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BIOSENSORS:

Guided by:Mr. S.D. VyasAssistant Professor

Submitted by:Shweta Sain

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Evolution of Biosensors:

Analytic Chemistry is the analysis of material samples to gain an understanding of their chemical composition, structure and function.

Spectroscopic analysis Electrochemical analysis

Mass analysis Thermal analysis

Separation science Data Acquisition and analysis

Hybrid techniques

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What is a Biosensor?

A biosensor is an analytic device for the detection of an analyte ; intimately associated with or integrated within a physiochemical transducer or transducing microsystem.

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Elements of a Biosensor:

The biocatalyst (a) converts the substrate to product. This reaction is determined by the transducer (b) which converts it to an electrical signal. The output from the transducer is amplified (c), processed (d) and displayed (e).

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Outline of a Biosensor System:

Principle & Construction

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Outline of a Biosensor System:

Mathematical Basis

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Outline of a Biosensor System:

Application & Data Display

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Basic Characteristics:

BIOSENSORS

LINEARITY

SENSITIVITY SELECTIVITY

RESPONSE TIME

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Classification:

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Recent Trends:

Medical Telesensors Microcantilevers Bioreporters Miniaturized devices

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Lab on a Chip:

Aim of the development of Lab-on-a-chipsystem is performing all stages on a chip.

Lab-on-a system consists of;• Microchanells and micropumps• Sample pretreatment units• Reservoir for probes, substrates, buffers andothers• Detectors- Sampling more then one analyte or sample at thesame time

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•Glucose monitoring in diabetes patients ←historical market driver•Other medical health related targets•Environmental applications e.g. the detection of pesticides and river water contaminants•Remote sensing of airborne bacteria e.g. in counter-bioterrorist activities•Detection of pathogens•Determining levels of toxic substances before and after bioremediation•Detection and determining of organophosphate•Routine analytical measurement of folic acid, biotin, vitamin B12 and pantothenic acid as an alternative to microbiological assay•Determination of drug residues in food, such as antibiotics and growth promoters, particularly meat and honey.•Drug discovery and evaluation of biological activity of new compounds.•Protein engineering in biosensors •Detection of toxic metabolites such as mycotoxins

A promising approach:

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References:

•www.karstenfaehnrich.de•www.jaist.ac.jp•“Biosensor Systems” by www.axiom-j.co.jp•www.ufz.de•“Optical biosensors in drug discovery” by Matthew A. Cooper, www.nature.com•www.lsbu.ac.uk , by K Bruce Jacobson•www.wikipedia.org•http://www.cranfield.ac.uk/biotech/sensors/history.htm•http://www.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/rev29_3/text/biosens.htm•The International Journal on “Biosensors and Bioelectronics”.•Vo-Dinh, T. Alarie, J.P. Isola, N. Landis, D. Wintenberg, A.L. Ericson, M.N. Anal Chem 71, 358–363 (1999).•http://www.pharmainfo.net/reviews/application-nanobiosensors-and-biochips-health-care-review

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Thank you