Cases on principal and agent : selected from decisions of ...

INDEX

[the figures befeb to pages]

ACCEPTING BENEFITS,

Ratification by, see Hatification.

ACCOUNTING, see Liability of Agent; Broker.

ACQUIESCENCE,

Ratification by, see Ratification.

ACTIONS, see Evidence; Trial; Judgment

ACTIONS, FORM OF, see cases under Liability,

in general, note 811.

In contract or in tort, McMorris 812; aote 813; Asbley 814.

In law or in equity, Moss 585; King B15 and aote.

Bill in equity appropriate, v"ilwig816; note 817; rndcrbill 818.

Various remedies available, McMorris 812; note 813.

Case or irovcr. Minneapolis 559; Moore •">'. , ">: Loveleas 811; McMor-

ris 813.

or assumpsit, Minneapolis 560; Ashley 814.

Contracl againsl agent, oote 597.

Trover, when appropriate, Perkins ';'.»•". and note; MeMorria BIS;

also < lonverslon.

Against agent, Schanz 193 ; Minneapolis 558; Salem 578; m

594

r.\ agenl vs. third person, Faulkner 719.

By principal against third person, Gllmore S,, T: note v,| v

Whal amounts to conversion, Bartels 597 and aote; Perkini

and aote; Gllmore 807; Loveless 811; McMorris 818 and

note.

Demand unnecessary, Bartels 698.

Trespass by agenl against third person, Porter 720.

For disobedience bj agent, Mil apoll

Assumpsit by principal, McMorris 812; oote 813; Ashlej v i»

agent vs. third person, Gunn 701 : Thatchei Tut ; Leterman

"tiu : Bhort 709.

Bj third person vb. principal, Webster 724

Bj principal vs. third person, Beebee 792.

\ a, agent ; Minnea] McMorri B18 \ ! ■ v > '

Qtiatitiiin meruit,

i;,, ,.,-> in for agent's Glover 229; Millar 610; Wlaa

When contract specifies amount, Kellj '■'' " Wa u ■

note 809, 010 ; Timberlake ,; " ;

^vi , ncy, Hlldebrai

man 827; Allrlll 632 ; Btiei

ACTIONS, P m:ti E8 TO Iso 1 lability.

Proper part l< ral, Beebt e 792; aote 819

Principal'! i Howing.

ADMISSIONS "i \'' ' Principal; i

G000.P&A a.

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INDEX

(TEE FIGURE REFER TO PAGES)

g nt; Broker.

under Liability.

hl y 14.

od rhlli 1 .

11; Mc or-

; .A •hl y 1-!.

<i!tl and n t ! .. lorri .· 13;

A: hlc•y 1 t. h r 701; t. t rmnu

1: : \ .hit y 1 .

Pl'\'111'., c ,Ill\ •r ~:.!. ; '.\ll llnr Iii \"lln

:.!1111 : \\ u llr11

I 11 Id •lm111d 11 ... ~i; Intl·

A TIO \ ', J' ,\ H'l 11 , ' ' 1'1 1, f' ul " J,111liltlty.

A

Prop r ))Ul'liro 111 ~··111•rul, n •111" 'in:.!; 1111[ 1!1, f'1i1wlp11J ' rl "Iii lll t'rlor In 11~P11t', .'riri,:1•111 'i< :1 11nd "" 1 full \'In ·.

l ~l11lill!ly of l' rl11d)1t1l; I Yid II

( ';'ii

lNl>i:\

[The figures refer to pages]

ADOPTION,

Distinguished from ratification, Bee Ratification.

Al>\ \\<1'S.

Bj factor, Greenleaf 653 ; Feild 657.

\1>\ ERSE INTEREST,

Of agent against principal, see Liability of Agent

AGENCY,

l leflned, Sternaman t.

Distinguished from sale, Echols 2; Taylor 13; Snelling 13.

Independent contractor, note 10.

Partnership, note 11.

Master ami servant. Kingan 9; note 10.

lease, note 11.

Trust. Taylor 10 ami note.

Maxims of. see Qui Faclt

Parties to. set' Agent; Principal; Joint Principals; Joint Agents.

Purpose for which created, sec Purposes of Agency.

Bow created, see Creation of Agency; Authority.

Classes of, in general, Gibson 20.

Genera] ami special, Gibson 20; Trundy 51; see also General Agent;

Special Agent ; Liability of Principal.

Double Agency,

Agent act for himself and his principal, Moores 298; Hook 3S6.

After termination of the agency, Moore 208.

Agent for two principals, Empire 732: note 733; Truslow 737.

Of vendor and vendee, Whitley 161; Farnsworth 316; Truslow

736.

When lawful. Wassell 734; note 735.

Ratified by both, Truslow 737; note 73S.

As affecting right to compensation, Rupp 518; Atterbury 636; note 637.

Termination of, see Termination of Agency.

Delegation of, see Delegation of Agency.

AGENT, see Liability; Compensation; Reimbursement of Agent.

Defined, Echols 1.

Distinguished from servant. Kingan 8.

Prom trustee. Taylor 10: note 10.

Prom independent contractor, note 10.

From lessee, note 11.

General and special agents, Gibson 20; see also Agency.

Universal agent, note 21.

Collecting, liability of, Bradstreet 491; note 493.

How terminated, see Termination of Agency.

How appointed, see Authority; Creation of Agency.

For what purposes employed, see Purposes of Agency.

Must act in name of principal, Davis 23; Combes 38.

See also Execution Of Authority.

Who may act as. King .".1 and cases following.

infant as, King 31 : Tebbetts 143.

i mnol ad for self. First National Bank 96; MacGregor 214; note 292;

Lank . ".(is; McAlpln347; Dowden 730; see also Double Agency.

Ratification by, Trudo 100; note 101.

Right to appoint subagent, see Delegation of Authority.

AMBIGUOUS AUTHORITY, see Construction of Authority.

APPARENT AUTHORITY, see Authority; Estoppel.

APPOINTMENT OF THE AGENT, see Authority; Creation of Agency.

ASSOCIATIONS, see Clubs.

JUMPSIT, see Actions, Form of.

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I.'T Ii].·

(Th figur s r r r to png s)

\I> l' I I ) l list i11:..uishul fr m rn ii u ti n, c Huli.fication.

\ l \ \ l T:::;. t ild ~~7.

Lin hili t. of Agent.

.\ ~E .. ( \", 1 l •1i11 'd. ~trrunmnn -!. lli:-tint:"uislll'tl from snl , l.j hols :2; Tnyl r 13 ; nelling 13.

l ntll'llt'tlllL'nt · 11 trn t r, not~ 10. l'nrtnershi.1l. 11 tc 1 . :'llnst •r autl .' •rvant rin.,.an 9; note 10. Lt ase, ll H 11. Trust. Taylor 10 nnd not .

~fo)..i.m . of .• e Qui Fa it. Pnrti s to. ;;ec .\gent; Princi11al; Joint Princi1 a l ; Joint Agents. Puq1us f r whkh r at tl, see Purpo es of g ncy. Ifow ·reat~d. see Cr ntion of .Agen y; Authority. 'lass 1 • of. in g neml, ib. on 20.

i n rnl and . p cial, Gib n 20; Trundy 51; see a l o General Agent; '11 ial A.CT nt; Liability of Principal.

oubl Agency, gent act for him elf and his principal, Moores 29 ; Hook 3 6.

After termination of the agency, Moore 20 . Agent for two principal.. Empire 732; no te 733 ; Tru low 737.

Of 1endor and veudee, Whitley 161 ; Farnsworth 316; Truslow 7: 6.

Wb n lawful, Wassell 734; note 735. Ratifi d by IJoth, Tru low 737 ; note 73

aft' ting ri<Tbt to comp nsation, Rupp 518 ; Atterbury 636; note 637. Termination of, ee Termination of Agency.

1 (Tation of, ee le<Tation of Agency.

E. 'T, e Liability; ompensation ; R eimbursement of Agent. Defin cl. Ecbol. 1.

i.·tingui hed from . rvant, Kingan . Fr m tru. te . Taylor 10; note 10. From inde11endent contractor, note 10. From le ·see. uote 11.

