Nibel Muhammed CPS5 0091-8943307844

Investigation Methods…?’

History…..

Lie detectors

Hypnotism

Narco-analysis

A Lie Detector

Using Pulse Using BP Using heart rate

Lie Detector (Polygraph)

One question every 20-25 sec, polygraph chart recorded in 3-4 minutes

Repetition of same test to check error Experienced polygraph examiner can

correctly detect truth / lie in 80- 90% Offenders, suspects, complainants,

witnesses, & informants examined Useful in civil cases too

Narcoanalysis (Truth serum)

Close to unconsciousness, the subject is Mentally incapable of resistance to

questioning Incapable of inventing lies to conceal guilt Looses inhibition & becomes talkative Depresses CNS, BP, slows heart rate Susceptible to suggestion & reveals

repressed feelings/ memories

Hypnotism

Partially unconscious.

Suspect doesn’t know what he says.

Absent mind speaks rather than being alive.

A new tech

nology is im

plemented

mainly in th

e field of forensic

science

Brain Finger Printing

WHAT IS THIS?

Brain Fingerprinting is a controversial proposed investigative technique that measures recognition of familiar stimuli by measuring electrical brain wave responses to words, phrases, or pictures that are presented on a computer screen.

Introduction:

Brain Fingerprinting was developed and patented in 1995 by Lawrence A. Farwell.

Is based on the theory that throughout any action, the brain plans, records, and executes all of the actions.

"Brain Fingerprinting" is a controversial forensic science technique that determines whether specific information is stored in a subject’s brain.

The “ DEFINITION “

Brain Fingerprinting is designed to determine whether an individual recognizes specific information related to an event or activity by measuring electrical brain wave responses to words, phrases, or pictures presented on a computer screen.

Requirements

A personal Computer(Pentium iv,1gHz) Data Acquisition board Two monitors Head band A EEG amplifier Software for Data acquisition Some electrodes

Data Acquisition board

EEG amplifier

This is to be connected with the system

Data acquisition software

Head Band with sensors

This is to be Fixed

Yellow colored are sensors

Operation and im

plementation

Information is absent Information is present

Technique:

electrical signal known as P300 is emitted from an individual’s brain beginning approximately 300 milliseconds after it is confronted with a stimulus of special significance.

The application of this in brain fingerprinting is to detect the P300 as a response to stimuli.

Continued… The system does not require the subject to issue

verbal responses to questions or stimuli.

Brain fingerprinting uses cognitive brain responses, brain fingerprinting does not depend on the emotions of the subject, nor is it affected by emotional responses.

The person to be tested wears a special headband with electronic sensors that measure the EEG from several locations on the scalp.

Continued… The subject views stimuli consisting of

words, phrases, or pictures presented on a computer screen. Stimuli are of three types: 1) “irrelevant” stimuli that are irrelevant to the

investigated situation and to the test subject, 2) “target” stimuli that are relevant to the

investigated situation and are known to the subject,

3) “probe” stimuli that are relevant to the investigated situation and that the subject denies knowing.

ELECTRO-ENCEPHALOGRAPHY: Electroencephalography (EEG) is the

measurement of electrical activity produced by the brain as recorded from electrodes placed on the scalp.

scalp EEG is collected from tens to hundreds of electrodes positioned on different locations at the surface of the head.

EEG signals (in the range of mili-volts) are amplified and digitalized for later processing.

Electrodes fixed and channels

Source of EEG Activity: Scalp EEG activity oscillates at multiple

frequencies having different characteristic spatial distributions associated with different states of brain functioning such as waking and sleeping.

These oscillations represent synchronized activity over a network of neurons.

Method of EEG: Scalp EEC, the recording is obtained by placing

electrodes on the scalp.

Each electrode is connected to one input of a differential amplifier and a common system reference electrode is connected to the other input of each differential amplifier.

In digital EEC systems. the amplified signal is digitized via an analog-to-digital converter, after being passed through an anti-aliasing filter.

P300: The P300 (P3) wave is an event related

potential (ERP) which can be recorded via electroencephalography (EEG) as a positive deflection in voltage.

The P300 signal is an aggregate recording from a great many neurons.

P300 waveform must be evoked using a stimulus delivered by one of the sensory modalities.

Terry Harington case

On the morning of july 1997 John Schweer, retired police officer was seen dead.

Terry was arrested.

CURRENT USES AND APPLICATIONS:

The various applications are as follows:Test for several forms of employment,

especially in dealing with sensitive military and foreign intelligence screening.

Individuals who were “information present” and “information absent”

A group of 17 FBI agents and 4 non-agents were exposed to stimuli.

CURRENT USES AND APPLICATIONS:

To detect symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, Mental Depression and other forms of dementia including neurological disorders.

Criminal cases. Counter-Terrorism Security Testing

BRAIN FINGERPRINTING IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS:

The application of Brain Fingerprinting testing in a criminal case involves four phases: investigation, interview, scientific testing, and adjudication.

The first phase is undertaken by a skilled investigator

The second by an interviewer Only the third one is in the domain of science. Fourth by a judge and jury.

Medical Applications:

With early diagnosis, the progression of Alzheimer's symptoms can often be delayed through medications and dietary and lifestyle changes.

Researcher has now demonstrated that analysis of the P300 brainwave can show dementia onset and progression.

MERMER technology, developed and patented by Brain Fingerprinting Laboratories

LIMITATIONS: It does not detect how that information got there.

Brain fingerprinting detects only information, and not intent.

Where the suspect knows everything that the investigators can ask.

Authorities have no information about what crime may have taken place.

CONCLUSION:

Brain Fingerprinting is a revolutionary new scientific technology for solving crimes, identifying perpetrators, and exonerating innocent suspects, with a record of 100% accuracy in research with US government agencies, actual criminal cases, and other applications.

Reference

www.wikipedia.com www.slideshare.com www.brainwavescience.com For more info

contact: nibelmd@gmail.com

8943307844