*not in lab manual or text - check website or other source
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BIOL 2401: Lab Practical 2
Lab 12: Structure & Classification of Bone
Microscopic Structure Sectioned Long Bone
1. Osteon (Haversian) System 8. Epiphysis 14. Periosteum
2. Central (Haversian) canal 9. Diaphysis 15. Sharpey's fibers*
3. Perforating (Volkmann’s) canal 10. Epiphyseal line (disk or plate) 16. Medullary cavity
4. Osteocyte 11. Compact (dense) bone 17. Red marrow
5. Lacuna 12. Spongy (cancellous) bone 18. Yellow marrow
6. Canaliculi 13. Hyaline (articulating) cartilage 19. Endosteum
7. Trabeculae
Lab 13: Organization of the Skeleton
20. Axial skeleton
21. Appendicular skeleton
Differentiate between left and right
Lab 14: The Skull
Cranium
22. Frontal bone 36. Temporal bone (2) 50. Sphenoid sinus
23. Frontal sinus 37. Squamosal suture 51. Orbital fissure
24. Supraorbital foramen 38. External acoustic meatus 52. Optic canal
25. Supraorbital ridge* 39. Mandibular fossa 53. Lateral pterygoid plate
26. Glabella* 40. Mastoid process 54. Medial pterygoid plate
27. Parietal bone (2) 41. Styloid process 55. Ethmoid bone
28. Sagittal suture 42. Carotid canal 56. Crista galli
29. Coronal suture 43. Jugular foramen 57. Cribriform plate
30. Occipital bone 44. Internal acoustic meatus 58. Perpendicular plate
31. Lambdoidal suture 45. Zygomatic process 59. Ethmoid sinus
32. Foramen magnum 46. Sphenoid bone 60. Superior nasal concha
33. Occipital condyles 47. Sella turcica 61. Middle nasal concha
34. Ext. Occipital protuberance* 48. Greater wing 62. Inferior Nasal concha
35. Sutural bone 49. Lesser wing
Facial bones
63. Maxillary bones 72. Lacrimal bone 81. Mandibular notch*
64. Maxillary sinus 73. Nasal bone 82. Mental foramen
65. Palantine process 74. Vomer bone 83. Mandibular symphysis*
66. Alveolar fossa* 75. Mandible 84. Alveolar fossa*
67. Infraorbital foramen 76. Body 85. Hyoid
68. Palatine bone 77. Ramus
69. Zygomatic bone 78. Mandibular angle*
70. Temporal process 79. Mandibular condyle
71. Zygomatic arch 80. Coronoid process
*not in lab manual or text - check website or other source
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Lab 15: Vertebral Column & Thoracic Cage
Parts of vertebrae Parts of ribs
86. Body 100. Thoracic vertebrae (12) 111. Head
87. Spinous process 101. Costal facets 112. Neck
88. Vertebral foramen 102. Lumbar vertebrae (5) 113. Tubercle
89. Vertebral arch 103. Sacrum (5 fused) 114. Shaft
90. Transverse process 104. Median sacral crest 115. Costal groove
91. Facets (superior & inferior) 105. Transverse ridge * Types of ribs
92. Intervertebral disc 106. Sacral foramen 116. True (vertebrosternal) 7 pair
93. Intervertebral foramen 107. Sacral canal 117. False (vertebrochondral) 3 pair
94. Cervical vertebrae (7) 108. Articular surface (sacroiliac 118. False Floating (vertebral) last 2
95. Transverse foramen joint) 119. Intercostal space*
96. Bifid process 109. Sacral hiatus
97. Atlas (1st) 120. Sternum
98. Axis (2nd) 110. Costal (rib) (12 pairs) 121. Manubrium
99. Dens (odontoid process) 122. Sternal notch
123. Clavicular notch
124. Sternal angle
125. Body
126. Xiphoid process
Lab 16: Pectoral Girdle & Upper Limb
Pectoral Girdle Upper Arm
127. Clavicle 138. Humerus 156. Ulna
128. Scapula 139. Head 157. Trochlear notch
129. Spine 140. Neck 158. Radial notch
130. Inferior angle 141. Greater tubercle 159. Olecranon process
131. Acromion process 142. Lesser tubercle 160. Coronoid process
132. Coracoid process 143. Intertubercular groove 161. Styloid process
133. Glenoid cavity 144. Deltoid tuberosity 162. Head
134. Supraspinous fossa 145. Capitulum 163. Carpals (8)
135. Infraspinous fossa 146. Trochlea 164. Manus (hand)
136. Subscapular fossa* 147. Medial epicondyle 165. Metacarpals (15)
137. Scapular notch 148. Lateral epicondyle 166. Phalanges (15)
149. Coronoid fossa 167. Proximal
150 Olecranon fossa 168. Medial
151. Radius 169. Distal
152. Head 170. Pollex = 1
153. Radial tuberosity
154. Styloid process
155. Ulnar notch
*not in lab manual or text - check website or other source
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Lab 17: Pelvic Girdle & Lower Limb
171. Coxal (hip) bone 186. Femur 200. Patella 211. Tarsals (7)
172. Ilium 187. Head 201 Tibia 212. Talus
173. Iliac crest 188. Fovea capitis 202. Medial condyles 213. Calcaneus
174. Iliac fossa 189. Neck 203. Lateral condyles 214. Metatarsals (15)
175. Greater sciatic notch 190. Greater trochanter 204. Intercondylar eminence* 215. Phalanges (15)
176. Post. sup. iliac spine 191. Lesser trochanter 205. Tibial tuberosity 216. Proximal
177. Ant. sup. iliac spine 192. Gluteal tuberosity 206. Anterior crest 217. Medial
178. Ischium 193. Linea aspera 207. Medial malleolus 218. Distal
179. Ischial tuberosity 194. Lateral condyle 208. Fibula 219. Hallux = 1
180. Ischial spine 195. Medial condyle 209. Head
181. Lesser sciatic notch 196. Lateral epicondyle 210. Lateral malleolus
182. Pubis 197. Medial epicondyle
183. Pubic symphysis 198. Intercondylar fossa
184. Acetabulum 199. Patellar surface
185. Obturator foramen
74
79
80
82 82
108
176