energy. D2 8

Direct 2urrent, al!ays flo!ing inone direction.

)9* 2 S7PP36

Supplies electrical energy. 28lternating 2urrent, 2ontinually

changing direction.


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)* ;7SE

safety deice !hich !ill /"lo!/

)melt* if the current flo!ingthrough it e1ceeds a specified

alue.

))?R7ND*

connection to earth. ;or many

electronic circuits this is the @(

)Aero olts* of the po!er supply,"ut for mains electricity and some

radio circuits it really means the

earth. It is also kno!n as ground.

O1t>1t )e5ices La6>s@ Heater@ %otor@ etc+S+No+ CO%*ONENTNA%E


)$* 3%P)3I?>#IN?*

transducer !hich conerts

electrical energy to light. #his

sym"ol is used for a lampproiding illumination, for

e1ample a car headlamp

r torch "ul".

)&* 3%P)INDI2#R*

transducer !hich conertselectrical energy to light. #his

sym"ol is used for a lamp !hich isan indicator, for e1ample a !arning

light on a car dash"oard.

)'* >E#ER

transducer !hich conertselectrical energy to heat.

)9* %#R


electrical energy to kinetic energy

)motion*.

)* 5E33


electrical energy to sound.


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)ES##*

#his type of aria"le resistor !ith &

contacts )a rheostat* is usually usedto control current. E1amples

include: ad0usting lamp "rightness,

ad0usting motor speed, and

ad0usting the rate of flo! of chargeinto a capacitor in a timing circuit.

)'*(RI53E RESIS#R)P#EN#I %E#ER*

#his type of aria"le resistor !ith '

contacts )a potentiometer* isusually used to control oltage. It

can "e used like this as a transducer

conerting position )angle of thecontrol spindle* to an electrical

signal.

)9* (RI53ERESIS#R)PRESE#*

#his type of aria"le resistor )a

preset* is operated !ith a smallscre!drier or similar tool. It is

designed to "e set !hen the circuit

is made and then left !ithout

further ad0ustment. Presets are

cheaper than normal aria"le

resistors so they are often used in

pro0ects to reduce the cost.


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CA*ACITORSS+No+ CO%*ONENT

NA%E


)$* 2P2I#R

capacitor stores electric charge. capacitor is used !ith a resistor

in a timing circuit. It can also "e

used as a filter, to "lock D2 signals

"ut pass 2 signals.

)&*2P2I#R

P3RISED

capacitor stores electric charge.

#his type must "e connected thecorrect !ay round. capacitor is

used !ith a resistor in a timing

circuit. It can also "e used as a

filter, to "lock D2 signals "ut pass2 signals.

)'*(RI53E

2P2I#R

aria"le capacitor is used in aradio tuner.

)9*#RI%%ER

2P2I#R

#his type of aria"le capacitor )a

trimmer* is operated !ith a small

scre!drier or similar tool. It is

designed to "e set !hen the circuitis made and then left !ithout

further ad0ustment.

%ETERS AN) OSCILLOSCO*ES+No+ CO%*ONENTNA%E


)$* (3#%E#ER oltmeter is used to measureoltage. #he Proper name for

oltage is /potential difference/, "ut

most people prefer to say oltage.

)&* %%E#ER n ammeter is used to measure

current.

)'* ?3(N%E#ER galanometer is a ery sensitie

meter !hich is used to measure

tiny currents, usually $m or less.

)9* >%%E#ER n ohmmeter is used to measure

resistance. %ost multimeters hae

an ohmmeter setting.

)* S2I33S2PE n oscilloscope is used to display

the shape of electrical signals and itcan "e used to measure their

oltage and time period.


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Re>ort!

;. 4hat are the *asic "eas#ri% istr#"ets

. 4hat is the -or,i% )rici)!e of -att"eter a$ eer%y "eter

B. 4hat is the -or,i% )rici)!e of %eerator

=. 4hat are the +ario#s safety "eas#res -hi!e )erfor"i% )ractica! i

e!ectrica! sciece !a*

:. Disc#ss the +ario#s ty)es of resistors a$ ca)acitors


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Semester: - II



E*ERI%ENT NO+

O9ecti5e !

To 3erify >irchho69s 3o!ta%e La- & >irchho69s C#rret La-.

A>>arat1s re1ire2 !

DC Net-or, >it Po-er s#))!y2 Resistors a$ Coecti% Lea$s2 rea$oar$2 A""eter2 3o!t"eter.

T4eor3!

