Capítulo 2BCapítulo 2BTu sala de clasesTu sala de clases

Capítulo 2BCapítulo 2BTu sala de clasesTu sala de clases

Your classroomYour classroom

Chapter Objectives:Chapter Objectives:

• Describe a classroomDescribe a classroom• Indicate where things are Indicate where things are

locatedlocated• Talk about more than one Talk about more than one

object or personobject or person• Understand cultural Understand cultural

perspectives on schoolperspectives on school

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz

(1648-1695)

Juana Inés was born in San Miguel Juana Inés was born in San Miguel Nepantla, near Mexico City around Nepantla, near Mexico City around 1648, the illegitimate daughter of a 1648, the illegitimate daughter of a Spanish Captain, Pedro Manuel de Spanish Captain, Pedro Manuel de Asbaje, and Isabe Ramirez. Asbaje, and Isabe Ramirez.

Juana was a devoutly religious child Juana was a devoutly religious child who hid in the hacienda chapel to who hid in the hacienda chapel to read her grandfather's books from read her grandfather's books from the adjoining library - something the adjoining library - something forbidden to girls at forbidden to girls at that that time.time.

• She learned how to read and write She learned how to read and write at the age of three. By age five, she at the age of three. By age five, she could do accounts, and at age eight could do accounts, and at age eight she was composing poetry.she was composing poetry.

• By adolescence, she had mastered By adolescence, she had mastered Greek logic, and at age thirteen she Greek logic, and at age thirteen she was teaching Latin to young was teaching Latin to young children. children.

• She was an outspoken advocate She was an outspoken advocate for women’s rights as well as for women’s rights as well as human rightshuman rights. She was so intelligent She was so intelligent that she was invited to court to that she was invited to court to show off when she was only 14!show off when she was only 14!

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz(1648-1695)

• Here is an example of one of her most famous poems.

   • Hombres necios que acusáis

a la mujer sin razón, sin ver que sois la ocasiónde lo mismo que culpáis.

• Silly men that accusewomen without reason,without seeing you are the causeof the same that you blame.

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz(1648-1695)

Painting of Sor Juana Inés by Miguel

Cabrera on oil canvas circa 1750

"The People of Mexico, through the Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Civil Association, dedicates this statue of the bright mystic Mexican poet, to the People of Madrid“

España

Sor Juana estatua en La República Dominicana

Sor Juana estatua en Nuevo Sor Juana estatua en Nuevo León, MéxicoLeón, México

There are many types of religious garb – medallions and scapulars among them.

Rosaries, however, are not intended as jewelery but should be used for prayer.

Statue of Sor Juana in Washington, D.C.

“Sor Juana Ines’ Dream”Santa Fe, New Mexico

“I don’t study to know more, but to be ignorant of less.”~ Sister Juana Ines of the Cross

LASBANDERA

SDEAMÉRICA CENTRAL

COSTA RICAPANAMÁ

HONDURAS EL SALVADOR

GUATEMALA NICARAGUA

el cartel – the el cartel – the posterposter

la la computadocomputadora – the ra – the computercomputer

el disquete – the el disquete – the diskettediskette

lala

mochila mochila – –

the the backpacbackpackk

la pantalla – the la pantalla – the computer screencomputer screen

la papelera la papelera – the – the wastepapewastepaper basketr basket

el ratón – the el ratón – the mousemouse

el reloj el reloj – the – the clockclock

el sacapuntas – the el sacapuntas – the pencil sharpenerpencil sharpener el teclado – the el teclado – the

keyboardkeyboard

el escritorio – the el escritorio – the deskdesk la mesa- the la mesa- the

tabletable

la silla – the la silla – the chairchair

las ventanas – the las ventanas – the windowswindows

la la puerta – puerta – the the doordoor

las tijeras - scissorslas tijeras - scissorsla regla - rulerla regla - ruler

el globo - globeel globo - globe el mapa – the mapel mapa – the map

la pizarra – chalkboardla pizarra – chalkboardel pizarrón - chalkboardel pizarrón - chalkboard

el borrador - eraserel borrador - eraser

la tiza - chalkla tiza - chalk

Frases importantes – important phrases

• ¿Qué es esto? – What is this?• ¿Cuántos(as) hay? – How many are

there?• ¿Dónde está(n)? – Where is it/are

they?• ¿Quién está? – Who is there?• ¿Hay? –Is there /Are there?• Hay – There is / There are• ¿Qué hay? – What is there/are there?