;eu ral and . p fol ag nt,, Gib on 20 ; ee also Agency. 1"11h·er.·a l ag nt, note 21. ('oil ting. liability of. Brad. treet 491 ; note 493. II11w t r111inat d. see Termination of Agency. IInw appoint d, e .\uthority; Cr ation of Agency. For what purpo. · : mpl yed, . ee Purpo. es of Agency . • Inst act in n me of prin ·ipa1. Davis 23; Combes 38.

' al~o Ex ntion of Authority. 'ho may act as. King :3J and ases following.

Iufant a-;, King :n; Tel11>etts H~. f'a1111ot af't for elf. First ... 'a tional Bank 96; MacGregor 214; note 202;

Ba 11k :~() ; • le.Al pin 847; Dowden 730; ee a l o Double Agency. Ha tifi<·atio11 l>y. Trnclo 100; note 101. Hi:.!'l>t to ap11oint .-ubagent, : e D legation of Authority .

. \. IBI<; l'<Jr. ' .\ r'.fII<HUTY, . onstruction of Au thority .

. \PP.\IU:. 'T .\ rTII()HITY. s utb rity; Estoppel.

Af'I' JL ·-1 .:'llEYl' <JF TIIJ.; A JE. ' T, se Authority ; Cr eation of Agency.

\ .' J ~L\TI L ·.:, :Pe C'lulJ . .

·' T.:'III'. 'IT, e Actions, Form of.

INDEX


ATTORNEY AT LAW,

Authority of agent to employ, Eldridge 185; Bacon 640.

Duty and authority in making collections, Miller 429; Morrison 503

Liability as collecting agent, see Delegation of Authority

For mistakes, note 562.

Compensation of. Vilas 610.

ATTORNEY IN FACT,

How constituted, Caley 22; see also Creation of Agency.

As collecting agent, note 432.

Delegation of authority by, Eldridge 185.

AUCTIONEER,

As agent for undisclosed principal, note 675; Mercer 676.

Liability for money paid by mistake. Mowatl 683; Burrough GS4.

For property sold without title, Moore 686.

Sue on contract made in own name. Fisher 707.

AUTHORITY OF AGENT, see Creation of Agency; Ratification; Termina-

tion; Construction of Authority ; Execution of Authority.

How conferred, see Creation of Agency.

Burden of proof to Bhow, Bee Evidence.

Nature,

Implied, Bee Creation of Agency.

When arises. Trnndy .">::: Farmers 335.

When not, Gregory 56; Williams L54; Burchard 287; Patterson

329.

Distinguished from apparent, Columbia 57; Bee also Estoppel.

Extends tn a<ts incidental to employment, Dunw iv 340; note

342, 139.

Limited to acts of like kind. McAlpin .".IV

Express, verbal, Farmers 335; see also Express Authority.

Implied added to, Dunwoodj 340; Valentine 105.

Written, under seal. Sheppard 65; Bee Seal, Authority Under.

When writing required, Caley 22; see also Tower of Actor

ney; Construction of Authority ; Express Authority; Stal

ute of Frauds.

Scoi f. Claflin 338; Bee also Construction of Authority.

<»rai evidence to enlarge, Claflin 338; Reese 34L

To explain, Reese 341; see also Evidence.

Apparent authority and actual, Gregory 54; Bee also Estoppel

of agent of corporation, see Corporations.

] defined, note 325.

Is actual as I" third persons, 'Iriu'L's 300 and note;

.•mil not,-: note:;!'.'.; Keith 326; Saugertii

i>a.\iiL'iit 380; Higgins 391.

indicia of authority, Pickering 319; Glllman 320;

Johnston 323.

Amounts i" estoppel, Patterson 330

Limited to appearance! given bj principal. Burchard 287; note

2K0 ■ i ; Patterson •':•-".•: Van Eppt I

Instructions of principal as limiting, M

third pen oni . « (rand Rapid

Flaubeli 302; Ludlow 303 and note; Hutsoi

Farn To ii'ii- :; i:: ; Sorrel 34 D

light

Known limitations lint on 804; Bank 806; Browi

also Third P<

ot of authority, In general, Burchard 287; note

How limited i note 288 ; Grand H

Gates 313

When w rltten, < !ummins 291

Includes what, McAlpin 348; Valentine 105,

Ludlow

Heath

V lit ri in

321 :

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L"DEX


640.

reation of "ency.

4.

.\.~ ncy; ution of

a ificnti n; T rmlua· uthority.

ncy. ; Farm r . :1:1:>.

'illiam.:- LH; nr hard :.. 7; ~1lt r. on

i · tin~ui: b d fr m ap11ar nt, 'olumhia ;;7; al:o E tnpJ PL Ext ml ~ to a ·ts in ·icl utal t mploym nt. 1 >u11wondy :: I ; 11ot •

. -L. 4:m. Limit tl to act.· f lik kin1l. i\Ie.\lpin :11 .

Expr . . . ' rhnl. FarmC>r · :i:1:;; . •p al ·o l:xpr •:-;.· .\uthnrity. Im111ie1l a1ldptl to. I>111rn nody :1 I< ; YnlPnlin IO:i . \\'ritt n. 1111<1 >r ~eul, .'ht>Jl}l:lnl li:i; :.; • .'•al. .\uthority l'ncl1 r.

'\'ll'll "ritiu,g r 111ir "<l. C'nl •y :.!:.! ; . • al o l'ow •r of \ll1 r -1wy; < 'ou:tn1 · ion of Authority; E:pn•:. \uthorlly; .'lll t · u t of Fra nil . .

,_ •op• of. 'la fliu :1:1 ; >ra I YiclPll<'l to

To •. plnin. I • · • ::n; ppnrr>nt n11tl10ril,\' and :IC't11:11.

f n~ nt of orporation, l> •fi11P.cl, not• :':.!:i.

111 \ut hority.

].· aet1111l a.· to third Jilr. 1111:. :I'll!' n11d 111111•: 1,11dl11\\' ::11;. 11 nil notP: 11111 :1:.!:i: r· .. it h :t!11. .'1111 'l'rtl.. ::co : 11. :1 t It : 1·n: J >:nllt!hl :1 fl: 111 .. d11 :m1.

Jndi<'ia of n11fh11ritr. l'l!'l · l'rln~ ::J.; <ill11111111 :~::n; ,\11 t rl111 :i::t: .r1i1111 : 11111 :1:!:1.

, \1111111111 • 111 " · l11pJ11•l, l' 1 I ll'r 1111 ::::o. Li111ifl'cl 111 11p111 •111·:11w" gi\·1"11 loy prhwlpul , I 111rdtnrd ::? i; 11 •I<'

:.! !I: ':a I 1• . :: I I : I '11 I I,. ... 1111 ~:!!I: \ ' 1111 J , pJ I :1:1.!; I I ' 111'11' I a:1:t Ju. 11·11C't11111 of pri1wlp:il 11. l1111itl11 •. ~111 . 1•y -fi I.

.°N'l'f'f , 11 111 llii1·d pr•r 1111 , !:n111rl Hn pld :::11 : <.d i:\'~ :1 1: J J:111Jip) :10:.: : L11 cll11\\' ::11:: Hiid 111111'; 11 111 on : I I : 11111 J fll'llJl•I' ::::ii; l'11dll1• ;:1::; .'t ll'• I :11 .• : I I

ligl11 :: o. Y.-n11w11 llmilnl 11111 , 11111 1111 :

:ti 11 '( IJiJ'tf f't I' 1)1) ,

n nf n11th11ril y, In '"I .. rnl, r:11rl'f111rrl llow limit I'd , I :r1• •0 1 ·~ ,,1•; notr !!

< ; :1 I " . : : I : ~ . '\Y Jw11 wl'i If• 11. f"111111nl 11

In Jnrll' wh11t , .\lc•..i \ !pin :• :.n 1 • \ 'n It nth , 11 ••

-. I •

·~.