I "ay circ#its2 i -hich +ario#s co")oets are #se$ are i either )ara!!e!2

i series2 or i series )ara!!e! for e7a")!e2 a circ#it -ith t-o or "ore *atteriescoecte$ i its $i6eret *raches. Aother e7a")!e is a #*a!ace$ *ri$%ecirc#it. S#ch circ#its ca *e easi!y so!+e$ -ith he!) of >irchho69s !a- -hichare as fo!!o-s.;. >irchho69s c#rret La-. >irchho69s +o!ta%e !a-.

=;L ! It states that the a!%e*raic s#" of )ro$#ct of c#rret a$ resistace ieach of the co$#ctors i ay c!ose$ )ath i a et-or, )!#s the a!%e*raic s#"

of the E.M.F. i the c!ose$ )ath is ero.

IRE.M.F. '


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=CL ( It states that i ay e!ectrica! et-or, the a!%e*raic s#" of c#rrets"eeti% at a )oit is ero.

OR

It states that the s#" of the c#rrets eteri% ito ay o$e/)oit/@#ctio ise5#a! to the s#" of the c#rrets !ea+i% that o$e/)oit/@#ctio.

I I I I I. , / " -

Inco6ing c1rrento1tgoing c1rrent

Circ1it )iagra6!

=;L!

=CL!


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*roce21re!

=;L!;. Coectios are "a$e as )er the circ#it $ia%ra".. Chec, yo#r coectios *efore s-itch o the s#))!y.B. 3ary the re%#!ate$ s#))!y.=. Meas#re the +o!ta%e #si% +o!t"eter.:. Note the rea$i%s i the ta*#!atio.


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Res1lt!;. The ico"i% c#rret is fo#$ to *e e5#a! to the o#t%oi% c#rret.. The tota! i)#t +o!ta%e is e5#a! to the tota! +o!ta%e $ro) i the c,t.

*reca1tions!;. S-itch o6 the s#))!y -he ot i #se.. Rea$i% sho#!$ *e ta,e caref#!!y.B. A!! coectios sho#!$ *e ti%ht a$ correct.

Re>ort!;. 4hat are the +ario#s "etho$s of aa!ysis of et-or,s *ase$ o

>3L &>CL. 4hat $o yo# "ea *y a!%e*raic s#"

B. 4hat is the $i6erece *et-ee a "esh a$ a !oo)


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*roce21re;. Coectios are "a$e as )er the circ#it $ia%ra".. Chec, yo#r coectios *efore s-itch o the s#))!y.B. Fi$ the The+ei9s +o!ta%e or o)e circ#it +o!ta%e.

=. Re)!ace +o!ta%e so#rce *y itera! resistor.:. Deter"ie the The+ei9s resistace.


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Semester: - II



E*ERI%ENT NO+

O9ecti5e !To +erify the s#)er)ositio theore" a$ $eter"ie the c#rret fo!!o-i%

thro#%h the !oa$ resistace.

A>>arat1s re1ire2 !DC Net-or, >it Po-er s#))!y2 Resistors a$ Coecti% Lea$s2 Traieroar$2 A""eter2 3o!t"eter.

T4eor3!S1>er>osition t4eore6

I a !iear circ#it cotaii% "ore tha oe so#rce2 the c#rret that Qo-s atay )oit or the +o!ta%e that e7ists *et-ee ay t-o )oits is the a!%e*raics#" of the c#rrets or the +o!ta%es that -o#!$ ha+e *ee )ro$#ce$ *y eachso#rce ta,e se)arate!y -ith a!! other so#rces re"o+e$.

Circ1it )iagra6!


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*roce21re!;. Coectios are "a$e as )er the circ#it $ia%ra".. Chec, yo#r coectios *efore s-itch o the s#))!y.B. Deter"ie the c#rret thro#%h the !oa$ resistace I or I .B L=. No- oe of the so#rces is shorte$ a$ the c#rret Qo-i% thro#%h the

resistace I or I "eas#re$ *y a""eter.L B

:. Si"i!ar!y2 the other so#rce is shorte$ a$ the c#rret Qo-i% thro#%hthe resistace IL or I "eas#re$ *y a""eter.B


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Semester: - II



E*ERI%ENT NO+

O9ecti5e !To st#$y R(L(C series circ#it a$ Dra- its )hasor $ia%ra".

A>>arat1s re1ire2 !A""eter2 Resistor2 I$#ctor a$ Ca)acitor2 3ariac2 Coecti% 4ires a$Di%ita! M#!ti"eter2 E7)eri"et >it.

