BSC 2011 - 02
Developmental BiologyPatterns of Inheritance
Evolution Ecology
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Science - the investigation of rational concepts that can be evaluatedby observations and experimentation.
Hypothesis - a proposed explanation for an observed phenomenon
Theory - a hypothesis that is consistent with all available evidence
Some Important Definitions
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Outline of Lecture 1
I. THE CENTRAL DOGMAA. DNA structureB. DNA ReplicationC. Chromosomes
1. Prokaryotic2. Eukaryotic
D. RNA Structure
E. Transcription1. Summary2. Prokaryotes3. Eukaryotes
F. Translation1. The genetic code2. Summary of translation
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DNA structure
A linear sequence of nucleotides
Nucleotide
Phosphate5-C sugarNitrogenous base
ThymineCytosineGuanineAdenine
Fig 16.3
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DNA Structure - the double helixFig. 16.5
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Catalyzed by DNA-polymerase
DNA ReplicationFig. 16.7
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Fig.1.4
Chromosome numbers in Eukaryotes
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Humans - 46
Chimps - 48
Onion - 8 Potato - ??Fruit fly 4
Chromosome numbers in Eukaryotes
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Humans - 46
Chimps - 48
Onion - 8 Potato - 48Fruit fly 4
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TranscriptionFig. 17.6
Template strand - the single strand of DNA that is transcribed
RNA polymerase - the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA using DNA as the template
Promoter - the segment of the DNA template strand where RNApolymerase binds and initiates transcription
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Fig. 17.6
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Fig. 17.6
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Fig. 17.6
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RNA processing5’ cap Poly-A- tail
RNA splicing
Fig. 17.8,17.9
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The Genetic Code
Fig. 17.4
Codon - 3 base sequencethat codes for one amino acid or is a signal.
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Transfer RNA (tRNA)Fig. 17.13
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Translation of mRNAinto protein
Fig. 17.12
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Fig. 17.25