I ;

860 INDEX


AUTHORITY OF A.GENT Continued,

Third person ascertain at peril, Cummins 291; note 288, 292; Gates

313; Bee also Third Persona

Usage and custom as affecting, Burchard 288; Oawthorn 811; Gates

314; Johnston 324; Keith 327; Dunwoody 340; McAlpin 348;

l'a\ iic 382.

Incidental power, Burchard 288; Farmers 335; Dunwoody 340; Mc-

Aii'in 348; Sprague 360; Payne 383.

. hi authority,

Measured by holding out of principal, Haubelt 301; note 322;

Johnston 323.

J tepends upon, note 3:u.

Acts within scope bind principal, Mussey 294; Griggs 300.

Frauds, etc., see Torts.

Outside scope of authority, Cummins 291 and note; Moores

297; Gates 313; Gambill 834.

Of general agenl to <lo acts naturally resulting, Grand Rapids

296; Griggs 300.

Limitations on rule, Ilutson 304.

Acts for personal benefit of agent, note 292; Moores 297; Bank

308; McAlpin, 349; Hook 386.

See also Double Agency.

As shown by acts or representations of agent, Cummins 292;

note 293; Mussey 295; Grand Rapids 296; Moores 297.

As affecting tort liability of principal, Birkitt 7G1 and note;

Mackay 763; note 765; McCord 706.

Of general and special agencies, note 20; Bank 307; note 335; Mc-

Alpin 348.

Presumption agency general rather than special, Sharp 829.

Limitations on authority in, Gates 313; Batty 350; Young 351;

Brown 3S5; Denman 395.

When unknown, Antrim 321; Sorrel 345; note 385.

Scope of apparent authority, Mussey 294; Johnston 323; Keith

326; note 334; Pacific 343; Sorrel 345; Heath 360; Wilson

152.

Distinctions as to extent of general and special authority, see

General Assent; Special Agent; note 350; Young 351; Bass

351 : note 352; Hover 770.

Authority to borrow, general rule, note 439.

Power perilous, Exchange 433.

When not Implied, Williams 154.

Of cashier of bank, Moores 297.

To buy. not authority to lend money, Nye 168; Salmon 356.

Of manager of business, Beecher 353; note 358.

How limited. Born 353; note 354.

When Implied from previous acts. Smith 354; note 358.

incidental to the general authority, Salmon 356; note 358.

What may be bought, Brown 357.

On credit, Saugerties 358 and note; Sprague 300; Morey 361.

To collect, when implied, in general, Barrett 414; Butman 415.

a course of dealing, Harrison 424; note 425.

From possession of securities, ''lark 244; Burchard 288; note 289;

Howard 392; Roberts 415; Martyn H6; Wolstenholm 410; Cur-

tis 117: Joy H9; Smith 421; Harrison 424; Schmidt 822.

From power to sell, Cummins 291; Cape! 390; Higgins 391.

From authority to solicit orders, Hahnenfeld 393; Higgins 390.

To c,,iiect Interest, Joy 418 and note; Smith 420.

What Included, McAlpin 349.

When remit proceeds, licdell -"lis.

Of collecting agent to foreclose mortgage, Burchard 200.

To Indorse negotiable paper, Graham 430; note 431.

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[Tho flgu r s r r r to pagos]

.\ l l'll Hl 1 Y F .\ m. 'l 'n1ti11u l , 'lhinl l'll'"!'ll n~l'l'l'tnin nt Jll•ril, 'nmmiu -91; note 2 , 292; Gates

; t:l; nlso 'fhil'<l I' rst ns. ls:t~l nntl ·u~tlllll us nll°l'•tin~. Hur·bnrd 2''· awtborn ~Hl; Gates

:n I: ,lllhnst m 3:.! l; Kl'ith 3:!7 · uuwoody · .J.0; Mc.Alt>iu 3.J. ' ; I':I ~ 1 ll' ;1...,:.!.

Inl'idl•11t:1l p1nHr, Hnr ·hard :21" '; l!\um rs 335; unwoody 340; Mc-_\Jpiu ;{ k : '1murn' ~WO; l'ay11 3 '3. 'l' i'l' n r nu th n r it~ .

M n. ur cl hy h lding out of principal, Haubelt 301; note 322; John t n llEJHls u1>on. not ~:H.

A ·ts within Sl' p bind principal, Mus ey 294; Griggs 300. Frnn1ls. >t ... <'"Torts.

ut~i11 sc J) of authority, ummins 291 and not ; Moores :2!l7: Gate. • l:{: ambill 34.

Of er n ral a~ent to d a t · naturally resulting, Grand Rapids :!!lei: rig,g. · 00.

Limitati n. on rut , Hut on 304. A ts for 11 rsonal ben fit of agent, note 292; Moore 297; Bank

30. ; ~Ic.\111in, 349: Hook 3 6. R al. o Double Ag ncy. A. shown by act or repre en tations of agent, Cummins 292;

note :29~; fu y -95; Grand Rapid 296; Moor . 297. A~ afi'ecting tort liability of principal, Birkitt 761 and note;

Ma ·kay 763: note 765; M 'ord 766. Of gen ral and p cial aa ncie , note 20; Bank 307; note 335; Mc

Alpin 34 . Pre. umption agency general rather than special, Sharp , 29. Limitations on authority in, Gate 313; Batty 350; YounO' 351;

Brown 3 5; D nman 395. Wh 11 unknown. ~ ntrim . 21; Sorrel 345; not . , 5.

Scope of apparent authority, Mussey 294; Johnston 323; Keith 3~6; note 334; Pacific 343; Sorrel 345; H eath 3GG; Wil. on 4-2.

Di. tinc·tion. a. to extent of g<'n ral and special authority, see en ral Ag nt; p cial Ag nt; note 350; Young 351; Bass

3:-1 : notc> :;:1:!. : Hoyer 77G. Authority to IJorrow, general rule. note 439.

ower p rilous. Exclrnn~ 433. Th n not impliE>c1, \Yilliams 154. f ca bier of hank, Moore 297.

To IJuy, not authority to lend money, Nye 168; Salmon 356. f rnanag: r of bu in s., B ecber 353; note 35 .

IIow limitN1. Born 353; note 354. WbPn impliNl from rrevious acts .• mith 3!54; note 358.

In<'i1lc·utnl tu th g neral authority, 'alm n 356; note 358. 'hat 111ay l1P bought, Brown 3:"7. n «r <lit, ,':iugc•rti: :~:),' and note; pragu 360; Morey 361.

To r.oll<><'t. wh n irnpli<'d, in g n ral, Barrett 414; utman 415. Fro111 r·onrsP of <lf'aling, Harrison 4-4; not 425. Fro111 po. ·s1>. ·.· icm of !Wf'urHi ·, Clark 244; Bur hard 2 ; note 289;

llcn·ar<l :m2; HolJl"rt. 41:-; I:utyn 41G; \Vol t nholm 16; Cur-ti: 417: Joy 410; ,'1J1ith 421; Ilani.on 424; chmidt 22.

Frolll vo · r t(J :l·ll, ('uu1min: 291; 'ar I :3n ; Higgin. 391. From authority to . oli('it or<l •r., Ilahnenf Id 93; Higgins 390.

To <·<1ll<•et intN<>:t, .Joy 41 and note; mith 420. What in«luc1N1, ~I<·.\lpin ~31!). 'WlH·n r<'11Jit 11r<1r·c:Nl:, B('(]c•ll f)!), .

Of <'Ollf'<; tin~ ag<•11t tr1 fore<·losc• mortgng , Bur ·hard 2!10. Tu iullor ·e IH;giJtialJle vav •r, Grallam 4:Jo; not 431.

INDEX 861


AUTHORITY OF AGENT— Continued,

Receive only cash in payment, Mann 411: Barker 426; note 427'

Dixon 428; Miller 429.

Not before or after maturity. Mann ni: Schmidt 822.

Compromise or compound the debt, McAlpin .". 18; Miller 429; Tootle

432 and note: Wry \\:\.

To manage business, Dunw ly 340; Pacific 344; oote 439.

!)".■> lmt include power to Indorse negotiable paper, Gould

To lease or rent property, note 439.