T4eor3!Cosi$er a ac circ#it cotaii% resistace of R9 i 2 i$#ctace of L9 iheries a$ ca)acitace of C9 i fara$s coecte$ i series2 as sho-circ#it $ia%ra". Let the c#rret Qo-i% thro#%h the circ#it is I9 i a")erea$ s#))!y fre5#ecy f i ?.

a3o!ta%e $ro) across resistace 3R IR i )hase -ith I.

*3o!ta%e $ro) across i$#ctace 3 L UL !ea$i% I9 *yV

ort!;. 4hat $o yo# #$ersta$ *y the ter" )o-er factor i referece to A

Circ#its. 4hat is the i")ortace of )o-er factorB. 4hat $o yo# "ea *y a !a%%i% )o-er factor & !ea$i% )o-er factor


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Semester: - II



E*ERI%ENT NO+

O9ecti5e (

St#$y of Trasfor"er2 Na"e )!ate rati% $eter"iatio of ratio a$ Po!arity.

A>>arat1s re1ire2!

S+No+ Na6e o7 e1i>6ent 1antit3 Range T3>e

; ;(PhaseTrasfor"er ; B'/;;:32;>3A She!! ty)e

A#to Trasfor"er ; '(H'2;'A 3ariac ty)eB 3o!t"eter ; '(B'' 3 Mo+i% iro

= 3o!t"eter ; '(;:' 3

Mo+i% iro

T4eor3!A(Theoretica!!y it "ay see" that trasfor"er "ay *e *#i!t to ha$!e ay+o!ta%e or c#rret. #t i rea!ity there are !i"its to *oth the +o!ta%e a

c#rret. The a"e )!ate rati% of a )o-er trasfor"er #s#a!!y cotais2;. 3o!t(a")eres..>3A. 3o!ta%e Ratio 3 /3 .+o!t or ,3; B. Fre5#ecy..?=. Ty)e ;(8 or B(8:.

E5#i+a!et I")e$ace_


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B( Trans7or6ation Ratio!The i$#ce$ E.M.F )er )hase i )ri"ary a$ seco$ary -i$i% of atrasfor"er is %i+e *y i$#ce$ E.M.F i )ri"ary E =.==f; 8N .;I$#ce$ E.M.F i seco$ary E =.==f8N .

For I$ea! trasfor"er E 3 a$ E 3 .; ; ?ece the trasfor"atio Ratio > 3 /3 ; N / N I / I ; ; .

C( *olarit3 Test!Each of the ter"ia!s of )ri"ary as -e!! as seco$ary -i$i% of atrasfor"er is a!terati+e!y )ositi+e a$ e%ati+e -ith res)ect to each other.It is essetia! to ,o- the re!ati+e )o!arities at ay istat of the )ri"arya$ seco$ary ter"ia!s for "a,i% correct coectios if the trasfor"eare to *e o)ee$ i )ara!!e! or are to *e #se$ i a B(8circ#it.

4he +ie-e$ fro" the )ri"ary si$e the ter"ia!s are "ar,e$ A; a$ A .No- ter"ia! A; is coecte$ to oe e$ of the seco$ary -i$i% a$ +o!t"eter is coecte$ *et-ee A a$ other e$ of the seco$ary -i$i%.4he the +o!t"eter rea$s the $i6erece 3 (3 2 the trasfor"er is sai$ to; )ossess a s#*tracti+e )o!aritya$ -he +o!t"eter rea$s 3 3 the; trasfor"er has a$$iti+e )o!arity. S#*tracti+e )o!arity "eas that sa"e)o!arity ter"ia!s are coecte$. 4hi!e a$$iti+e )o!arity "eas that sa"e)o!arity ter"ia!s are coecte$.

*roce21re!A(Trans7or6ation Ratio Test!

;. Coect the circ#it as )er %.* a$ set #) A#to(trasfor"er to ero)ositio.

. S-itch o A.C. s#))!y a$ a$@#st the A#totrasfor"er ti!! a s#ita*!e*e!o- rate$ +o!ta%e.

B. Recor$ the +o!ta%e 3 across the )ri"ary a$ 3 across seco$ary.; =. 3ary the A#totrasfor"er a$ re)eat ste) B2 ta,e at !east : rea$i%s.

B(*olarit3 Test!

;. Coect the circ#it as )er %.a a$ set #) A#totrasfor"er to ero)ositio.

