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Bioengineering:Engineering Applications For The Real World
CU Science DiscoverySchool and Teacher Programs
Bioengineering is:the biological and medical applications of engineering
principles, practices, tools and technologies
Bioengineering at CU
Bioastronautics Chemical and Biological
Biomedical EngineeringEnvironmental Engineering
Three Activities:Design a Custom Bacteria
Protect That Pill
Alginate Encapsulation
BioengineeringPractice using
engineering design process models in
bioscience applications from the real world
75 Minutes of Activities
Design Process ModelsEngineering is Elementary Design Process
Model
Bacteria Taxonomy
Bacteria Name: Escherichia coliPronunciation: esh-er-i-kia coal-iAbbreviation: E. Coli
Bacteria Raw Materials
Environments: Warm fresh water with temperature limited to 10 to 40 C (50-104 F)
Applications: Sewage, Biological Waste and Simple Organic Compounds
E. coliMobile with Flagella or tails
E. coliCapsule has pila that allow it to form bio-films
E. coliGenetic option to create non-reproducing strains
E. coliEnergy from organic compounds
E. coliReproduction is rapid with option for sterile strains
E. coliHas Pathology, some can cause diseases in people
E. coliMembrane is sensitive to salts, metals & chemicals
Bacteria Name: Dechloromonas aromatica Pronunciation: De-cloro-moan-us aro-mat-icaAbbreviation: D. aromatic
Bacteria Raw Materials
D. aromaticaLimited Mobility with Flagella/Tails
D. aromaticaCapsule cannot tolerate any oxygen
D. aromaticaNo special Genetic features
D. aromaticaEnergy from benzene and perchlorates
D. aromaticaReproduction is very slow and limited
D. aromaticaHas no Pathology, not disease causing
D. aromaticaCell Membrane is salt tolerant
Environments: Soils, deep water and oxygen free environments with average temperatures of 1-32 C (33-90 F)
Applications: Perchlorates (salts used in industry/rocket fuel) and Benzene (a persistent industrial pollutant)
Bacteria Name: Pseudomonas putidaPronunciation: Su-doe-mon-as pu-tee-daAbbreviation: P. putida
Bacteria Raw Materials
Environments: Warm, very well oxygenated salt or fresh water from 20 to 35 C (68-95 F)
Applications: Oil, plastics and oil-based pesticides (Atrazine)
P. putidaFull Mobility with Flagella or tails
P. putidaCell Wall is rigid and resistant to high pressures
P. putidaNo special Genetic features
P. putidaBreaks down oil and plastics for Energy
P. putidaReproduction is rapid in limited environments
P. putidaHas Pathology, some cause diseases in people
P. putidaCell Membrane is very salt and oil tolerant-resistant
Bacteria Name: Nitrosamonas europeaPronunciation: Nitro-samon-as euro-peaAbbreviation: N. europea
Bacteria Raw Materials
Environments: Soils, sewage and fresh water but with very limited temperature ranges of 20-30 C (68-86 F)
Applications: Ammonia and ammonia-based compounds (fertilizers)
N. europeaNo Mobility
N. europeaCell Wall is non-rigid and sensitive to high pressure
N. europeaGenetic option to limit reproduction to 5 life cycles
N. europeaBreaks down ammonia for Energy
N. europeaReproduction is very slow and can be limited
N. europeaHas no Pathology, not disease causing
N. europeaCell Membrane is resistant to nitrogen & organics
Bacteria Name: Deinococcus radiodurans Pronunciation: Dee-no-coch-us radio-dur-ansAbbreviation: D. radiodurans
Bacteria Raw Materials
Environments: Soils, fresh water, extreme temperatures (20-55 C), dry environments but not salts or salt water
Applications: Radioactive Waste, Heavy Metals and Mercury
D. radioduransNo Mobility
D. radioduransCapsule resists heat, cold, light, radiation, but not salts
D. radioduransNo special Genetic features
D. radioduransEnergy from organic and some inorganic chemicals
D. radioduransReproduction is rapid and in extreme environments
D. radioduransHas no Pathology, not disease causing
D. radioduransCell Membrane resists dehydration & chemicals
Narrative: We have a crisis that could make or break a small business in rural Colorado. A small-scale processor of organic foods has found pesticides, specifically Atrazine, in a shipment of soybeans they have already started to process! Their grinding equipment needs to be cleaned up fast so they can get back to work but they cannot just wash the atrazine down the drain. The grinders they used are in a very cold warehouse and have a lot of ‘nooks and crannies” so they need a mobile organism, but not one that can ‘get away’. Most importantly, we have to guarantee that the organism will not stick around after the treatment, cause diseases, or get into the food system!
Design Challenge #1
Design Challenge #1Design Considerations and Environment:
Grinding equipment is contaminated with Atrazine (an oil-based pesticide)
They need limited mobility to get into the small spaces, but not one that can get away!
The warehouse is very cold and has bright lights (high UV light)
The soybeans left behind organic chemicals and Nitrogen compounds
The organisms need to be able to get their energy from organic compounds
Organisms must NOT be able to survive, even for a day, after treatment
The organisms cannot cause diseases in people
3-E EngineeringEffective: Will the proposed solution work well and does it meet ALL of the proposed design specifications?Economic: Is the proposed solution done in a way that maximizes product efficiency and return on investment?Ethical: Can the proposed solution cause any harm to people or systems in the long and short term?
Design Process ModelsEngineering is Elementary Design Process
Model
Design Process ModelsEngineering is Elementary Design Process
Model
Insert Design Process Model Images from:www.engr.ncsu.edu
3-E EngineeringEffective: Will the proposed solution work well and does it meet ALL of the proposed design specifications?Economic: Is the proposed solution done in a way that maximizes product efficiency and return on investment?Ethical: Can the proposed solution cause any harm to people or systems in the long and short term?
Component # of Spoonfuls Fraction
Water 1 1/5
Oil 1 1/5
Flour 3 3/5
Corn Starch 0 0/5
Salt 0 0/5
Sugar 0 0/5
Total 5 5/5ths
Alginate Encapsulation
Polymers are chemical
compounds made from repeating
chains or networks of
smaller compounds called
monomers
Alginate Encapsulation
Insert Images From: http://openwetware.org/wiki/IGEM:IMPERIAL/2009/Encapsulation/Phase2/Alginate_Properties
Bioengineering is:the biological and medical applications of engineering
principles, practices, tools and technologies
Bioengineering at CU
Bioastronautics Chemical and Biological
Biomedical EngineeringEnvironmental Engineering
Bioengineering:Engineering Applications From The Real World
CU Science DiscoverySchool and Teacher Programs