To settle claims and bring suit, oote 439.

To make contracts of employment, Dote »;'>: see also Attorney at Law:

Physician.

To make and indorse negotiable paper, Graham 430; note 431; Exchange

133; not,. 134; Gould 139.

Strict construction, r.ank 136; Dusenbury 655.

To sell personal property, sec Liability of A.gen1 to Principal for Loyalty.

Possession as proof of, Pickering 319; Peerless 363; Covill 364;

Heath 366; note 368; Howard 392; Biggins 390; Schmidt B22.

Not implied from authority to solicit orders. Clough 368; Biggins

390; Hahnenfeld 393.

Or to buy. note 369.

Of manager of business, Scudder ::>•.'.»

To warrant quality, Herring ::7<»: no te 372, :'.7.:: Brady :;:.".: w

urn :;t«'.: Conkling ::77: Upton 378.

To rescind sale, Bradford 394; Denman 395; note ::'.>»;.

Not to exchange, Trudo LOO; Taylor 384; Hook 386.

To sell for cash only, note 384; Book :»;.

When agent may collect, Ctammins 291; Cape! 390; Biggins :;:•]

Hahnenfeld 393.

To fix terms, Bass 351; Daylight379; Sttrn 381; Brown 386; Book

386.

When sell on credit. Barksdale 318; Upton 378; Payne 882.

Usa.tre and custom. I.; en 1, .>\

Authority of factor, Daylight 379; Leach 388.

< »f auctioneer, Dpton -';7'.».

May -ell in the usual manner. DptOD 878.

May do the nsuaJ and necessary thin--. Keith 827; Bass 861; Payne

383.

Limitations, Brady 876; Conkling .".77: Payne 888.

To sell real estate,

May be Implied, Man- 896; Lyon 101.

Miit be clear, note :::i7.

Not from power to find purchaser, McCullougb 807; Cat

KK)

When written power required, Carstens 890; Bee aJ o ka

thorlty.

Strictlj construed, Penfold 108.

What may Bell, Penfold 103.

Power of agent to ti\ term-, Trundj 52; McGullou iTuUerton

li::.

'i o i i! -li credit, Whitlej L61

To collect the price, Mann 108; note W9

I li cash only, Mann 111. I lampton 1 12,

Not after agencj terminated, Clark 244; d D

To maki conveyance with warrant i Valentine

106; note 106; Bchulta k»t : note W

equitable com rai t to ■ "in ej . Lj on 401 ed.

To modify or re cind, Hampton 112; Puller ton U3; note ill

BAIL1 i

Agent as, Faulkner 719; Oilmore v,| 7, Loveless B1L

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r_·nr:x 861 (The figures refer to pages]

AUTHOIUTY OF E. ·T- ontinuec.l. Receive only ca h in pa, ment, )fann 411: Barker 4~G: note 4~7:

Dix n 42 ; l\lill r 4:!1:}. 1·ot lJ fore or aft r maturity. ~Iann 411: . d1111idt :!:.!.

ompromis or ·ompound the d llt, :\k.\lpin :1-:l : J. Iill 'l' ·!'..? : Tootle 4::):2 and note : \ r:r 443.

'l'o manage bu in . . . Dunwoody 340: Pacitit: :i-l-l: nutl' 4;m. Doe· not in ·lude power to indor e negotiable t>ati •r, }uuld 439.

To lea. ·e or r 'nt i rop rty note 4:Jn. T o cttle claim and bring . uit, not 439. T o make contra t of mployment not 440: ee al o .\ttoroey at La :

hy. ician. T o make and i.udor e negotiable p,,per, raham 4:30: not 4:n; E.·clwng'

4:{3 · not 434; ou ld 4; 9. trict con. tru tion, ank -±: 6: Du. en bury u:>:>.

T o ell per nal property, e Liability f .\.g nt to Prin<'ipnl fnr Loyalty.

T o

Po:: ion a vroof of, Pkk ring :nn; P erl '!".· ::ti'l: l oYill : ·4: II ea th 36 ; note 3fi. : IIow·arcl :m:...; Higgin : DO: •clunitlt -~·

Not impli d from authorit. to ~olicit ord lough 3 '. ; IJi~gLn. 390; Hahn nfcld 3 3. r t buy. n te ;J(i9.

f manag r of bu in .. ·, • c·udtl r : 6!l. To warrant quality. II rring 37 ; uot : 72, , 7. ; Brady 37:-;

urn 37U; onkling : 77; rpt n 37 · . To re. cind ~al . Bradford 304; D nma n :1. :3: not 396. Not to e. <:haoge, Trudo 100; Taylor :: -!; IIo l\: :J To . ell for ·a h only, not :~ 4; Hool' :l U.

·ben ag nt may oll ·t, ,ummin' :.. 1; Iluhn nf Id :393,

np l :l. IIip:gin

e t-

~!ll:

T o fix term., Ba .. 351; Dayli ht ~7. ; ,"'tirn :1 1; I rowu .i; Hool· 3 (j,

hn ell on credit, Bark <la l :n ag and c:u t m, Lra 11 :l , .

Authority of fa tor. I>a~ light !llfl; Of auction r, t pton :nn.

Gpton :17, ; Payn

l\lay ,·ell in th u.·ual muun •r, Upton :17 .

2.

lay <lo th u ·ual ancl 11 :.·ury thin~:, K ith. -7: Bn .. 3fl; nyn1 :~ :t

Li111itn lion:, rndy : 7!3; onli:Jing :177; Pnyn ell r al stat . lay lw illl)llic•d, Marr :1. G; Lyon I 1.

Mu. ·t IJC> ·lt•}ll', llOlC' :m7 . • ·ot from pow 1' to !incl (IUl'dlll.· r, l\frC..., ul1011 •h !1. i;

1 0. When writ t •n fJCJWC'l' r •q11ir •ti, 'Ill\ t 11 a . ; H

thori ly . .'f!'l<•l Jy !'Otl. • ( nll'd, }1Pllfllld 111::.

•hat lllll.\' .'t•ll, f'P11l11ld 10::. I O\\'Pl' ol' 11~1·111 111 fi .· IPl'lll , 'J'n1111ly .i'..!, ' Jd'11llo11 •h ::'l

11 ::. 'J'o .'I'll n11 1•n•dtt. \\'hltl1•,\' 11:1. 'J'11 1·111)p1•t t l1r> prll'1'. .\1 : 11111 !fl : 11111 r• 111~1 .

I 11 1•:1 h 11111)' , \lfl 1111 111 . I l11111pt Ill •I I!.! . • ' ol 111t"r ug1•111 ·y l"1·111i111t• •d, 1' l11rl 211 ;

'l'n 111al P 1·011\' t•)Ulll 1• with w111 · r1111t~. 1 ' 111 11•11

IO:i; ll(ll • 111:; .'1'1111lt~ II i; 1111tp Ill : 111•111 flrif'cl a s r p1lt11hll' 1•1111tr11r I t• "'111\' •y, l, y 11 IOI; ' l'o m1111ify 111· r" 1•inrl, llnrn1•l1111 •11:.!: I 1111 • ' l 11

Ill' l 11 .

.1\ \I •

1• u ll<•rl 11

R A Tf,P.f•,, ,.\ •1·11 us, Fu11ll 11 •r 71fl: <:Jim m fli; I l I.

862 [NDBX


BANK, see Cashier; Corporation.

\- collecting agent, sec Delegation of Authority.

Monej deposited In agent's name, note 590, 591; Cartwell 593.

BANKR1 PTCY, see Termination of Agency.

<»r principal as affecting Liability of agent, Bartop 069.

BENEFITS,

Acceptance of as ratification, sec Ratification.

B] WKS IN A DEED,

Power to nil. Sheppard <',:.; Cribben 66; note 68; Swartz G9.

BORROW,

Authoritj of agenl to, Williams l~>.",: see also Authority to Borrow.

BR( >KER

Authority to collect, Biggins 390.

When principal undisclosed, note 798.

To sell in own oame, Pickering 319; Biggins 390.

Real estate broker, power to sell, McCullough 397; note 398.

