BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process
Evelyne Sauvage (VECTRIS, Belgium),
Tim Asperges (IMOB-Hasselt University, Belgium)ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Content
Short history BYPAD Fundamentals of BYPAD Good practice examples Conclusions
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Short history of BYPAD
BYPAD
Research project SAVE 1999-2001
Development of self-evaluation instrument for local cycle policy
Target group: mid-sized cities (50.000 – 500.000 inhabitants)
Partners: Langzaam Verkeer (now Vectris and Mobiel 21), AMOR, ECF + 7 cities
BYPAD+
Dissemination of method SAVE 2003-2004
Goal
Improving the BYPAD-method
Building a network of national contact points (consultants)
Spreading the BYPAD-method in European cities via national contact points Partners : core-consortium, national contactpoints (auditors), cities
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
BYPAD-platform
Further dissemination of BYPAD Intelligent Energy - Europe 2006-2008
New targets groups:
small towns
regions
Spatial coverage:
new countries in Southern and Eastern Europe: Greece, Spain, Hungary, Poland, Estonia
new cities and regions in existing Bypad-countries
Exchange of knowledge and dissemination of results via a wide European network
website and newsletters, good practise database
promotion material (leaflet, posters,…) in all EU-languages
regional workshops and international seminars
network partners: ECF, ICLEI, POLIS, Energie-Cités
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Anno 2004 - BYPAD/BYPAD+
65 cities – nearly all certified 15 countries 16 auditors
Anno 2006 - BYPAD Platform
25-35 new cities 27 - 30 regions 5 new countries 7-12 new auditors
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Fundamentals of BYPAD
Quality management Dynamic process Integrated approach
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Cycling policy as a dynamic process
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
‘fire brigade principle’
We do our job to the best of our knowledge ‘Robinson Crusoe principle’
We are pulling in the same direction! Look beyond one’s own ‘back yard’
We wont’ stay at the top by resting on our laurels! ‘Winner principle’
Level 1: Ad hoc approach
Level 2: Isolated approach
Level 3: System oriented
Level 4: Integrated approach
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Integrated approach: the BYPAD evaluation group & process
Politicians Civil servants User groups Supervised by certified BYPAD auditors
Meet to find a consensus on the quality levelreached for each aspect of cycling policy
Jointly develop quality objectives and measures Resulting in common agreed cycling action plan
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
The BYPAD Evaluation Process
Process supervisor (external consultant)
Individual Assessment by members of evaluation group
Meeting 1: Joint Assessment by evaluation groupObjective: Consensus on Level of Cycling Policy
Audit Report and Quality Plan
Meeting 2: Agreement on Quality Objectives and Measures
Politician(s) Officials User Group(s)
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Principal item: the BYPAD questionnaire• 35 questions in 9 fields
of cycling policy
• Closed answers describemeasures which havesuccessfully been put into effect in European cities
• 4 quality levels
• Direct proposals for measures to be taken
• Giving inspiration for quality improvement
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Local evaluation group
External process supervisor
Direct dialogue• Decison makers, policy makers & executive staff, ‘clients’ strive for a consensus on the quality of the cycling policy so far• assign scores to questions and modules• define quality objectives together Strengthening the political will, improving the quality of decisions
Learning• Assessment in a moderated process• Both questionnaire and auditor present successful examples• Good examples are visualised Strengthening the effect of learning
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Detailed Results:BYPAD audit report and quality plan
As a starting point of an improved cycling policy:
• Inventory of the cycling policy so far
• Documentation of the audit per question
• Agreement on objectives, measures, fields of action per question and module and its documentation
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
BYPAD Certificate
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Example of Gent
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
BYPAD-Gent 2001 - 2004
0,00%
10,00%
20,00%
30,00%
40,00%
50,00%
60,00%
70,00%
80,00%
90,00%
100,00%
User N
eeds
Lead
ersh
ip
Policy
on
pape
r
Mea
ns a
nd p
erso
nel
Infra
struc
ture
, ser
vices
& sa
fety
Commun
icatio
n & ed
ucat
ion
Targe
t gro
ups &
partn
ersh
ips
com
plem
entar
y acti
ons
Evalua
tion &
effe
cts
Total q
uality
cycli
ng p
olicy
GENT
2001
2004
0,00%
10,00%
20,00%
30,00%
40,00%
50,00%
60,00%
70,00%
80,00%
90,00%
100,00%
User N
eeds
Lead
ersh
ip
Policy
on
pape
r
Mea
ns a
nd p
erso
nel
Infra
struc
ture
, ser
vices
& sa
fety
Commun
icatio
n & ed
ucat
ion
Targe
t gro
ups &
partn
ersh
ips
com
plem
entar
y acti
ons
Evalua
tion &
effe
cts
Total q
uality
cycli
ng p
olicy
GENT
2001
2004
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
• Medium-sized Flemish citywith 230,000 inhabitants
• University and highschools:40,000 students
• Capital of the Province East-Flanders
• Considered as one of themost dynamic cities in thedomain of mobility policyin Flanders
Gent
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Collecting background informationhistory of cycling policy
1992: Need for a bicycle policy plan
