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Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

Date post: 22-Jun-2015
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Description:
Lin Engineering and US Digital present stepper motor and encoder feedback selection considerations for motion control applications. We’ll share a case book example highlighting a medical application that required a high torque step motor utilizing an encoder for position feedback. Details of stepper motor and feedback options will be presented along with common terms and a guide to selection and integration.
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Page 1: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 2: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  Selec%ng  a  step  motor  •  Common  step  motor  enhancements  

•  Case  History  •  Benefits  of  an  encoder  •  Encoder  selec%on  

Page 3: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

1.  Maximum  Efficiency    Torque  at  Speed  

2.  Power  Available    Voltage  &  Current  

3.  Common  Issues    Resonance  

  Accuracy  

Page 4: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  Vary  the  voltage  or  the  current  

•  Find  an  opera%ng  speed  

•  Motor  supplier  will  back  calculate  required  torque  

Page 5: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

5  

80  

70  

60  

50  

40  

30  

20  

10  

0  

200   400   600   800   1000   1200  

Speed  (pps,  1  pulse  =  1.8  degree)  

NEW  Opera%ng  Speed  

Lin  Motor  ExisOng  Motor  

Pullo

ut  Torqu

e  (oz-­‐in)  

Maximizing  Torque  @  OperaOng  Speed  

OLD  Opera%ng  Speed  

24VDC,  2.0  Amps/Phase,  Full  Stepping  

Page 6: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

6  

(Varied by motor winding and power)

8   16  0   4   12  2   6   10   14  

80  

70  

60  

50  

40  

30  

20  

10  

0  

We  design  motor’s  max.  efficiency  at  your  opera%ng  speed  

Speed  (RPS)  

Efficien

cy  (%

)  

Page 7: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 8: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

Tips  to  reduce  resonance  •  Change  Voltage  and  Current  •  Change  Iner%a  of  the  load  •  Change  microstepping  

•  Change  to  a  different  motor  

Page 9: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

3709  vs.    

Vibr

atio

n A

mpl

itude

Vibr

atio

n A

mpl

itude

                                 Standard  0.9  

Page 10: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  Vary  Current  or  Voltage  to  find  torque  

•  Every  motor  can  be  maximized  for  best  performance  for  max  efficiency  

•  Reduce  resonance  by  changing  voltage,  current,  microstepping  or  load.  

Page 11: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 12: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  Lower  Speeds  and/or  Higher  Torque-­‐  Gearboxes  

•  Reduce  Resonance-­‐  Dampers  

•  Posi%on  Verifica%on  and  Correc%on-­‐  Encoders  

Page 13: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  When  posi:on  of  motor  must  always  be  maintained  

•  If  a  motor  stall  detec:on  and  ac%on  is  required  

•  Typical  Industries:  •  Medical  •  Solar  •  Semiconductor  

Page 14: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

Background:  

•  Medical  device  used  to  remove  mucus  from  pa%ent  airways  

Requirements:  •  High  holding  torque  •  Accurate  posi%oning  •  Posi%on  feedback  

Page 15: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 16: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•   Mechanical    •   Resolu%on  •   Index  •   Differen%al  vs.  Single  Ended  Output  

Page 17: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 18: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 19: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•   Frame  Size  •   Shac  Diameter  •   Moun%ng  Bolt  Circle  •   Environmental  Considera%ons  

Page 20: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 21: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 22: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 23: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 24: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

One  Cycle  

1   2   4  3  

Quadrature  States  

Page 25: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•   CPR  -­‐  Cycles  Per  Revolu%on  •   PPR  -­‐  Pulses  Per  Revolu%on  •   Example  -­‐  100  CPR  =  400  PPR  

Page 26: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

Output  A  

Output  B  

A  Leads  B  

Page 27: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

Output  A  

Output  B  

B  Leads  A  

Page 28: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  Provide  Direc%on  of  Shac  Rota%on  Informa%on  

•  Enable  4x  Resolu%on  Increase  Over  Disk  CPR  •  Standard  Signals  Regardless  of  Encoder  Mechanical  Package  

Page 29: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 30: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

Output  A  

Output  B  

Index  

Page 31: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

Index  Paeern  

Page 32: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  Once  per  360  Degree  Rota%on  •  Gives  a  Single  Absolute  Loca%on  •  Typically  Used  for  Home  or  Zero  Loca%on  

Page 33: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 34: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

A  

A’  

B  

B’  

Page 35: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

A      

A’      

Index      

Index’      

Page 36: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  High  Electrical  Noise  Immunity  •  Transmijng  Encoder  Signals  Over  a  Long  Distance  

•  Requires  Differen%al  Receiver    

Page 37: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

Output  A  

Output  B  

Index  

Page 38: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  Simple  Interface  Requirements  •  Most  Common  Form  of  Encoder  Output  

•  Short  Distance  Signal  Transmission  

Page 39: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  Mechanical  •  Resolu%on  •  Index    •  Differen%al  vs.  Single  Ended  Output  •  Final  Step  -­‐  Decision  

Page 40: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 41: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 42: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 43: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 44: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

•  Short  Lead  Times  •  Personal  Customer  Service  

•  Great  Value  •  Reliability  •  Custom  Mo%on  Control  Solu%ons  

Page 45: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection
Page 46: Best Practices for Motion Control: Stepper Motor and Encoder Selection

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