Defined, Carstens 399. •

Right to act for two parties, Gaty 513.

Liability for accounting, King M. r >.

Liability when principal not disclosed, note G75.

Compensation, when earned. Kelly 259; Carstens 399; Gillett G30; At-

tn 11 632; note 634; La Force 634.

From both parties, Rupp 518; see also Double Agency.

When forfeited, Atterbury »;:;7: see also Compensation of Agent.

Who to sue or be sued on contract of, Ford 791; Beebee 792; Humphrey

Tit::.

BURDEN OF PROOF, see Evidence.

BUY,

Agent to, see Authority to Ruy; Liability of Agent for Loyalty.

CAPACITY TO ACT, see Principal; Agent; Clubs and Unincorporated So-

cieties.

CARE AND SKILL, see Liability of Agent.

CASBIER,

nt ion of drafts by, City 4G0.

Liability of hanks on checks signed by, Liebscber 47G; Brenner 725.

As office cash keeper, Exchange 433.

CBECKS, see Authority to Make Negotiable Paper.

<•Illl.li. see Infant.

CLUBS AND UNINCORPORATED SOCIETIES, see Joint Principals.

Who liable for contracts of, Ehrmantraut 113; Eichbaum, GG5; note 666;

Codding 668.

Nol partnerships, Ehrmantraut 113; Eichbaum GG5; note 6GG.

Ratification by, Ehrmantraut 113.

COLLECTING AGENT,

Liability of, see Delegation of Authority.

Authority to collect, see Authority.

COLLUSION,

Between agenl and third person, note 807.

COMMISSION merchant, see Factor.

COMMISSIONS OF AGENT, see Compensation.

COMPENSATION OF AGENT, see Actions in Quantum Meruit; Lien.

Right In general, Krekeler 605; note 606; Lockwood 607.

nt of pay. Wallace 608; note 609; Millar 010.

< tt' attorney at law, Vilas 610.

When contract for Implied, Harrison G12.

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l .. ) ,_ 1:-.i llE -

[Th fi gur 's r Clr to png s]

l' .\ 1-. "l'l' ';tshkr; 'orpnrntinn. \..; l'tilh (Ill:.,. :l!!l'lll, Sl'l' }h•l •!!illiOll Of .\nlht rity. h111 •y d1•pt1 lll'd in ll!!" nt's nnnw. not :i!lO, r:: 91· arlw 11 r-;:93.

l \ h l'l l"L'l ' \ . !"l'(' Tnllli11:1t ion • 1' .\gl'IH'.\'.

lf prilll ip:ll as ntr •· ting lialliltly of ngcnt, Ilad I> G .

1 I'. TFIT~. \t'l l'Pl:llHt' 11' ns rn tili ·al ion, st•c hnlifienlion.

i·r V\r~ 1 .\ nm:n. l\•wt•r ltl lill. ~ht ppanl ti.>: 'riblwn GG; not G ; wartz G9.

l'H \\ . • \n th11rity t f a!!"t'nt to, \Yillinms 1;:;: ; e al. o Authority to Borrow.

Irn lKEH . • \.ulhorit~ to 1·nllt'l't, Il i!!"gins :mo.

\Yht•n prindpnl Ull<li:-;<·lost•d, n te 79 . T1 :-;t•ll in own Wlllll'. l'ick ring :~rn; Higgi n 90. l'l•a l •stalt' lirol, •r. iwwer to s 11, 1\I · ullough 97; note 398.

J)l'litll'll. 'arstl'ns ::nn. Hi ::ht t a 't for two parti . , aty 513.

Li:l hi Ii t ~ for :ll'l'O\lll ti IH?;. King ' 15. in Iii! it~ when principn l not di ::; ·losed, note 675.

'tlllll't'llsntion. wllcn am cl, K ll y 2i:::9; a r s ten 399; Gillett 630; At-trill (i:l:~: 11 te 634; La For e 634.

Frnm both parti . . Ruvp Gm: e a lso tDoubl Agen y. \Yhen forfeited. Atterbury G37; ec al. o omp n ation of Acrent.

\Ybo to . u or be u d on contract of, Ford 791; Beebee 792; Humphrey ~ 'i!l:J.

HChDE. - F PRO F, see Evid n I rY .

• \gent t , . ee .\.uthority to Buy; Liability of Agent for Loyalty .

. \P. C'ITY TO .\ 'l', . e Principal; Aacnt; Club and Unincorporated So·i tie·.

'.\RE A . ·n ,'KILL, Liability of Agent. ".\. _III ER

Exe<'ution f draft. by, City 460. Lial1ility f 1Ja11ks on ·h ·ks .·i crn cl by, Lieb cber 476; Brenner 725 . . \. otlii-e a.-h k l)Cl', Excban, 433.

<'IlE 'K, ·. s ,e .\.uthority to l\Iak gotiable Paper. <'III LI J, · •e Infant.

..: rxr:. · .\. ·r> r. "L '('ORPOilA'l'E IETIES, see Joint Principals. \\ lto lialil for ('ontraet of, Ehrmantraul 113; Ei ·hbaum, 665; note 666;

( 'IJ<l!lillf! (j(j .

• "ut partll r.-hiw, Ehrmantraut 113; Eichbaum 665; note 666. Hatilic-atiou by, Ehru1antraut 113.

LLECTL ' G .H;E. "T, Liahilit~· of. n• lJ •I ~ation of Authority . • \. 11lwrity to <·1,11 c:t, se • Authority.

<.., LL.r-:10.·. l:r·tw •P11 ai.!Plll :tllC1 third I>ersun, note 07 .

.\DIJ.".'IfJ . .\lEit<'JI.\.-T, ."' Fa<·tor.

< I' .Ha:. ·T, s<·P Action.- in Quantum M ruit; Lien. Hii.!ht in ~c·1wral, KrPk •lc'r 000; i10l 1 006; Loc:kw d 007 • .Arn111rnt 01' 1m.r, Walla<·, (j0, ; not G09; J\lillar 610.

< f att1Jr1H 1,\' at law, \°il:t." GlO.

Wlleu «011tra<.:t fur imvli ·u, Harrison 612.

INDEX


COMPENSATION OF AGENT— Continued

When agency for illegal purpose, Lyon 40; Trlst 43; note 40: see also

Double Agency.

When principal refuses to curry out contract, Gosa r.'T.

When agent abandons agency, Timberlake 615 and note.

When discharged, see also Reimbursement; Atkin l':;7 : Sheahan 227;

Glover 229 and following; McFarren 619; note 620; Hlldebrand

• '.mi: Merriman trji: aote 629.

Constructive service doctrine, McMullan 624; note 627.

When disloyal, Andrews 517; oote ">i s : Turnbull 521; McKinley 524;

Banl 618; Atterbury ti.".7: note 638.

Acts as mere middleman, Rupp 518.

Commissions when earned, Kellj 259; Carstens 400; Merriman 628; Gil«

lett 630; Attrill 632; note 634.

When fails to make proper accounting, note 588.

When agency expires before purpose accomplished, Lt 834.

COMPROMISE,

Authority of agent to, see Authority to Collect

CONDUCT OF PRINCIPAL,

As establishing agency, see Creation of Agency; Authority, Implied;

Estoppel : Ratification.

CONFIDENCE, see Delegation; Double Agency.

CONSTRUCTION «>r AUTHORITY,

in view of surrounding circumstances, Lyon 401; Brantley 140; Bee

alSO Usage and <'nsti.ni.

And of the whole contract, Taylor 12; Trundy 52.

When written, Cummins 292; Farmers 335. j0t

Question for court, Bee Trial. *

Strict construction power of attorney, Cummins 292; Brantley 441;

note 1 1^ : Renwick I I s .

Includes usual and necessary acts, Hemstreel 445.

Ambiguous power, Very 143; Hopw 1 I 16.

Restrained to business of principal, Brantley 441; Renwick 149.

Genera] words how construed, Born 354; Renwick II s .

Intentions regarded, Man- 396; note 406; Beinstreel 145 ami note;

Keidan 173.

Also way intent i- effected, ■ !larke 154.

