[email protected] ENGR-22_Lec-05_AdvanCmd-1.ppt 1 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 –...

[email protected] • ENGR-22_Lec-05_AdvanCmd-1.ppt1

Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics

Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer

[email protected]

Engineering 22

AutoCADAutoCAD©© Advanced Advanced Cmds-1Cmds-1



Learning GoalsLearning Goals

Use the ACAD “Osnap” tools to facilitate point selection

Use ACAD “Grips” to facilitate entity modification

Create and Use ACAD “Blocks” Create & Modify ACAD “Layers” Understand the Use of ACAD

“Attributes”



Object Snap → OsnapObject Snap → Osnap Object Snaps (Osnaps for short) are

drawing AIDS that are used in conjunction with other commands to help you accurately Select Entity-Points

Osnaps allow you to snap onto a specific object location when you are picking a point. • For example, using Osnaps allows you to

accurately pick the END-POINT of a line or the CENTER of a circle.



Osnap UtilityOsnap Utility Osnaps in AutoCAD are EXTREMELY useful

in that they allow the Designer to QUICKLY construct Accurate Entities

Osnap ToolBar

Osnap Toggle



Osnap DialogsOsnap Dialogs Activate the Osnap

menu by Ctrl+[right-click]

Osnap Settings

Suggest No Change



Osnap → EndpointOsnap → Endpoint

The Endpoint Osnap snaps to the end points of lines and arcs and to polyline vertices. • This is one of the most useful Osnaps

Invocation. • Tool Bar: EndPt icon (Above)

• Pull-down: Shift + Right Click Endpoint

• Keyboard: END (when selecting objects)



Osnap → Snap FromOsnap → Snap From

Snap From HiLites typical “Osnap Points” on the selected entity • Essentially IDs modification “handles” or

“grips”

Invocation. • Tool Bar: Snap From

icon

• Pull-down: Shift + Right Click From

• Keyboard: FRO or FROM (when picking)

Snap-From Handles Activated



Osnap → MidPointOsnap → MidPoint

Midpoint Osnap snaps to the middle of lines and arcs and to the midpoint of polyline segments. • Another VERY Helpful command

Invocation. • Tool Bar: Midpoint icon

• Pull-down: Shift + Right Click Midpoint

• Keyboard: MID (when picking)



Osnap → IntersectionOsnap → Intersection

Intersection Osnap snaps to the physical intersection of any two drawing objects; i.e., where lines, arcs or circles etc. cross each other)

Invocation. • Tool Bar: Intersection icon

• Pull-Down:Shift + Right Click Intersection

• Keyboard: INT (when picking)



Osnap → Apparent INTOsnap → Apparent INT

Apparent Intersection snaps to the point where objects APPEAR to intersect in the current view.

Invocation. • Tool Bar: Apparent INT icon

• Pull-Down:Shift + Right Click Apparent Intersect

• Keyboard:APP or APPINT (when picking)



Osnap → CenterOsnap → Center

Center Osnap snaps to the center of a circle, arc or polyline arc segment. • The cursor must pass over the

circumference of the circle or the arc to Find the Center

Invocation. • Tool Bar: Center icon

• Pull-Down: Shift + Right Click Center

• Keyboard:CEN (when picking)



Osnap → PerpendicularOsnap → Perpendicular

Perpendicular Osnap snaps to a point which forms a perpendicular with the selected object • Normal: FROM-pt, TO-entity

• Deferred: FROM-entity, TO-pt Invocation.

• Tool Bar: Perpend icon

• Pull-Down:Shift + Right Click Perpendicular

• Keyboard:PER or PERP (when picking)



Osnap → TangentOsnap → Tangent

Tangent Osnap snaps to a tangent point on a circle or arc • Normal: FROM-pt, TO-circ/arc

• Deferred: FROM-circ/arc, TO-pt

Invocation. • Tool Bar: Tangent icon

• Pull-Down: Shift + Right Click Tangent

• Keyboard:TAN (when picking)



