Bell Work: 12/8/14

• Using the Human Body Quest Bell Work packet, complete the questions for lymphatic and immune systems.

• Use the page numbers provided.

You are being timed! You only get 10 minutes to complete

bell work!

Objectives

• Explain the basic functions of a major organ system. (SPI0707.1.3)

41. Lymphatic and Immune Systems (one page)

Lymphatic System (pg. 242-245)

• The lymphatic system is a group of organs and tissues that collect the excess fluid and return it to your blood.

• The fluid (lymph) is a clear, watery fluid that contains protein molecules, salts, and glucose that is carried by the lymphatic vessels and then into the veins of the cardiovascular system.

• The lymphatic system also helps your body fight pathogens.

• A pathogen is an infectious agent, or germ.

Lymphatic System (pg. 242-245)Parts of the Lymphatic System:1. Bone marrow is where most red and

white blood cells, including lymphocytes are produced. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that helps your body fight pathogens.

2. Lymphatic vessels3. Lymph nodes are small bean-shaped

masses of tissue that remove pathogens and dead cells from the lymph.

4. Thymus gland produces T cells (lymphocytes) that surround and destroy pathogens.

5. Spleen stores and produces lymphocytes.

6. Tonsils are masses of lymphatic tissue that help protect your throat and lungs from infection by trapping pathogens.

• BrainPop- Lymphatic

Immune System• The immune system is made up of a network of

cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body.

• The first line of defense is the skin, which protects the body from outside germs.

• White blood cells, also called leukocytes, are part of this defense system.

• Two basic types of these germ-fighting cells:1. Phagocytes- protect the body by ingesting harmful

foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells.

2. Lymphocytes

Immune System• Once the lymphocytes have determined

that a bacterium or virus has entered the body, B cells (produced in bone) produce germ attackers called antibodies.

• Anything that can trigger this immune response, such as bacteria or viruses, is called an antigen.

• An antibody matches an antigen much as a key matches a lock. Whenever antigen and antibody interlock, the antibody marks the antigen for destruction. 

• BrainPop- Immune

MRSA

MRSA is a staph germ (bacteria) that is spread by skin-to-skin contact (touching). A doctor, nurse, other health care provider, or visitors may have staph germs on their body that can spread to a patient.

Once the staph germ enters the body, it can spread to bones, joints, the blood, or any organ, such as the lungs, heart, or brain.

A body’s normal antibody production usually cannot fight off MRSA by itself. MRSA needs to be treated with multiple rounds of antibiotics.

Draining a skin infection may be the only treatment needed for a skin MRSA infection that has not spread.

MucusTears and mucus contain an enzyme that breaks down the cell wall of many bacteria.

Your nose and sinuses make about a quart (about 1 liter) of snot every day.

Mucus has a pretty important job — it protects the lungs. When you breathe in air through your nose, it contains lots of tiny things, like dust, dirt, germs, and pollen. If these made it all the way to the lungs, the lungs could get irritated or infected, making it tough to breathe. Luckily, snot helps trap this stuff, keeping it in the nose and out of the lungs.

Drawings

• For each body system, draw and color at least one organ that belongs in that body system.

• For example:– Lymphatic System = tonsils, thymus, lymph

nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen– Immune System = antigens, antibodies, lock-

and-key

• Use your textbook pictures or the sample sheet in the folder at your group.

Human Body Books

Interesting FactsLymphatic System:• When you have an

infection, your lymph nodes swell because they fill up with lymphocytes that are surrounding and destroying bacteria.

• The small organs which compose lymphatic system are known as lymph nodes. The number of lymph nodes present in our body range from 500 - 700.

Immune System:• It is very important to get

your beauty sleep for at least 8 hours as under 5 hours of sleep can significantly depress the immune functions.

• The body has over 50 million white blood cells that work to protect the body's defense system.