BENEFITS OF THERAPEUTIC MUSIC IN THE CLINICAL SETTING

Bonnie Berk, MS, RN. HNB-BC, CCM

SOUND MEDITATION

ANCIENT SOCIETIES

Horden, P. (Ed.) 2000. Music as medicine : The history of music therapy since antiquity. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.

Plato (428 BC – 348 BC)

“ Music molds character, when modes of music change, the fundamental laws of the state change with them. Music is medicine to the soul. Justice is to the soul as health is to the body. Through music, the soul learns harmony and rhythm and even a disposition to justice.” Kleisiaris CF, Sfakianakis C and Papathanasiou, L Med Ethics Hist Med, 2014, 7:6. Health Care practices in ancient Greece: The Hippocratic Ideal,.

APOLLO: GREEK GOD OF MUSIC AND MEDICINE

Elements of Music Used in Conscious Ways: 1.  Harmony: Evokes spiritual feelings. 2.  Melody: Appeals to emotions/mind. 3.  Rhythm: Influences the body. Holism = MIND + BODY +SPIRIT Carroll, D. 2011. Professor of Music Therapy, Music Department, Universite’ du Quebec a Montreal, Montreal, Quebec. Carroll.debbie@uqam.ca

PYTHAGORAS AND MUSIC

Through music, Pythagoras performed what he called “soul-adjustments”. He discovered: Music is Mathematics Arithmetic= Number in itself Geometry= Number in space Music/Harmonies= Number in time Astronomy= Number in space & time Carroll, D. 2011. Professor of Music Therapy, Music Department, Universite’ du Quebec a Montreal, Montreal, Quebec. Carroll.debbie@uqam.ca

Hall, M.P. The therapeutic value of music including the philosophy of music. Los Angeles, CA: Philosophical Research Society.1982.

VIBRATIONAL MEDICINE

“Within certain subspecialties of conventional medicine, the

groundwork for a shift from the Newtonian pharmacokinetic

approach to an Einsteinian view of pure energetic healing is

presently being formulated. This permutation from conventional

drug and surgical therapy to electromagnetic healing represents the

beginnings of a revolution in consciousness for the medical

profession.” Gerber R. Vibrational Medicine: Third Edition. 2001. Bear & Co. Vermont..p. 91.

! Mechanistic: physical clockwork !  Intricate chemical systems powering a structure of nerve, muscle, flesh and bones.

! Matter as a substance composed of particles of light.

! Wave/particle duality of matter: Holographic energy field.

! Difference between physical matter and etheric matter is difference of frequency.

HU MA N MU LTID IME NS IONA L A NA TOMY

Newtonian Einsteinian

Gerber R. Vibrational Medicine: Third Edition. 2001. Bear & Co. Vermont. p.119 – 121..

CHAKRA ENERGY SYSTEM

MERIDIAN ENERGY SY STEM

THE RESONANT SYSTEM

Your Body Piano

! Trachea, throat, mouth, nasal cavities and sinuses,

! Vocal Chords: Vibrating strings,

! Breath is energy source.

! Hollow, box-like body,

!  Strings vibrate,

! Human hands are energy source.

THE RESONANT SYSTEM

Your Body Piano

Riley L. & Sweeney D. Integrative Anatomy and the Resonant System. Harps for Healing LLC. 2014.

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE RE S ONA NT S Y S TE M?

“ Every body organ and tissue has a frequency or group of frequencies. The human body is an orchestra of harmonic sound. Every organ has an inherent resonance. When one of these gets out of tune, like an orchestra, the entire body suffers.”

Laura Riley, Founder, Harps for Healing LLC

VIBRATIONAL TOOLS

Strong humming for one hour daily to terminate

chronic rhinosinusitis in four days: a case report

Eby, G. Strong humming for one hour daily to terminate chronic rhinosinusitis in four days: a case report and hypothesis for action by stimulation of endogenous nasal nitric oxide production. .Med Hypothesis 2006;66(4):851-4. Epub 2006 Jan 10.

ENTRAINMENT

1. A technique for identifying the slowest pacing  necessary to terminate an arrhythmia, particularly  atrial flutter. 2. The synchronization and control of cardiac  rhythm by an external stimulus. Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. © 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc.

TIMBRE tim·bre  (tim'bĕr, tam'bĕr), The distinguishing quality of a sound,  by which one may determine its source,  for example, type of musical instrument, voice of a person based principally on thedistribution of overtones.

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

HE A LTH B E NE FITS OF MU S IC

! Pain Relief : Siedliecki, SL, Good, M. Effect of music on power, pain, depression and disability.

J Adv Nurs. 2006. Jun:54(5): 553-62.

! Decreases Blood Pressure: Teng XF, Wong, MY, Zhang, YT. The effect of music on

hypertensive patients. Eng Med Biol Soc. 2007.: 4649-51.

