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BY:- T.KAAVYA (CSE-A

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CONTENTSIntroductionBiomass Resources

Creating Energy from BiomassBiomass Environmental Issues

Advantages and disadvantages of Bio energy

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INTRODUCTIONBionergy is an engine for development ofmankind.It originates from various types of

sources of energy.It comes from agricultural and forestryresidues. The different kinds of energy cropsand plantations are expected for energyproduction of the biomass which is a part ofbio energy.Bioenergy has emerged as a key factor in bothenvironmental and developmental terms . 4

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BIOENERGY CYCLEThroughout the cycle, carbondioxide frombiomass is released back to atmosphere from

the processing plants with little or net additionof carbon to the atmosphere.The energy to drive the cycle comes from thesun and will continue for many generations at astable cost, and without depletion of theresources.

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BIOENERGY CYCLE

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TYPES OF BIOMASS

Fuel biomassFeed biomass

Organic fertilizer biomassFibre biomassChemical biomass

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BIOMASS RESOURCESEnergy Crops

Woody crops Agricultural crops

Waste Products Wood residuesTemperate crop wastes

Tropical crop wastes Animal wastesMunicipal Solid Waste (MSW)Commercial and industrial wastes

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BIO ENERGY CONVERSION

Biomass conversion is of three types. They arethermal conversion,chemical conversion and

biochemical conversion.Conversion technologies may release theenergy in the form of heat or electricity.

That energy may convert into liquid biofuel orcombustible biogas.

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BIOENERGY CONVERSION

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BIOREFINERY A biorefinery is a facility that integratesbiomass conversion processes and equipmentsto produce fuels,power,heat and value addedchemicals from biomass.In future, biorefineries may play a major role inproducing chemicals and materials that are

traditionally produced from petroleum .

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BIOREFINERY CYCLE

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BIOFUELSEthanol

Created by fermentation of starches/sugarsUS capacity of 1.8 billion gals/yr (2005) Active research on cellulosic fermentation

BiodieselOrganic oils combined with alcoholsCreates ethyl or methyl esters

SynGas BiofuelsSyngas (H 2 & CO) converted to methanol, or

liquid fuel similar to diesel 15

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BIODIESEL BUS

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ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Air Quality

Reduce NO x and SO 2 emissionsGlobal Climate Change

Low/no net increase in CO 2

Soil ConservationSoil erosion control, nutrient retention,carbon sequestration, and stabilization ofriverbanks.

Water ConservationBetter retention of water in watershedsBiodiversity and Habitat

Positive and negative changes18

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ADVANTAGES OF

BIOENERGY Help to manage the marsh gas pollution

Improve the air quality Recycle rubbish No greenhouse emission

Reduction of air pollution and acid rain

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DISADVANTAGES OF

BIOENERGY Storage problems for recycled materials.

Cost of transporting and transferring therecycled materials is more .

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CONCLUSIONBioenergy is energy from renewable biologicalsources. It includes biomass,biofuels and the

technical and economical systems surroundingthe utilization and development of bioenergy.Biomass is any organic material which hasstored sunlight in the form of chemical energy.Therefore it is the energy extracted frombiomass, as the biomass is a fuel and thebioenergy is the energy contained in the fuel.

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