email: help@eenadupratibha.netÎCî¦ô¢Ù 12  2019

H Ú¨ÙC í£ë¯-öË-EoÙ-æ¨Ú© êμõª-Þœªö˺ Íô¦–õª àμí‡p, ÓEoNëů-õªÞ¥ Ñí£-óμ«-TÙ-àŸ-÷àÁa êμõ-í£Ùè….- ÏÙTxù£ªî¦Ú¥u-öËìª Ñë¯--ô¢-é-õªÞ¥ Ïú£«h î¦æ¨E êμõª-Þœªö˺êŸô¢ªb÷« à¶óŸªÙè….-

n âËμ.- Ú¨ô¢éË ÚÛª÷«ôÂ1z- Beyond, afford, indulge, expect, regard,

respect, respectively, of course, of and off,get from today, from today onwards, onthe way, I mean, which means.

A: Î-÷õ, ð»Ùë]-Þœ-õ-Þœè[Ù, ð§ö˹_-ìè[Ù, ÒÙ-àŸè[Ù,ë¶E-·Újû¦ Nõª÷ Ï÷yè[Ù, Þ½ô¢÷Ù, ÷ô¢ª-ú£Þ¥, ÚÛ#a-êŸÙÞ¥, of and off Ú¥-ë]C on and off ÍEÑÙè¯L DE Íô¢–Ù êŸô¢-àŸªÞ¥, ÐôÁV ìªÙ#ð»Ùë]è[Ù, ÐôÁV ìªÙ#, ë¯Jö˺, û¶ìª àμ›íp-ë¶-Nª-åÙç˶, ë¯E Íô¢–Ù.-

2) ÖÚÛ ÷uÚ¨h Ñë]óŸªÙ ìªÙ# ÚÛöË-÷-ÚÛªÙè¯ ÷ªëůuoÙöË¶ë¯ þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ ÚÛLË-ú‡-ì-í£±pè[ª Good Morningàμð»pà¦a?

A: Good afternoon öË¶ë¯ Good evening àμ-ð§pL.-

3) 'G.O.Ms Number' full form ìª N÷-JÙ#Íô¢–Ù àμí£p-Þœ-öËô¢ª.-

A: Government Order Manuscript Number.ÍÙç˶ ví£òÅ¡ªêŸy EñÙ-ëÅ]ì ô¦êŸ ú£ÙÜu.-

4)- Ú¨ÙC î¦Ú¥u-öËÚÛª ÏÙTx-ù£ªö˺ Íô¢–Ù àμí£pÙè….-

i) Ó-ÚÛ\è[ ûμÞ¥_ö˺ Ú¥ë]ª ÓÚÛ\è[ êŸÞ¥_ö˺ êμL-ú‡-ì-î¦è[ªêμL-îËμj-ì-î¦è[ª.-

A: A clever person is one who knows whereto withdraw and where to go ahead.-

ii) êμL-ú‡ì î¦JÚ¨ EóŸª-÷«õ ÞœªJÙ# àμí£p-ì-÷-ú£ô¢Ùö˶ë]ª.- êμL-óŸª-E-î¦-JÚ¨ àμí‡p ví£óμ«-áìÙ ö˶ë]ª.-

A: One who knows the rules we need notexplain the rules and for one who does notknow the rules there is no use of explaining.

H Ú¨ÙC î¦Ú¥u-ö˺xE ú£Ùë¶--õìª E÷”Ah à¶óŸªÙè….-

n- >.- î�μÙÚÛå þ§yNª

1) The sun whose rays given life to the earthis regarded by some people as a god. ÏÙ-ë]ªö˺ god Íû¶ í£ë¯-EÚ¨ ‘G’ E capital let-ter Þ¥ ô¦óŸª-ö˶ë]ª.- ÓÙë]ªÚÛª?