Osnap → NearestOsnap → Nearest

Nearest Osnap snaps to the nearest point on a drawing object. • NEA is useful if you want to make sure that

a pick point lies on a drawing object but the Exact Location is Unimportant

Invocation. • Tool Bar: Nearest icon

• Pull-Down: Shift + Right Click Nearest

• Keyboard:NEA or NEAR (when picking)



Osnap → QuadrantOsnap → Quadrant

Quadrant Osnap snaps to one of the four circle quadrant points located at north, south, east and west; or 90°, 270°, 0° and 180° respectively

Invocation. • Tool Bar: Quadrant icon

• Pull-Down:Shift + Right Click Quadrant

• Keyboard: QUA or QUAD (when picking)



GripsGrips

Quickly ID’s important points on Drawing Entities

Act as “Handles” for MOVING or MODIFYING the Entity

• Activate Grips by clicking on the Entities One at time

– No Active Command needed

– DeActive Grips w/ Esc Key



Grip → MoveGrip → Move Grips → Move

• Pick the CENTER Grip point

• Mouse-Drag to Move

Note that the HeptaGon Does NOT have a Center Grip and Thus cannot be Grip-Dragged



Grip → StretchGrip → Stretch Grips → Stretch

• Pick an EDGE Grip point

• Mouse-Drag to stretch



Grip → ScaleGrip → Scale Grips → Scale

• Pick an Edge Grip Point

• Right-Click the Grip to invoke the PullDown Menu– Select Scale

• Drag the Grip Handle to Increase Scale



Grip → MirrorGrip → Mirror Grips → Mirror

• Pick an Edge Grip Point

• Right-Click the Grip to invoke the PullDown Menu– Select Mirror

• Drag the Grip Handle to To Create “Mirror” Line

• Left-Click to Make Mirror Image



AutoCAD BlocksAutoCAD Blocks

A Block is a COLLECTION of all of the line and arc entities that create an object, Grouped & “Frozen” together to make ONE selectable object• Selecting one particular entity (such as a

midpoint of a line for example) will select ALL objects contained within the block.

• Blocks can be moved, rotated, mirrored etc and will always be treated by Autocad as a SINGLE Object



Block Creation → ExampleBlock Creation → Example We’re Making an

electrical Schematic for ENGR43 and we need to use the Symbol for a polarized capacitor:• Many times

• On Several Drawings

Plan to speed the Circuit Design Process → Make a Block for the Cap Symbol:



Insert BlockInsert Block With the Cap-Block

in-hand, can easily insert it whenever needed

Activate the INSERT Dialog Box by one of• Command Line

PullDown Menu

INSERT Dialog Box



Insert Block Insert Block contcont

Click Browse

Click OK to Activate On-Screen Insertion Find the insertion Point on Screen and

then click to complete insertion

From List Pick Cap

Note the Options list• Insertion point

• Scale

• Rotation

• Block Unit

In this case accept Defaults



Block: Scale & RotateBlock: Scale & Rotate



Explode BlockExplode Block Explode command

“UNblocks" single objects back to their constituent parts • i.e., the command

returns blocks back to their individual component parts

Invocation

NONexploded Block

• Note the Single Grip at the INSERTION Pt

EXploded Block

• Grips for EVERY COMPONENT



WBlock (“Write” Block)WBlock (“Write” Block) Blocks made in a

given Dwg are part of the that Particular .dwg File• i.e., the Block is NOT

available to other Drawings

To make a Block “Globally” Available use the WBLOCK KeyBd Command

Wblock Dialog Box



WBlock (“Write” Block) WBlock (“Write” Block) contcont

Independent FileName

Return to Wblock Dialog Box, Click OK




Confirm the Write• Select the Block,

then hit Enter ()

Insert the Wblock into another Dwg Use INSERT to Activate Dialog Box




Find the Block FileName with the Std Windows box

Select the FileName then Click Open

• Note that ENTIRE DRAWINGS Can be Inserted withWBLOCK



All Done for TodayAll Done for Today

Some Blocksfrom my

Practice-Days



Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer

[email protected]

Engr/Math/Physics 25

AppendiAppendixx

6972 23 xxxxf



Construct Cap BlockConstruct Cap Block

The LineWork Progression



Build Cap-BlockBuild Cap-Block

Pull-Downs, and Dialog-Boxes

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