! Improves Heart Function: Bernardi, L. Porta C. Sleight P. Cardiovascular,

cerebrovascular and respiratory changes induced by different types of music in musicins and nonmusicians:

the importance of silence. Heart. 2006 Apr:92 (4): 445-52

HE A LTH B E NE FITS OF MU S IC

! Speeds Post-Stroke Recovery: •  Sarkarno T. Tervaniemei M, Laitinen S. et al. Music Listening enhances cognitive recovery

and mood after middle cerebral artery stroke. Brain. 2008. Mar: 131:866-76.

•  Sarkarno T. Ripolles P. Vepsalainen H., et al. Structural changes induced by daily music listening in the recovering brain after middle cerebral artery stroke: a voxel-based morphometry study. Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Apr 17;8:245.

!  Boosts Immunity: •  Kuhn D. The effects of active and passive participation in musical activity on the immune system as

measured by salivary immunoglobulin A. J Music Ther. 2002 Spring: 39 (1):30-9.

•  Le Rouz FH, Bouic PJ. Bester MM. The effect of Gbach’s Magnificent on emotions, immune and endocrine parameters during physiotherapy treatment of patients with infectious lung conditions. J Music Ther. 2007 Summer:44(2):156-68.

MUSIC BENEFITS HEALTH

Medical News Today: March 2013:

“ First large scale review of 400 research papers in the

neurochemistry of music showed that music increases an

antibody that plays an important role in immunity of the

mucous system, known as immunoglobulin A as well as

natural killer cells.” http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articls/258383.php

HIGHLIGHTS FROM REVIEW

!  Listening to music was better than prescription medications in reducing stress

before surgery.

!  People who listened to music had an increase in levels of Immunoglobulin A (IgA).

!  Music listeners had higher numbers of an immune cell type called "natural

killer cells," whose job it is to attack bacteria, infected cells, and cancerous cells.

!  Listening to music reduced levels of cortisol in the body.

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/258383.php

HE A LTH B E NE FITS OF MU S IC

! Postpartum wellbeing: Simavli S, Kaygusuz, I, Gumus, I, et al. Effect of music

therapy during vaginal deliery on postpartum pain relief and mental health. J Affect. Disord. 2014 Mar:

156; 194-9

!  Induces sleep: •  Harmat L. Taka’cs J. Bo’dizs R. Music improves sleep quality in students. J Adv Nurs. 2008

May:62(3): 327-35. •  Lai, HI. Good M. Music improves sleep quality in older adults. J Adv Nurs. 2005 Feb: 49(3):

234-44.

! Decreases depression: Maratos AS. Gold C. Wang X, Crawford MJ. Music Therapy for

depression. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2008 Jan 23"1): CD004517. Review.

RE D U CING A NXIE TY L E VE L S I N C A NC E R PA TI E NTS

American Cancer Society says that music therapy: “ may

be used to encourage emotional expression, promote

social interaction, relieve symptoms, and for other

purposes.” Bradt J. Dileo C. Grocke D. Magill L. Music Interventions for improving psychological and physical

outcomes in cancer patients. Cochrane Database published online Aug. 10, 2011.

Hendrick, B. Music Therapy may ease anxiety of cancer patients. WebMD, Aug 10, 2011.

E FFE C TS OF MU S IC L IS TE NING ON C ORTI S OL L E VE L S

!  2011: Double-blind Study explored effects of instrumental music on

hormonal system, immune system and sedative drug requirements

during surgery.

!  Patients (40) randomly assigned to music group or control

!  Patient of music group had a lower propofol consumption and

lower cortisol levels compared to control group.

Koelsch, Fuermetz, Sack, et al. Effects of music listening on cortisol levels and propofol

consumption during spinal analgesia. Frontiers in Psychology. 2011; 2: 58

 

Live Music Promotes Positive Behaviors in People with Alzheimer's Disease

British Journal of Occupational Therapy November 2014 vol. 77 no. 11556-564 British Journal of Occupational Therapy November 2014 vol. 77 no. 11556-564

Cox E. Nowak M. Buettner P. Live music promotes positive behaviors in people with Alzheimer's Disease. Brit J of Occupational Ther. Nov 2014 77 (11). 556-564.

Pacifier Activated Lullaby (PAL)

Cevasco AM, Grant RE. "Effects of the pacifier activated lullaby on weight gain of premature infants." J Music Therapy, 2005 Summer;42(2):123-39. Whipple J. "The effect of music-reinforced nonnutritive sucking on state of preterm, low birthweight infants experiencing heelstick." J Music Therapy, 2008 Fall;45(3):227-72.

Advantages of Live Music: !  Moment-by-moment flexibility which allows the

music therapist to control the tempo, loudness, and vocal and instrumental quality.

!  Offering the advantage of observing the physiological and behavioral responses of the client and then responding appropriately.

Hunter, BC & Sahler, OJZ. 2006. Music for very young ears. Birth, 33(2), 137-138.

LIVE VS RECORDED MUSIC

Bonnie Berk, RN, MS, HNB-BC, CCM with her Thormahlen harp For more information, contact bonnie@bonnieberk.com / 717.258.4641