1993: Start of bicycle policy planFormation of a bicycle cell (political initiative)
1994: Appointment of a bicycle officerLocal elections: cycling and mobility policy is main theme of the elected coalition
1995: High level of complaints about bicycle problems
Appointment of a communication officer
Need for integrating the cycling policy in a broader mobility policy
1996: Setting up a mobility department
1997: Implementation of mobility plan
Organization of a Bicycle Forum with different other cities
1998: Working group student and mobility
1999: Employment programs to fulfill the sustainable mobility need
1992: Need for a bicycle policy plan
1993: Start of bicycle policy planFormation of a bicycle cell (political initiative)
1994: Appointment of a bicycle officerLocal elections: cycling and mobility policy is main theme of the elected coalition
1995: High level of complaints about bicycle problems
Appointment of a communication officer
Need for integrating the cycling policy in a broader mobility policy
1996: Setting up a mobility department
1997: Implementation of mobility plan
Organization of a Bicycle Forum with different other cities
1998: Working group student and mobility
1999: Employment programs to fulfill the sustainable mobility need
Last decade a lot of organizational changes in favour of cycling and mobility policy
Impact on the results of cycling policy
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Director of themobility department
Mobility department - 11 persons
Bicycleofficer
Public transportofficer
Communicationofficer
Landscapearchitect
plus:4 administrative fellow workers2 fellow workers for counting and listing of
found or left bicycles
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Smart travelling club: commitment individual users
• Travel with sustainable transport• Drive carefully• Follow traffic rules
• +/- 1.300 • regular consultation of users on mobility/cycling policy
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
• Bicycle (mobility) policy is pulled by the whole city council
Module 2: Leadership
• The major and the chief alderman responsible for traffic safety, traffic planning, spatial planning and trades people.
• Bicycle department integrated in mobility department
• City has an active role in inter-municipal networks (bicycle forum, Belgium cycle cities, cities for cyclists...)
• Bicycle (mobility) policy is pulled by the whole city council
• The major and the chief alderman responsible for traffic safety, traffic planning, spatial planning and trades people.
• Bicycle department integrated in mobility department
• City has an active role in inter-municipal networks (bicycle forum, Belgium cycle cities, cities for cyclists...)
• Standing advisory group (mainly intern actors)
• Standing advisory group (mainly intern actors)
Level reached:3
Actions:Extern partnershipsmust be strengthened(e.g. public transport companies, higher authorities)
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Module Actions• Bicycle route network on planning level
(4 main routes have been realized)
• Provelo project: a complete prevention program
• 4000 bicycle parkings at 200 locations 1000 planned (two types of bicycle sheds: type Gent, type Pedalo)
• Residents’ bicycle parking goal 1 car-place on 10 for bicycles
• Guarded bicycle parking
• Bicycle workshop(bicycle maintenance, registration)
• Bicycle depot
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Module Actions
• Efforts for stimulating the city personnel for cycling to work:
• 800 bikes for personnel
• price reductions at bicycle traders
• bicycle fee of 0,15 Eur / km,tax-free
• Guarded bicycle parking
• Douches and lockers
• Parking fee for employees coming to work by car: No bicycle policy without a good parking policy
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Module Actions
• No efforts towards other local employers
• Car-free city center of 35 ha
• Bicycle pump
• Very strict parking policy
• Logistical support of bicycle taxi
• No efforts towards other local employers
• Car-free city center of 35 ha
• Bicycle pump
• Very strict parking policy
• Logistical support of bicycle taxi
Level reached:3
Actions:• Expanding bicycle parking for residents,• Improving transfert points, • Bicycle signace, • Education program for pupils, • Stimulating local employers for bicycle
incentives
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Exchange of experiences between BYPAD cities, towns, regions, auditors: Regional workshops in six language regions: cities exchange their experiences with BYPAD e.g. Recklinghausen, 25 Nov 2004 for Germany, Austria, Switzerland
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
E.g. Regional workshop in ‘s Hertogenbosch (NL),8 June 2004, for BYPAD cities from Belgium and The Netherlands
Site visit at Oss: handing out the BYPAD certificate, learning from each other‘s experience
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Regional workshop in ‘s Hertogenbosch (NL),8 June 2004, for BYPAD cities from Belgium and The Netherlands
Getting an idea of how King Cyclist is feeling: cycling the cycle street of Oss
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Publicity: BYPAD in the media
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006
Conclusions
BYPAD public involvement
BYPAD facilitates/improves co-operation among different actors Users play a crucial role in BYPAD
BYPAD influencing individual choices
Cycling use stands or falls through the quality of local cycling policy
Quality local cycling policy
Cycle useCycle safety
BYPAD (Bicycle Policy Audit): cycling policy as a dynamic process ECOMM Groningen, 12th May 2006