Brussels December 5,20021 New Technologies and Airport Management Presented by Cesare Bernabei...

Brussels December 5,2002 1

New Technologies New Technologies

and and

Airport ManagementAirport Management

Presented byPresented by

Cesare BernabeiCesare Bernabei

Università di PiacenzaUniversità di Piacenza

&&

Politecnico di MilanoPolitecnico di Milano

22-23 January 200422-23 January 2004


The Air Transport SystemThe Air Transport System

Is growing steadily since the last ten years Is growing steadily since the last ten years and it is expected to do so and it is expected to do so

Despite the 9/11 eventDespite the 9/11 event

for the next twenty yearsfor the next twenty years


1997

DIVISION DED 4 - 4/11/97

7.0 Mio Flights 8.0 Mio Flights

11.9 Mio Flights 15.8 Mio Flights

2000

2010 2020

Traffic DensityTraffic Density


The Single Sky InitiativeThe Single Sky Initiative

Through its Regulations onThrough its Regulations on

Organisation and Use of the AirspaceOrganisation and Use of the Airspace

Provision of Air Navigation ServicesProvision of Air Navigation Services

Interoperability of the European Air Traffic Interoperability of the European Air Traffic Management Network Management Network

will provide the new frame for the will provide the new frame for the European AirspaceEuropean Airspace


AlthoughAlthough

airports are not directly airports are not directly part of the Single part of the Single

European Sky European Sky

initiative….initiative….


So….So….

What can Technology do in order What can Technology do in order to reduce the risk that airports to reduce the risk that airports

become the bottleneck of the civil become the bottleneck of the civil aviation system?aviation system?


Approach and Landing OperationsApproach and Landing Operations

Airports Air-side and Land-side Airports Air-side and Land-side Optimisation Optimisation

Advanced Surface Movement Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control SystemGuidance and Control System

or or A-SMGCSA-SMGCS

RESEARCH AREASRESEARCH AREAS


Let’s take a mid-size airportLet’s take a mid-size airport


PraguePrague

RuzyneRuzyne

AirportAirport


Is the flight endedIs the flight ended

whenwhen

the aircraft has landed?the aircraft has landed?


Final A

pproach report (from

Surveillance)

Landing report(from

Surveillance)

Apron entrance report(from

Surveillance)

Final Approach Rwy Twy Apron

Gate / S

tand

Runw

ay safety area

Groundcontroller

Aproncontroller

Tower controllerApproach controller

Aircraft sequenced

(from A

rrival Manager)

30 minutes

before touch down

Landingclearance

Taxiclearance

ACC

Exitproposal

Final Phases of FlightFinal Phases of Flight


Control Control TowersTowers


From the Control TowerFrom the Control Tower

On a bright dayOn a bright day


From the Control TowerFrom the Control Tower

On a foggy dayOn a foggy day


What the controller What the controller do in such conditions?do in such conditions?

Picks up the R/T and Picks up the R/T and call the aircraftcall the aircraft

However,However, now the now the technology can assist technology can assist him/her in the jobhim/her in the job


Research & Development Activities at Research & Development Activities at DG-TRENDG-TREN

Since 1994, the Directorate for TransportSince 1994, the Directorate for Transport

has supported R&D Activities in the field of has supported R&D Activities in the field of

A-SMGCSA-SMGCS or or

Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control SystemsControl Systems


The Ground ControllerThe Ground Controller

Day, Day, night, in night, in

fogfog

or...or...


The requirements

“An Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS) is expected to provide adequate capacity and safety in relation to the specific weather conditions, traffic density and aerodrome layout by use of modern technologies and a high level of integration between the various functionality.”1

1: ICAO - Draft MANUAL OF A-SMGCS, 2001


GroundGround

ControllerController

AircraftAircraft

VehiclesVehiclesObstaclesObstacles

SurveillanceSurveillance ControlControlRouting/Routing/

PlanningPlanningGuidanceGuidance

A-SMGCSA-SMGCS

ATC SystemsATC Systems Airport SystemsAirport Systems Airline SystemsAirline SystemsExternal SystemsExternal Systems

The A-SMGCS EnvironmentThe A-SMGCS Environment


Demonstrator’s Functional Architecture

Controller HMI

Controller

Planning/routing

Monitoring/Control

Surveillance

Other planning

Traffic Objects Pilot HMI

Guidance

Flight plans

Sensors

Guidance means

Pilot

AIRPORT-G

ARAMIS

MANTEA

MANTEA

DAFUSA

MANTEA

DAFUSA

AIRPORT-G

ATHOS

DA VINCI


Surveillance

An adequate set of Sensors

provides the controller with a complete knowledge of all movements including identification of any object


Surveillance DisplaySurveillance Display

Controller Controller Working Working PositionPosition


Control

Provides the controller with an alert in case of events like

• crossing runways

• restricted areas incursion

• separation criteria infringement


Control

Runway Runway Incursion Incursion

AlertAlert


On-board guidance tested through:

