+

Bone Markings and Joints

+Do Now

Quiz Corrections Questions pg. 173

+Objective

Explore the joints of the body Arthro-

Of a joint; relating to the joint EXAMPLE: Arthritis? Inflammation of the joint

+Functions

Joints have 2 functions Hold bones together Allow for flexibility

Structural classification Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial

+Functional Classification

Synarthorotic Joints Amphirarthrotic Joints Diarthrotic Joints

+Synarthrotic Joints

Immovable Joints Joints of the skull Sutures of the flat bones that make up the skull

+Amphirarthrotic Joints

Slightly Movable Joints Vertebrae

Don’t have full motion but provide enough motion with in the back

+Diarthrotic Joints

Freely moveable Shoulders Hips Knees Elbows

Lubricated for joint movement Synovial fluid

+Diarthrotic Joints

Ball and Socket Joints Hip and shoulder Shoulder is relatively unstable

Golf ball on a golf tee

Hinge Joint What do you think of with a hinge? 1 plane of movement Elbow joint

+Diarthrotic Joints

Pivot What does it mean to pivot? Allows for rotational movement

Atlas and axis vertebrae

Saddle Concave/convex articulation

Cowboy sitting on a saddle Biaxial Movement in 2 planes, no rotation

Thumb joint Caropometacarpal joint

+Fibrous Joints

Bones joined by fibrous tissue Some are slightly moveable, most are synarthrotic (no

movement) Sutures – bones interlock and are connected by short

tissue fibers EX: Skull joints

+Cartilaginous Joints

Articulating ends connected by cartilage For the most part, these joints are slightly moveable

EX: Intervertebral joints

+Synovial Joints

Articulating bones are separated by joint cavity containing synovial fluid

Movements vary from 1 axis to multiaxial All synovial joints contain:

Joint surface enclosed by 2 layer articular capsule Outer part of the capsule is a dense fibrous connective

tissue. Lines inside by synovial membrane Articulating surfaces lined with articular cartilage Articular capsule reinforced with ligaments, bursae or

tendon sheaths

+Homework

Read pg. 114 from the packet about “Movements Allowed by Synovial Joints” Understand diagrams on pg. 115

Complete pg. 117 from packet