To convey land. Penfold 104; aote 106; Hemstreel 146.

CONSTRUCTIVE SERVICE, Bee Compensation.

HNGENT FEES,

Lyon i": Trial i»'> and note.

CONTINUING EMPLOYMENT,

Presumed at former wages, Wallace 608; Bee also Yearly Hiring.

CON! k \<"i\

( )f dgen j gee < !real Ion of Relal Ion.

Illegal, Bee Ratification; Liabilltj «<r Agenl for Accounting; i

Agent on what contrad liable, see Liability of Igent to Third Pi

Authority.

CONTR K3TS i MD1 B 31 W-

[> ower f atto Seal Authoritj i nder.

. ution of by agent, ■ ■ i • ■ " :i "" of Authority.

in presence of prim l|

i ,, . .i ., equltablt I to convej ee l>

COOT BRSIOH Bl THE V

Of ,, ■•.. Schan

:it d bj the I'm" I] i ■ H ,; -

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L"DEX

43; not 4G; se nl ·o

Bihl lmuul

y -:.!-1:

ten 400; 21forriruau ·• il-

a ·c:ouutin~. note 3 . . hen a~ uey 1n11·11use a 'L'Olllllli h d, Ln Fore 34.

_\uthority t oll, -t.

e r ation of .\ .. , 'Ill'Y · J .. utbority Im11li 'l1:

1 gn ti on · oulJl ~\g n y.

F A 'TII RI'l' , Yi w of .·urrounding cir ·um. tnue · , Lyon 401; Brantl ·11 s •1•

al· r!'a~, :11111 u . tom. An<l of th "hol ·011tm t, Taylor 1:..: Trun11y ii:...

h u writtt>u, ('um111i11: :.!!l:!: Fnr111l't'. ' :::1:>. iu .tion for t mt .. e Trial. #

trict <·oustruC'tion pow r of a ttornt y, 'un1111in: rantlt y 4 11 : not -:1-:1:2 • Ht>nwick -l-l . .

In Incl s u .· ual aud npc· .'.an· ads. l fp111st r • l I l:i . • \111l1i~nons po\\ er. \'pr_r -lJ'.l : ' 1Tup\\'11111l I Iii. H . lrninN1 to Jiu ·in ·. of J•rincipal, H1·a11ll<'Y -l J1:

,. n ml wonls how 1·011 ·tnwd. Uo1·11 :::;J; 1 •uwic>I· 11 . Jut ntio11s rc·~anll'd, )fat'!' :mo: not .. ·IUli; ll •111. ·tr 11:-i llllll uol

K iclan rr::. Also \\:t \ ' illl<'lll i: <'ffc><·(Pll, 'larkf' ·l:i I. •on vey 1;11111, l '1•11 fold Ill I ; 1101 <' to i; II •111 l r • ·L l13.

( '0111p 11:11 tlun.

ancl 11ot "

< • • ·'1 L ·u 1. ·c; J•:i\rr' r,o' ,rn. ·'I'. l'r >,'IJ llH!<l at f1Jl'llll )' \\'H;.!l' .', ' •a I l:H'!' (j I nl o ' •nl'l: Illrlt1.

C >. "J'H.\C:'I', Of n:! ·1w.r. ''" C'n·:ill1111 of HPl11tl1111. IllP'al , . •·e H:itlli eati1111: l,laliiilt\ 11r \ ~, 111 for \ c•111111l h 1•; <' 111)1'11 1-

ti1111 of \ iw111. \"P11t 1111 \\ l 111t 1•11111ru ~ t l111lllP, . 1 r r,1nhillty 111 \'Pill tu 'I hlrcl 1'1 11 1 :. "' 111 I• 11 11 1 11 ;\ n ~t111t , • "" 10:. p1•ut I 111 111 \ 111 h 1rll y.

c .. ; II l•' ,, i ; J t1 11

B64 i\i>i:\


CORPORATIONS,

Who agenl of, Trundy 52.

Ac. -lit how appointed, note <'>i.

Can ad only bj agent, Memphis 80; Zottman 131; Modern 599.

Authority of President, Thompson L05.

m j ratifj acts of agents, Kelsey 98; note '.»'•>.

Ratification bj of acts of promoters, Empress 91; Battelle 92.

ti cation by, hew made, Zottman 129.

Effect of. Merchants 161.

apparenl authority <>t" .u't'iiis, Johnston 324.

bility on unauthorized contracts of agent, lluupt 058.

Liability of agent, Thilmany ( »* .li.

Notice to directors of, Clemenl 77'.»: Fairfield 786 and note.

By-laws of, as limiting authority of agent, uote 304.

I I lURT,

Agency when question for, see Trial.

CREATION OF AGENCY, see Authority; Written Authority; Power of At-

torney : Seal. Authority 1'nder.

ends on contract, Raney 48; note 49.

Rests on will of principal, Raney 4S; Pole 49; Marlmry 209; Burke

-in; Burchard 287; note 2SS; see generally Termination of Agency

by Revocation.

How created in general, Caley 22 ; Pole 49; Geylin50; note 334; Farm-

ers •"•••;:» : Sharp 829.

Oral authority. Trundy 51.

]'..-. estoppel, Pole 50; Columbia 58; note 59; Johnston 324; Harrison

125.

l'-y writing, see Power of Attorney; Written Authority; Express Au-

thority.

Implied agency, Pole 49; Geylin 50; Trundy 51; note 53; Gregory 55.

Acts and conduct of principal, Haubelt 301; see also Authority, Im-

plied.

By ratification, Trundy 52; Soames 173; MacLean 174.

By a corporation, Trundy 52.

CREDIT, see Authority of Agent to Buy.

CUSTOM AM) USAGE, see Authority; Usage.

DAMAGES, ^ee Judgment; Compensation.

disobedience of agent, Minneapolis 559.

eg gence of agent, Walker 568; Cassaboglou 855.

No hiss shown, Folsom Sot; and note.

For wrongful discharge of agent, see Compensation of Agent; see also

Parke -i^: Glover s;-2\ Jacobs 240.

Rule as to measure of , Minneapolis 559 ; Adams 564; Walker 568; Cas-

Baboglou 855 ami note; Folsom 856 and note.

In action by third person against principal, Cawthorn 312.

DEATH, Bee Termination of Agency.

Liability of Principal and Agent in Tort,

Actions for, Thilmany 662.

I'l ' LA rations OF AGENT, see Evidence; Liability of Principal.

DEED,

Authority of agent to execute, see Contracts under Seal; Authority to

J Estate; Blanks in a Deed; Execution of Authority.

equitable contrad to convey, Lawrence 65; Morrow 70; Lyon 401;

Seal, Authority Under,

ecution of in principal's presence, Lewis 71.

DEI

Open to third person, see Liability of Third Person to Agent: to Prin-

cipal; Set-Off.

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I ·nE -

[The figur s r ! r to pagos]

' 11• l't ll' .\Tl , \\·lw :H:, t 111', '1'n1111l\" :i'.! . • \1!'1•11t h m· :1p1111i11 1t'd . '11111l <ll.

:rn 1111 1111h 1i,· :1:!1•111. :\ll•t11plti~ , 0: Zoltmnn 1 1 · l\I d t·n 599 • • \uth 1l'lt\ 11l' l'.l'l'!'ilil'lt t. 'l hn11q1so11 103 . • l.n· r 11 if\' :11'1:-; 11f :1~1'11ts. 1· l'ls1') !l~; note < D. 1·11iith .t1i1;n hy nf n<'ts of 111·1111101 •rs. I·~ mvrc . 1; tt lie 92. l'11titk:11h111 II\. ho" mad'. Zottman 1:.?U.

1:n •1•1 11f. ·. l1•n h:111ts llil. • 111 • ,,f :1ppnn•11t :111thorit) of n~(·nts, John. t n 3~4.

Li:1 hi ht) 1111 un11uthorizul 011trnct of ag nt, Haupt 658. Li:tliilily of <l~ •11t. Thil111:111y lili'.2.