•Guidance aid response time

•clearance from CWP displayed at the onboard HMI

•taxi route given by CWP displayed at the onboard HMI

External guidance tested through:

•External panels

Guidance


On-board GuidanceOn-board Guidance

External GuidanceExternal Guidance


• Electronic Flight Strips

• Routing

• Co-ordination Arrival / Ground

Movement / Departure

Planning


The A-SMGCS Concept has been The A-SMGCS Concept has been proven and tested within theproven and tested within the

•DEFAMM project in the 4th FPDEFAMM project in the 4th FP

•BETA project in the 5th FPBETA project in the 5th FP


DEFAMM ProjectDEFAMM Project

Demonstrated the validity of the A-SMGCS Concept Demonstrated the validity of the A-SMGCS Concept testing various equipment at the airports oftesting various equipment at the airports of

•Köln/ BonnKöln/ Bonn

•Orly ParisOrly Paris

•BraunschweigBraunschweig

•BergamoBergamo


BETA ProjectBETA Project

in the 5th Framework Programmein the 5th Framework Programme

Tested three configurations at the airports ofTested three configurations at the airports of

•PraguePrague

•HamburgHamburg

•BraunschweigBraunschweig


TowerC ontro llerW ork ingPosition

SM R

ASRE2000

D G PSG P&C

M O D E -S /A D S -B

N R N

F D P SE S U P

D atalinkG P&C

R eferenceC lock

AG LAM S

Co-operative Sensors

Non Co-operative Sensors

A lertP rocess

FusionP rocess

Surveillance DataServer

M E TID P

Airport/ATMInform ation System s

G uidanceSystem s

G roundC ontro llerW ork ingPosition

ApronC ontro llerW ork ingPosition

R ecordingand

P laybackSystem

TechnicalC ontro l andM onitoring

System

Surveillance and AlertingFunctions

PlanningFunction

G uidanceFunction

System Managem ent Controller HMI

Loca l A rea N etwork

Surface Movem entPlanning System

G D P S

D -M A N

T R P

The BETA system at Prague


Results from the Research ActivitiesResults from the Research ActivitiesThe implementation of these systems on The implementation of these systems on real airports has permitted to assessreal airports has permitted to assess

Objective data:Surveillance parameters (e.g. position accuracy, report update, report latency, probability of false detection, coverage area)System functionality (e.g. warnings, hand-over procedures, electronic flight strips)

Use of the system (e.g. warnings, hand-over procedures, electronic flight strips)Workload of controller

Subjective data:


Item Parameter Name Expected

Value

Measured

Value

PR Horizontal Position Resolution 1 m 1 m*

HR Height Resolution 2 m (6.56 ft) 6.25 ft*

VR Velocity Resolution Speed 1 m/s 0.25 m/s*

Direction 10 10*

TR Time Resolution 0.01 s 0.01 s*

RPA Reported Position Accuracy 7.5 m < 8 m

RVA Reported Velocity Accuracy Speed 5 m/s NA

Direction 100 NA

TRUR Target Report Update Rate 1 s 1 s

TRL Target Report Latency Unspecified NA

Overall results of objective indicator measurements for surveillance in Prague.

In the table above, symbols have the following meanings:* Obtainable resolution limited by ASTERIX data formatNA Not Analysed, insufficient suitable data available or problems aligning data

reports with time

Surveillance Results at Prague AirportSurveillance Results at Prague Airport


How all this can support Policy?How all this can support Policy?

What has been done? andWhat has been done? and

What can be done?What can be done?

In ConclusionIn Conclusion


These results have already been used to fill the ICAO A-These results have already been used to fill the ICAO A-SMGCS European ManualSMGCS European Manual

It provides a common baseline for Airport Authorities as It provides a common baseline for Airport Authorities as well as producers for the procurement of appropriate well as producers for the procurement of appropriate system for any airportsystem for any airport

Through this yardstick, it is possible to compare the Through this yardstick, it is possible to compare the actual capacity at an airport as well as to assess the actual capacity at an airport as well as to assess the implemented level of safety implemented level of safety

Research support to PolicyResearch support to Policy


Further more...Further more...

Assessment of actual capacity, makes it possible to Assessment of actual capacity, makes it possible to evaluate future expansions and their impact on the evaluate future expansions and their impact on the environmentenvironment

Precise allocation of responsibilities, permit to Precise allocation of responsibilities, permit to assess causes of an accident or of delaysassess causes of an accident or of delays

Realistic slot allocation can be implementedRealistic slot allocation can be implemented

Ultimately a better Quality of Service Ultimately a better Quality of Service can be offered to passengerscan be offered to passengers


The ICAO A-SMGCS ManualThe ICAO A-SMGCS Manual

•has been circulated to Stateshas been circulated to States

•the 11th ICAO Air Navigation the 11th ICAO Air Navigation Conference, held in Montreal, has Conference, held in Montreal, has recommended its userecommended its use


AnyAny

QuestionQuestion

??

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