American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages Books Received Source: The Slavic and East European Journal, Vol. 22, No. 4 (Winter, 1978), pp. 559-562 Published by: American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/307698 . Accessed: 10/06/2014 01:29 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Slavic and East European Journal. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 188.72.96.104 on Tue, 10 Jun 2014 01:29:26 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Transcript
American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages
Books ReceivedSource: The Slavic and East European Journal, Vol. 22, No. 4 (Winter, 1978), pp. 559-562Published by: American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European LanguagesStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/307698 .
Accessed: 10/06/2014 01:29
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].
.
American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages is collaborating with JSTOR todigitize, preserve and extend access to The Slavic and East European Journal.
http://www.jstor.org
This content downloaded from 188.72.96.104 on Tue, 10 Jun 2014 01:29:26 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
(in riddles) (lit., 'jumi's cone-shaped rick'); koirat ovat jumissa 'the dogs have stuck together (during copulation)' (lit., 'the dogs are in jumi'); jumin makuu 'copulation' (lit., jumi's sleep'); Estonian jumm 'bundle of flax tied together at one end (ten handfuls).' The Finnish-Estonian jumi, jumm thus means 'two things or beings joined together; bundle of flax; rick; divinity which gives wedding luck.'
A comparison of the Balto-Finnic jumi, jumm and Latvian Jumis reveals that they are semantically very close. The basic meaning of both is 'two things attached to each other or grown together; a sheaf of grain or bundle of flax; a divinity that secures luck.' Condidering the near-identity of their form and meaning and the fact that the Balto-Finnic word has no demonstrable cognates, we can conclude that the latter belongs to the ancient borrowings from Baltic. A detailed study of Balto-Finnic jumi, jumm may cast further light on the semantic development of Latvian Jumis.
Neuland's work bears clear signs of haste. References are made to certain sections of the book, which, when consulted, do not offer the promised information. For example, Neuland states "Bei der Analyse der lettischen und besonders der litauischen Volksilberlieferungen wurde sichtbar, dass mit den zusammengewachsenen Pflanzen, besonders den Friichten, Ahren, Halmen, u.a. eine Glaubensvorstellung verbunden ist" (116). In the section referred to no information on Lithuanian plants, fruits, and other vegetation being grown together is found. That these ideas were really known to the Lithuanians is confirmed by other sources (S. Dovkont). Concerning the etymology of the term Jumis, Neuland writes: "Wir haben bereits in der Einleitung bei der Betrachtung der Etymologie des Wortes Jumis dara'uf hingewiesen, dass es keinerlei Beziehung zu Yami und Yamu gibt, weder etymologisch noch inhaltlich .. ." (91). Alas, the terms Yami and Yamu have not been mentioned in the introduction nor anywhere else. Neuland's discussion of the Lithuanian boba, bazba 'woman' is unclear; this figure is inter- preted as a cofn spirit anchored in the indigenous customs and practices (43, 45), while elsewhere) it is seen as being a pedagogic fict (120, 124).
An illustration of Jumis is given (52) with the following caption: "Raink 121: Die letzten Ahren (Jumis)." This illustration has been reproduced from Professor Gustav Rink's study "Einige Beobachtungen iiber die wotischen Erntebriuche," Annales Societatis Litterarum Es- tonicae in Svecia, Vol. 4 (1966). It depicts the Votic "The Beard of the Year"-the stalks of rye, the ears of which are tied in a knot toward the end of the harvest. Neuland fails to mention the Votes, but presents this illustration as depicting the Latvian Jumis.
There are too many misprints in the book. For instance, in seven lines of notes (20, notes 25-27) there are seven misprints and mistakes.
All in all, Neuland's work, obviously researched and written overhastily, does not con- tribute to our knowledge of the Baltic Jumis or their fertility cult.
Felix J. Oinas, Indiana University
BOOKS RECEIVED
Felicity Ashbee and Irina Tidmarsh, trs. The Central Committee Resolution and Zhdanov's Speech on the Journals "Zvezda" and "Leningrad". Royal Oak, Mich.: Strathcona, 1978. 72 pp., $9.00 (cloth), $3.00 (paper) [Russian-English bilingual edition.]
Thomas E. Berry. Plots and Characters in Major Russian Fiction. Vol. 2. Gogol ', Goncharov, Dostoevskii. Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1978. xii, 265, $17.50.
Jerome Blum. The End of the Old Order in Rural Europe. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1978. xiii, 505, $27.50 (cloth), $12.50 (paper). [Includes 1 map, 19 illustrations.]
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Anton Chekhov. Plays. Tr., ed., and introd. Eugene K. Bristow. (Norton Critical Editions.) New York: W.W. Norton, 1977. xxxii, 412, $4.95 (paper). [Includes essays by Chekov and critics.]
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Mircea Eliade. The Forbidden Forest. Tr. MacLinscott Ricketts and Mary Park Stevenson. Notre Dame: Univ. of Notre Dame Press, 1978. xv, 596, $18.95.
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