111 h ,, 1l1 1lirl'<.'l 11·s nt'. Cl 'llH'll l 77D; Fairfi ld 7, G and note. Hy laws r. n limiting- authority of agent, note · 04.

l ll l'T, . \:! 'lit ) wlll'n qu •st ion for, Trial.

1 E.\'l'l 1. • OF AUE.· 'Y. :-;ee Authority ; Written Authority; Power of AttMn ) ; .'cal, .\.uthority l'ncl r.

I 'Jl1'111b on nntrn -t. Hau y 4,' ; note 49. I' ·.--t · on will of principal, Raney 4 ; Pol 49; Ma rbury 209; Burke

:!1 ; nr •I.lard :.! 7; not :.! ' ' ; ee g u rally Termination of Ag nc.:y tn· I •\·out tion.

11 n~,. er •ated in g n ral, al y 22; Pole 49; eylin 50; note 334; Farm-t•r · :!;);); 'harp 8:!9.

1ra1 authority, Trundy 51. Hy (' 'toI>I 1, Pole 30; olumbia 5 ; note 59; John ton 324; Harrison

-±~:- . y \\Titincr, ee Pow r of Attorney; Written Authority; Expre s Authority.

Imvti •cl agency, Pol 49; Geylin 50; Trundy 51; note 53; Gregory 55 . • \ ·t. and conclu ·t of principal, Haubelt 301; ee al o Authority, lm

pliecl. Dy ratitkation, 'l'rundy 52; 'oames 173; MacLean 174. By a l'uq1orati n. Truncly 52.

Authority of Ag nt to Buy. ·v AGE, ee Authority; Usage .

. M.\.<~L. ·. ·pe Judgment; ompen ation. I or cli. uloedi nc of ag- nt, Minneapolis 559. I or uc;.;li:.! nc of agent, '\Yalk r 5U ; Oas aboglou 855 •

• • u !tJ.-. · .·hown, l!'ol:orn ·r:u aud note. or wrou::ful rli:·wharge of agent, s e ompen ation of Agent; see also l'ark1• :!l ; <JlO\' r :.!:~~; Jacous 2-:10.

Hui· a. to rnea:ur of, )Iinnpapoli: 3-9; Adams 564; Walker 568; Cas~ahu;.:luu .. ;JG aucl uot ; Folsom 56 and uote.

In actiuu IJy tllircl 1J •r:-;ou again ·t principal, Cawthorn 312. EA'I ll, .. · T ru1iuatio11 of Ageucy .

.DE ·1:n, · · Lial1ility of l'rin ·ipal and Agent in Tort. .\ction f.,r, ThilmaDJ GU:2.

DEl'L\J .\'llU.'.' OF AGL''l', s e Evidence; Liability of Principal. DJ:I-:11,

.\uth rlty of a::ent to PXe<·11t1~. :r 'ontra ·ti und r , eal; Authority to • · ·11 H ·al C:tat"; I~lauki; in a Deed; Execution of Authority.

· 1ultalJI " 11utra<'t t11 <.:1J11n•)', La wren ·e U3; ~Ionow 70; Lyon 401; · al : ·al, ~\ uth•1rity Uucler.

Ex· ution of iu pri1Jl'ipal':-; pr .,·ence, Lewis 71. UI:.1 L. ·:1~.',

OJ ·n to third JH!L on, see Liability of Third Person to Agent ; to PrincI1ml ; '1Jt-< 1!.

INDEX 865


DEFINITION,

Of ••agency," Sternanian 4.

Of "agent" Echols 1.

Of "apparent authority," note 325.

Of "est"]. pel."' Steffens 77.

Of "factors," Blackstone's Com. 1.

Of "general and special agents," Gibson 20; Keith 326; Pacific 343:

Sorrel 346; McAlpin 348.

Of "ratification,"' Ellison 73; First Nat. Bank 73; Alexander 79; Town

176.

DEL CREDERE AGENCY, see Snelling 15, 18.

DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY.

Power to delegate. Catlin 483; Bonwell 484.

By joint agents, Loeb 4S1.

Duties involving no confidence or discretion. Eldridge 4S5 ; Norwich

486.

Usage and custom, Bonwell 4S4 ; Darling 400.

Subagent employed by consent of principal, Blowers 4S9.

Subagent is agent of whom, Woods 144; Louisville 4S8; Blowers 489;

Skinner 490.

Required by necessities of agency. Louisville 48S.

Liability of agent for acts of subagent, Clark 60.

Of a collecting agenl for acts of correspondent. Bradstreet 491:

Simpson 493; Hoag 503.

Of a bank. Simpson 494; note 498; Bant 199; note 502.

Of an attorney at law. Bradstreet 491; note 493.

DEMAND,

Necessity of before suing agent for conversion, see Actions in Trover.

Liability ol Agent for Accounting.

In case. Loveless S12.

For collections, Bradstreet 492.

DEPOSITS IN BANK, see Bank: Trust Fund: Liability of Agent for Ac-

counting.

DESOBIPTIO PERSONS, see Execution of Authority

DIRECTOR,

Authority of. see Corporations; Notice.

DISCHARGE OF AGENT, see Termination.

DISCRETION, see Delegation; Double Agency.

DISOBEDIENCE

< w Instructions, see Liability of Agent to Obey.

DOUBLE AGENCY, see Agency; Agent; Authority; Compensation of

Agent; Liability of Agent; Llabllitj of Principal.

DRUNKENNESS, see Termination of Agency.

DUTY, see Liability.

EARMARK 3 ee Money.

ELECTION, ee Liability of Undisclosed Principal

EMPLOYMENT,

Of agent, see Creation of Agency; Compensation of Agent

ENTIRE CONTRACT, see Ratification j Compensation of Agent

BQ1 ity.

Aiii,, ns in, so.- Actions.

ESTOPPEL, ee Creation of Agency; Authority, Apparent.

Distinguished from ratification, Steffens i>>. Judd L88; St Louis 167;

note 180.

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I:N'DEX


DEFIXITION, Of "agency," ternaman 4. Of "ao-ent, Echol 1. Of "apparent authority,' note 325. Of "e topp 1.., teft n 77. Of "fa tor , Bla k tone' Com. 1.

865

Of " en ral and pecial agent ," Gibson 20; Keith 326 · Pacific 343; orrel 346; Mc.Al pin 34 .

Of "ratification," Elli on 7 ; Fir t Nat. Bank 73; Alexander 79; Town 176.

DEL CREDERE AGE 1CY, ee Snelling 15, 18. DELE ATIOX OF TBORITY,

Power to dele at , a tlin 4 3; Bonwell 4 4. By joint a ent Loeb 4 l.

Dutie involving no confidence or di cretion, Eldridge 4 5; ~orwich 4 G.

U age and cu tom Bonwell 4 4: arling 490. Subageut employ d by con ent of principal, Blower 4 9.

ubavent i agent of whom Wood 144 · Loui ville 4 Blowers 4 9; kinner 490.

R 1uir d by ne ·e. iti of a en y, Loui ville 4 . Liability of ag n for a t of ·ul..Jag nt, Clark 0.

I C'l'Y,

f a ·olle ·ting a nt f r act of corre._p ndent, Brad~ tr et 491: • imp on 493; Hoao- 5 .

f a bank, imp n 494; n t 49 ; ank 40 ; not 50:... fanattoro · at law, rad ·tr t491; not 40 ..

Action in Trov r,

4 :....

'l'ru ·t Fund; Liability of Ag nt for A ·

Ex <·uti n of .\utb rits

y.

f A~Pnt to h y.

, \gpnc•); .\g nt; .\uthority· Ill[ 11 ·n lion

•1·minall u f A~C!tH'~.

• Llahillty.

~ r •utl n of ,\f.rl'll"Y; '0111ppn, ntl n of i \J! n.

Ji,. ·rr1 HE (' • 'IH.\ _.;'l, ·e ltntilk11tHJ11; (' mp n utlon f i\ g- •nt.

I~ ('JTY. Ar'linn ·

f:oou.l'n. · .-1".:r-:

[NDBX

[Tho figures refer to pngeo]

•iti Continued,

Genera] rale as to agency by, Johnston 324; Schmidt S22.