. S-itch o si%a! )hase A.C. s#))!y.B. Recor$ the +o!ta%e 3 2 3 a$ 3 .;

B


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If 3 is !ess tha the )o!arity is s#*tracti+e other-ise a$$iti+e.B=. 3ary the A#totrasfor"er a$ re)eat ste)B. Ta,e at !east : rea$i%s.:. S-itch o6 the s#))!y.

O9ser5ation!A Na"e P!ate Rati%s ( 4rite $o- a!! s)ecicatio "ar,e$ o a"e )!aterati%.

B( Trans7or6ation Ratio Test!

S+No+ ;. ;/ = ; ;/

.

C( *olarit3 Test!

S+No+ ;. ;/ ;"

A22iti5e or S19tracti5e

Circ1it 2iagra6!

Fi%. A


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Fi%.

Res1lt

The trasfor"atio ratio of %i+e trasfor"er is .

*reca1tion;. Coectio sho#!$ *e ti%ht.. Do ot to#ch o !i+e -ire.B. Loa$ o the trasfer sho#!$ ot icrease *eyo$ its ca)acity.


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Semester: - II



E*ERI%ENT NO+

O9ecti5e (To $eter"iatio of e5#i+a!et circ#it )ara"eter of a si%!e )hase

trasfor"er *y OC a$ SC test.

Na6e >late 2etails o7 trans7or6er(

;^( TRANSFORMERCa)acity B >3AI/P +o!ta%e B'3I/P c#rret ;B.'=AO/P +o!ta%e ;;:3

O/P c#rret >arat1s re1ire2!

A>>arat1s Re1ire2 7or SC Test

S+No+ Na6e Range T3>e

1antit3

; A#to Trasfor"er B'/'(H'32 =A ;(

;

A""eter '(:A MI Ty)e

;

B 3o!t"eter '(B''3 MI Ty)e

;

= 4att"eter ''32 .:A Dya"o"eter

;


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A>>arat1s Re1ire2 7or OC TestS+No+ Na6e Range T3>e 1antit3

; A#to Trasfor"er B'/'(H'32 =A ;( -ire4o#$ ;

A""eter '(.:A MI Ty)e ;

B 3o!t"eter '(;:'3 MI Ty)e ;

= 4att"eter ;:'32 .:A Dya"o"eter ;

T4eor3!Trasfor"er is a static $e+ice -hich trasfers e!ectrica! )o-er fro" oecirc#it to aother circ#it either *y ste) #) or ste) $o- the +o!ta%e -ithcorres)o$i% $ecrease icrease i the c#rret2 -itho#t cha%i% thefre5#ecy.

S4ort Circ1it TestThe "ai ai" of this test is to $eter"ie the f#!! !oa$ co))er !oss -hich ishe!)f#! i $i% the R';2 Y ';2 J';2 e`ciecy a$ re%#!atio of the

trasfor"er. Geera!!y !o- +o!ta%e si$e -i!! *e short circ#ite$ a$ s#))-i!! *e %i+e to hi%h +o!ta%e si$e & it -i!! *e of :(;'_ of the rate$ +o!ta%e.

The -att"eter coecte$ i )ri"ary -i!! %i+e $irect!y the f#!! !oa$ co))er!osses of the trasfor"er.

O>en Circ1it TestThe "ai ai" of this test is to $eter"ie the Iro !osses & No( !oa$ c#rret ofthe Trasfor"er -hich are he!)f#! i $i% Ro & Yo. I this test %eera!!y

s#))!y -i!! *e %i+e to )ri"ary a$ seco$ary ,e)t o)e. Sice seco$ary iso)ee$ a s"a!! c#rret "a%etii% c#rret -i!! Qo- a$ it -i!! *e : to ;'_of f#!! !oa$ c#rret. The -att"eter coecte$ i )ri"ary -i!! %i+e $irect!y the

Iro !osses core !osses.


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*roce21re!S4ort Circ1it Test

;. Coect the circ#it as sho-.. Es#re that the $i""er stat )ositio is at '9 ero.

B. S-itch o the si%!e )hase AC. S#))!y.=. S!o-!y icrease the o#t)#t +o!ta%e of the $i""erstat ti!! the a""eter

o )ri"ary si$e sho-s rate$ c#rret of =.B: A").:. Note the a""eter2 +o!t"eter & -att"eter rea$i%s.

O>en Circ1it Test

;. Gi+e coectios as )er the circ#it $ia%ra".. Es#re that the $i""er stat Positio is at ero.B. S-itch o the si%!e )hase AC S#))!y.=. A))!y rate$ +o!ta%e of B'3 to the )ri"ary si$e of trasfor"er.:. Note the a""eter2 +o!t"eter a$ -att"eter rea$i%s.