To indicate location• Al lado de la/del – next to, besideAl lado de la/del – next to, beside• Allí – thereAllí – there• Aquí – hereAquí – here• Debajo de la/del – underneathDebajo de la/del – underneath• Delante de la/del – in front ofDelante de la/del – in front of• Detrás de la/del – behindDetrás de la/del – behind• ¿Dónde? – where?¿Dónde? – where?• En – in, onEn – in, on• Encima de la/del – on top ofEncima de la/del – on top of

More location words• izquierda – leftizquierda – left• derecha – rightderecha – right• derecho – straightderecho – straight• enfrente de – in front ofenfrente de – in front of• sobre – over, about (sobre can also be an sobre – over, about (sobre can also be an

envelope)envelope)• arriba – above (adverb, not preposition)arriba – above (adverb, not preposition)• atrás de – behindatrás de – behind• cerca de – near tocerca de – near to• lejos de – far fromlejos de – far from• hacia – towards hacia – towards

To indicate possessionTo indicate possession• de – of

– de la – of the – used before a feminine noun

– del – of the – used before a masculine noun

• mi – my• tu – your• su – your (formal) & his/hers

– To identify (description/quantity)To identify (description/quantity)– Es un(a) – It is a …

To identify gender & quantity of nouns

• Los/Las – “the” plural masculine/femininee.g. Los lápices están encima de la mesa. Las pantallas están aprendidos.• Unos/Unas – “some” masculine/femininee.g. Hay unos lápices en el pupitre. Hay unas mochilas en la sala de clase.

lloos s ccoolloorreessnumber & gender changers

• blanco/ablanco/a – – whitewhite (casa blanca)(casa blanca)• negro/a – black negro/a – black (zapatos negros)(zapatos negros)• castaño/a – chestnut brown castaño/a – chestnut brown (hair)(hair)• moreno/a – brown moreno/a – brown (skin)(skin)• anaranjado/a – orange anaranjado/a – orange (color only)(color only)• rosado/a – pink rosado/a – pink (color only)(color only)• rojo/a – red rojo/a – red (ojos rojos)(ojos rojos)• amarillo/a – yellowamarillo/a – yellow

–morado/a - purplemorado/a - purple

lloos s ccoolloorreessnumber changers only

• verde – green verde – green (casas verdes)(casas verdes)• café – browncafé – brown• marrón – brownmarrón – brown• gris – grey gris – grey (or gray)• azul – blue azul – blue (blusa azul / blusas azules)(blusa azul / blusas azules)• rosa – pink rosa – pink (also flower/name)• naranja – orange naranja – orange (also fruit)

To be or not to be… AGAIN?!?!

• Here’s the good news…you’ve seen this verb, ESTAR, before:

• ¿Cómo estás?

• Estoy bien/más o menos/mal.

• The “bad” news…when do I use “ser” and when do I use “estar”?

• This question has plagued language learners since the dawn of time…

¿Ser o

estar?

The “battle” of the verbs! SERSER

• The simplest way (not necessarily the most accurate way) to explain the use of “ser” is that it is for enduring characteristics. Things inherent to the quality of a person or thing.It’s the “permanent” one.

ESTARESTAR• This is used to

describe things that can easily change (weather, location, condition, etc.)

• This can also be about a state of being - things that are changeable (emotions).

How do I know which one to use?

• SerSer is used to classify and identify lasting attributes. Use the acronym DOCTORDOCTOR::

• Description• Occupation (like DOCTOR)

• Characteristics• Time• Origin• Relationship

• EstarEstar is used to indicate changeable states and locations. Use the acronym PLACEPLACE::

• Position• Location (like PLACE)

• Action• Condition• Emotion.

Examples of each type:

• ESTARESTAR – p.l.a.c.e. (place, location, action, condition, emotion)

• Mi hermana está sentada. (place)• La sala de clase de Srta. Bernard está cerca

de la clase de arte. (location) • Estoy haciendo mi tarea. (action)• Él está enfermo. (condition)• Ellos están contentos. (emotion)

EstarEstar – To be(an irregular -AR verb)

yo estoy - I amnosotros estamos - we

are

tú estás - you arevosotros estáis – you

are

(Usted está = you are formal)

él /ella está - he/she is

(Ustedes están – you are plural)

ellos están - they are

Examples of each type:

• SERSER – d.o.c.t.o.r. (description, occupation, characteristics, time, origin, relationship)

• La casa es muy bonita. (description)• Srta. Geair es una maestra. (occupation)• ¡Los estudiantes de Srta. Bernard son muy

inteligentes! (characteristics)• Son las dos y media. (2:30) Es la una. (time)• Soy de los Estados Unidos. (origin)• Ella es la hermana de mi amigo. (relationship)

SERSER – To be(an irregular -ER verb)

yo soy - I amnosotros somos - we

are

tú eres - you are vosotros sois – you are

(Usted es = you are formal)él /ella es - he/she is

(Ustedes son – you are plural)

ellos son - they are

Useful websites for estar

A lengthy explanation of when to use ser or estar:http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100040/ser-and-estar

Go to the Quizlet Mrs. Bernard page for estar/preposition quiz:http://quizlet.com/8463034/2b-15-estarprepositions-flash-cards/

A quiz over ser vs. estar:http://www.quia.com/quiz/438253.html?AP_rand=2020980171

Another quiz ser vs. estar:http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/practice/41

OTHER useful topics on Spanish D¡ct!http://www.spanishdict.com/topics