A: God Í-û¶C í£ô¢-÷«-êŸtÚÛª ÖÚÛ\-è…¸Ú.- ú£«ô¢ªuè[ªë¶÷±è[ª Ú¥ñæ¨d god Íû¶ ÍÙæ°ô¢ª.-

2) Justice John a no-nonsense judge. ÏÙë]ªö˺·ôÙè[ª negatives Ö¸Ú ë]Þœ_ô¢ ÷à¦aô³.- Íö° Ñí£-óμ«-TÙ-àŸ-÷à¦a? ë¯E Íô¢–Ù ÔNªæ¨?

A: -cáú‡dúà â°ûË Íô¢–Ù ö˶E ÷«æ-öËìª ×ô¢ªpêÁ úˆyÚÛ-JÙ-àŸè[ªe- ÍE Íô¢–Ù.-

3) 49 ÷ªÙCE Forty niners ÍÙ-æ°ô¢ª.- Íö°¸Þ 47,46, 45, 44, 43, 42, 41 ÷ªÙCE Óö° ô¦óŸ«L?

A: 49ers ÍE California ö˺ ñÙÞ¥ô¢Ù îËμêŸ-ÚÛ-è¯-EÚ¨îËμü™x-î¦-JE Íû¶-î¦ô¢ª.-

4) ðƼû-ËÂö˺ ú£ÙòÅ°-ù‡-ú£ªh-ìo-í£±pè[ª On phone Íû¦ö°öË¶ë¯ Over phone Í-û¦ö°?

A: Over phone Íû¦L.-5) I moved the blanket off of her ÍÙç˶ ë]ªí£pæ¨

ÚÛí‡p-ìæ°x, Bú‡-ìæ°x?

1041

1. Excel = To do something very well orhighly skilled and be better than most others së¶ûμj¬oû¦ à¦ö° ò°Þ¥ à¶óŸªè[Ù, ûμjí£±-éuÙêÁÏêŸ-ô¢ªöË ÚÛÙç˶ ò°Þ¥ à¶óŸª-Þœ-öËè[Ùz.-

eg: He excels in the art of drawing and is better than most others sò˹÷ªtõª UóŸª-è[Ùö˺ÏêŸ-ô¢ªöË ÚÛÙç˶ ÍêŸè[ª à¦ö° ûμjí£±éuÙ ÞœöË-î¦è[ªz.

Antonym: Fail sîËμjíÆ£-öËuÙ àμÙë]è[Ùz eg: Hefailed in the art of drawing picturessò˹÷ªtõª UóŸª-è[Ùö˺ ÍêŸè[ª îËμjíÆ£-öËuÙ àμÙë¯è[ªz.-

2. -- Brilliant = Very clever or talented sà¦ö°êμL-îËμjìz.- eg: The student is very brilliantand always stands first in the class.

Antonym: Dull sÍÙêŸÞ¥ êμL-N-ö˶Ez.- eg: Thestudent in the class is very dull and doesnot get good marks.

3. Ingenious = Clever, original and inven-tive sà¦ö° êμL-N-ÞœöË, Ú•-êŸh-î¦-æ¨E ÚÛìª-ÚÛª\û¶z.-

eg: Thomas Alva Edison was very ingeniousand has invented a number of gadgets.

Antonym: Unimaginative sêμLN ö˶Ez.-eg: The boy in the class is very unimagina-

tive and does not know even the elements of Mathematics.

4. Relevant = Closely connected or Properto what is being done or Considered s÷ªìÙ÷«æ°x-è[ª-꟪ìo Nù£-óŸ«-EÚ¨ ú£ÙñÙ-CÅÙ-#ìz.-

eg: The answers in the boy’s papers werequite relevant and the teacher awardedhim a hundred out of a hundred.

Antonym: Irrelevant = Not connected with.sÍú£ÙñÙë]ÌÄÙz5. Entangle = Involved in complicated cir-

cumstances from which it is difficult to

escape s#ÚÛª\ö˺x í£è… ñóŸª-åÚÛª ô¦ö˶-ÚÛ-ð¼-÷è[Ùz.- eg: My friend was entangled in very difficult

circumstances and found it difficult toescape.