Circ1it 2iagra6 !

For S4ort Circ1it Test


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For O>en Circ1it Test

O9ser5ations!FOR S+C+ TEST Rea2 on >ri6ar3 si2e(

S4ort circ1it 5oltage;sc

Rate2 >ri6ar3 c1rrenti+e 71ll loa2 5al1e(

Isc

S4ort circ1it >o?er

Wsc

FOR O+C+TEST Rea2 on >ri6ar3 si2e(

Rate2 in>1t ;oltage;#

No loa2 c1rrentI#

No loa2 >o?erW


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B At f#!! !oa$ a$ j.P.F.

3o!ta%e $ro) Isc Rsc cos^

_ Re%#!atio J"@rVec ?)"

3Vrc* T)%,V)- J"@rVecJ" ;''

E1i5alent circ1it ! Dra- si")!ie$ e5#i+a!et circ#it sho-i%. Ca!c#!ate$+a!#es of a!! )ara"eters o it.

Res1lt !F#!! !oa$ e`ciecy at '. ).f. F#!! !oa$ e`ciecy at j.P.F. F#!! !oa$ re%#!atio at '. !a%%i% ).f. F#!! !oa$ re%#!atio at '. !ea$i% ).f.

F#!! !oa$ re%#!atio at j.P.F. Ro Yo Rsc Ysc ..

*reca1tion!;. A!! the coectios sho#!$ *e )erfect!y ti%ht.. S#))!y sho#!$ ot *e s-itche$ ON #ti! & #!ess the coectios are

chec,e$ *y the teacher.

B. Do ot *e$ -hi!e ta,i% the rea$i%s.=. No !oose -ires sho#!$ !ie o the -or, ta*!e.:. Thic, -ires sho#!$ *e #se$ for c#rret circ#it a$ Qe7i*!e -ires fo

+o!ta%e circ#its.


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Semester: - II



E*ERI%ENT NO+

O9ecti5e (To se)arate resistace a$ i$#ctace of Cho,e & $ acti+e a$ reacti+e

)o-er.

A>>arat1s re1ire2!

S+No+ Na6e Range 1antit3

; AC A""eter '(; A") ; AC 3o!t"eter '(B'' 3 ;B 4att"eter '(B'' 32 ; A ;

= Di""erstat ; )hase2 B' 3 ;: Cho,e B' 32 :' ?2 '.


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T4eor3!A cho,e coi! is a co"*iatio of resistace a$ i$#ctace. These )ara"eter$e)e$ o the sie of -ire2 #"*er of t#rs2 ty)e of core etc. It is #se$ i a+ariety of e5#i)"ets.

4he it is e7cite$ *y DC2 the ratio of a))!ie$ +o!ta%e to c#rret is theresistace of the coi! a$ -he e7cite$ *y AC2 the ratio of +o!ta%e2 c#rret ithe i")e$ace.

*roce21re!; Coect the circ#it as sho- i %#re. Es#re that the $i""erstat is at ero )ositio.B S-itch o ;()hase ac s#))!y.= Icrease the o#t)#t +o!ta%e of the $i""erstat s!o-!y.

: Note $o- the rea$i%s of a""eter2 +o!t"eter a$ -att"eter for +ario#s3a!#es of o#t)#t +o!ta%es of $i""erstat.

O9ser5ation & calc1lation!

Sr+No+

;olt6eterRea2ing

;(

A66eterRea2ing

I(

Watt6eterRea2ing

;ICOS8W(

ResistanceR WI/

M;I L

XVm Z m

LH(

Res1lt!The ca!c#!ate$ +a!#es of resistace2 i$#ctace acti+e )o-er a$ reacti+e )o-er ofcho,e coi! are fo#$ VVVVVVV.

*reca1tions!; A!! coectios sho#!$ *e )erfect!y ti%ht. Do ot s-itch o the s#))!y #ti! a$ #!ess the coectios are chec,e$

*y the teacher.B Es#re the $i""er stat at ero )ositio a$ a!! rheostats to "a7i"#"

resistace )ositio *efore s-itchi% the s#))!y ON.= A+oi$ error $#e to )ara!!e! -hi!e rea$i% the "eters.

: The c#rret Qo-i% thro#%h the rheostat sho#!$ ot e7cee$ their rati%s.


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BEEE LAB Manual 1sem

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