BIOLOGYBIOLOGY

The Study of The Study of LifeLife

Bio = LifeBio = Life Logy = Study ofLogy = Study of

OrganismOrganism

Anything that possesses all of the Anything that possesses all of the characteristics of life.characteristics of life.

All living things:All living things:

have an orderly have an orderly structure (made of structure (made of cells)cells) produce offspringproduce offspring

grow and developgrow and develop

adjust to changes in the environment adjust to changes in the environment (Adapt)(Adapt)

Characteristics of Living ThingsCharacteristics of Living Things

SpeciesSpecies

A group of organisms that can interbreed A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce and produce fertilefertile offspring in nature. offspring in nature.

Hypothesis Vs. TheoryHypothesis Vs. Theory

HypothesisHypothesis: An : An explanation for a explanation for a problem that can problem that can be tested by be tested by experimentation. experimentation.

(An educated (An educated guess, what you guess, what you think will think will happen)happen)

TheoryTheory: Has : Has been tested been tested repeatedly by repeatedly by experimentation experimentation and has been and has been proven to be proven to be true.true.

TheoryTheory

Can a theory ever be proven Can a theory ever be proven wrong??wrong??

YESYES

Scientific MethodScientific Method

Steps used to gather information Steps used to gather information and solve problems.and solve problems.

7 Steps7 Steps

1. Observe a problem.1. Observe a problem. 2. Collect information2. Collect information 3. Develop a hypothesis.3. Develop a hypothesis. 4. Experiment4. Experiment 5. Collect and analyze data5. Collect and analyze data 6. Form a conclusion.6. Form a conclusion. 7. Repeat to verify7. Repeat to verify

Parts of an ExperimentParts of an Experiment

Experimental Set-upExperimental Set-up: The part of : The part of the experiment that contains the the experiment that contains the variable tested.variable tested.

Control Set-upControl Set-up: The part of the : The part of the experiment that does NOT experiment that does NOT contain the variable (used as a contain the variable (used as a comparison) comparison)

Parts of an Experiment Parts of an Experiment cont…cont… Independent Variable:Independent Variable: The The

CAUSE.CAUSE. What What II change about the change about the experiment. Usually time when experiment. Usually time when graphed. Located on the graphed. Located on the XX axis. axis.

Dependent Variable:Dependent Variable: The EFFECT. The EFFECT. What you count, measure or What you count, measure or observe. Located on the observe. Located on the yy axis. axis.

Parts of an experiment Parts of an experiment Cont…Cont… Constants:Constants: The parts of an The parts of an

experiment that are kept the experiment that are kept the same in both the contol set-up same in both the contol set-up and experimental set-up.and experimental set-up.

Types of InformationTypes of Information

QualitativeQualitative: Does : Does not use numbers. not use numbers. Usually based on Usually based on observation.observation.

QuantitativeQuantitative: : Uses numbers. Uses numbers. What is counted What is counted or measured.or measured.

International System International System of Measurements. (SI of Measurements. (SI units)units)

SI Base Units

Measurement Unit Symbol

Length meter m

Mass kilogram kg

Time second s

Temperature Celsius c

Volume (liquid) Liter l

Cubic centimeter

Volume (solid) cc