Antonym: Clarify sê¶æ êμöËxÙ à¶óŸªè[Ùz. eg: The teacher clarified to the students the

knotty problem that they had faced.

6. Impertinent = Not showing properrespect or Rude sú£·ôjì ÷ªô¦uë] àŸ«í‡Ù-àŸ-ÚÛ-ð¼-÷è[Ùz.-

eg: The student was very impertinent to theteacher and did not show him anyrespect.-

Antonym: Suitability sú£·ôjì NëÅ]ÙÞ¥z.- eg: Thebooks he brought were very suitable to thesubject.

7. Satiate = Satisfied to the full sú£Ù꟔-í‡h-àμÙ-ë]è[Ùz.- eg: He ate all the food and wasthoroughly satiated.

Antonym: H Disappoint sEô¦øŒ àμÙë]è[Ùz.- eg: He was disappointed at the food served

to him and was not at all satisfied. H Starved sAÙè… ú£JÞ¥_ ö˶ÚÛ-ð¼-÷è[Ùz.- eg: He

was not served enough food and he wasnot satisfied at all.

8. Succinct = Briefly and clearly expressedsú£Ù¤¨-í£hÙÞ¥, ê¶æ-êμ-öËxÙÞ¥ N÷-JÙ-àŸè[Ùz.-

eg: The teacher’s explanation was quite suc-cinct and the students were immenselysatisfied.

Antonym: Lengthy sà¦ö° ð»è[-îËμjìz.eg: He explained the happenings in a very

lengthy manner and none was satisfiedwith it.

9. Eminent = Famous sÝ°uA ÞœöËz.- eg: The footballer was quite eminent and

none could beat him in the game.

Antonym: Unimportant svð§÷³ÜuÙ ö˶Ez.- eg: The leader was quite unimportant and

none cared about him.

10. Imminent = About to happen sÚÛ#a-êŸÙÞ¥áJ¸Þz.- eg: The incident was quite immi-nent and none could stop it.

Antonym: Avoidable sêŸí‡pÙ-àŸ-ÞœöËz.- eg: Theincident was not going to happen becausethere were too many hurdles to it.

VOCABULARY

S.No Active Voice Passive voice

1. He saw me last night I was seen by him last night

2. She has given me a wonderful book A wonderful book has been givento me by her

3. Where have you met him? Where has he been met by you?

4. Who could have given him the book? By whom could he have beengiven the book?

5. Who would have known that he stole That the book was stolen by him, the book? by who would have been known?

6. Will he help you? Will you be helped by him?

7. He can know who has stolen his book. That his book has been stolen canbe known by him.

8. Did the police track him down? Did he was tracked down by thepolice?

9. Who gave him the book? By whom was the book given tohim?

10. Did you see the movie yesterday? Was the movie seen by you yesterday?

In the last lesson we saw active and passive voice forms. Now we are going to see some moreforms of active and passive forms.

GRAMMAR & USAGE

M. Suresan

Writer

ú£Ùë¶ï£„õª n ú£÷«ëůû¦õª

A: I moved the blanket off her ÍÙç˶ ë]ªí£p-æ¨EB›ú-óŸªè[Ù.-

6) He paid his debts down to the last penny.šíEo ÷ªì ÚÛ·ôFq Ú¥ë]ª.- Íô³-ì-í£p-æ¨Ú© drafting ö˺î¦è•à¦a?

A: He paid his debts to the last penny ÍE÷ªì ÚÛ·ô-Fqö˺ î¦è[Ù, He paid his debts to thelast paisa ÍÙæ°Ù.-

7) Wish, want Ð ·ôÙè[ª í£ë¯õª Ôó¶ª ú£Ùë]-ô¦(Äö˺xî¦è[-ê¦ô¢ª.-

A: wish ÍÙç˶ ÚÁJÚÛ, want ÍÙç˶ ÷ªì-ÚÛª-Ú¥-÷-öË-ú‡ÙC.

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