Elements giving rise to, Johnston 325.

Mu-i have been reliance i>\ party claiming, Patterson 330.

r.\ tDl N< i'.

No preeumptlorj of agency, note 288; Gates 313; Schmidt 821 and note.

Or of ratification, Wisconsin 824.

3sltj of showing, note 288; Gates 313.

Burden of proof on one asserting agency, I'ole 50; Gregory 50; note 2S8,

293; V;m Bppes 332; Schmidl 820; note 821.

On principal If sues on agent's contract, note 7'.>2.

On one setting up ratification, Brown 12N; Wisconsin 874 and note.

Shifting of burden, Dodge 569.

Agency bow shown, In general, Geylin 50; Trundy 51; note 288.

Authority of agenl of corporation, Trundy 52.

Admissibility of, faci to bo proven. Sharp S2S.

Admit If bas tendency to show agency, Dickinson S27; Tebbetts 847

South s -"".

(if conduct of principal, Webster 724; Lawrence 825; Dickinson 827

also Boldlng Out of Authority.

Of situation and circumstances of the parties, Sharp 828; note 830

South 850.

Of ratification of previous acts, Haubelt 302.

Of parol evidence, Lyons 826.

When authority is written, Claflin 338; Reese 341; Post 451; El-

liot 831 ; Mt. Morris 832 and note; see also Authority.

To explain, not contradict. Higgins 4G5; Barbre 466; note

467; Da r row 742; Ford 791.

To show value of services, Glover 232; Vilas 611.

Of acts of agent as proof of agency, Van Eppes 331; Lawrence 825;

Walsh 835 and note.

When shown principal knew of acts, Fowlds 836.

Of declarations, representations, etc., of agent, Gregory 56; Woods

144; note 288; Mussey 294; Moores 297; Bank 308; Gates 313;

note :;:i2: Dowden 7:51; Hill 774; Gambill 833; Garth 839;

Eagle 840; Peyton 844.

To show surrounding circumstances, Nichols 167.

As part of res gestae, .Mussey 294; Hovey 652; Hill 773; Moyle

841; Peyton 844.

As explanatory of transaction, Wales 838.

Mum trace to principal, note 332; Gambill 833; Fowlds 836;

Eagle 840.

Of testimony of agent, Haubelt 301; Wales 838 and note; Peyton 844.

Order of proof, note 834; Wales 838.

i.t and sufficiency for jury, Dickinson 827; Still 846; Tebbetts 847;

Booth 848; South 850.

Not for court it" properly submitted, note 849.

Ratification is question Cor jury. Kelley 1112.

Silence as evidence of, St. Louis L56.

Total want of evidence, Trudo 100; Gates 316.

EXCHANGE,

er of agent to, see Authority to Sell.

EXCLUSIVE AGENCY,

Revoeabillty, Bee Termination of Agency.

EXECUTION OF AUTHORITY,

In name of principal, Davis 23; Combes 38; Wilks 450.

Parol evidence to explain signature, Posl 151; note 457.

To bold principal, not excuse agent, Higgins 164; Barbre 400;

note 4<m.

ex© s of authority, Wilson 453 and note; note 479.

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ti I l . D ,.·

[Th figur s r r r to png s]

I c ll 'l'L L- 'l nti nnul, • Ill r:1l rul n t ng: n y by, Jtihn ton • -4-; Schmidt -2.

1 'h nil nt ~!Yi ng ri::; t ), J luu;; ton 3:..5. \I 11 ·t hn' l n r Jinn by pnrty !aiming att r on 330.

1 \'11 1' l' t1 11n umptilm t f ng n 'Y. n t '.2c\. : Ga t ' 1 ;

<lr nf rillilkn li n, \Yh• onsin c '.24. l'l' :,;~it) o( :,;llo\\ ing, n tl' :2S8; ,.a t

1 ur lpn l f pr of n m nss rting agency, P 1 50; r (f ry 56; note 2 . 8, :2\:1: \'an 1',1)11 ::t~: 'chmiclt :..o; not -1.

n priu •ipnl if su son ng"nt'g contract, not 7. -· 111 otH' s tting up rntifi ntion. Bro,Yn 12 ; Wi on in 74 and note . ."hirtiug of hunl n, Dodg 5lifl .

• \.. .... 'll ') how. hown. in g 1wrnl, Ueylin 50; Trun i y 51; not 2 .\ut hority 1f n!!<.>nt f orpnration, Trundy 5-.

\..d mi. ·sibil ity of. fn t t b 1n·o,·en, . harp 2 . • llmit if bas t nd n ·y to bow agen y, i kin ou 27; Tebbetts 847;

. utb :-o. f · nduct of prin ·ipal, W b -t r 724; r....awr nee 25; Dickinson 827; s . al. o Holding Out of Authority.

f :;;itun ti on anu cir um tance of the parties, Sharp 828; note 830 ; ,'outl1 ~5.

f ratifi ation of preYiou acts, Haubelt 302. f parol eYid n , Lyon 26.

b n authority is written, Claflin 33 ; Reese 341; Po t 451; Elliot 31; Mt. Morri 32 and not ; see al o Authority.

To explain, not contradict, Higgins 465; Barbre 466; note 467 ; arrow 7 42; Ford 791.

To ~ bow Yalue of eFice , Glo-ver 232; Vilas 611. Of act. of ag nt a proof of agency, Yan Eppes 331; Lawrence 825;

Wal h 3- and note. When hown principal knew of act , Fowld 836.

Of d cl:lration::;, r presentations. etc. , of agent, Gregory 56; Woods 14-±; note 2 ; l\lu y 294; Moores 297; Bank 30 ; Gates 313; not 882; D wden 731; Hill 774; Gambill 833; Garth 839; Eagle 40; P yton 44.

To . how surrounding circum tance , Nichols 167 . .A part of res ge. tre, l\lus ey 294 ; Hovey 652; Hill 773; Moyle

,Al; P yton 44. A. xplanator:r of transaction, Wales 38. :\Just trace to principal, note 332; Gambill 833; Fowlds 836;

Eagl 40. f t . timony of a~ent, IIaub lt 801; Wales 838 and note; Peyton 844. rder of vrnof, not 34; Wale. 3 .

W igbt ancl .·utfici n ·y for jury, Dick.in on 27; till 46; Tebbetts 847; Booth . 4 ; • 'outh , 50 .

• ·" for ·ourt if prop rly u!Jmitt d, note -l9. Itatitic-atiou i qu . tion for jury, Kell y 112 .

. 'ii enc a. \'id n ·e of, St. Louis 156. Total want of evid nc , "'rndo 100; Gate· 316.

EXCIL\ .. ;E, p,,w1·r of ag nt to, .: Authority to . ell.

L .. ... LT'.' I\' E .\GE. ·c·y, H<·\'o<'atiilit.r •. <' 'I' nniuation of Agency.

L.. I·J ...:1 ·T1 J •. OF A ·Tn RI'l'Y, Jn namP of principal, Davis 23: ombes 3 : Wilks 450.

lJarol e\'idenc to explain . ignature, Po: t 451; not 457. To hold principal, not excuse ag nt, Higgin. 464; Barbre 466;

note 4-07. Ex :cution in xce:: of authority, Wilson 453 and note; note 479.

INDEX 8G7


EXECUTION OF AUTHORITY— Continued,

Of sealed instruments, Clarke 455; Merchants 461; Van Dyke 7:>0; note

7.".!' : see also Contracts Under Seal.

Of simple contracts, Clarke 455; Frambach 456; note 159; City 460.

In agenfs name, Wiley 155; note 4": City 458.

Descriptive words added to signature, City 458; Tucker 478; note

479; Thilmany 661.

Look to whole instrument, Frambach 456 ; City 458.

Of negotiable instruments, Merchants 462.

Addition of descriptive words, Pratt 403 and note; Rawlings 470;

Keidan 17::: Liebscher 47f>.

Effect of various forms of signature, Tucker 478; note 479.

Parol evidence to explain. Merchants 162; Webster 754.

General rule, Keidan 472; Liebscher 176.

Rule strictly limited to ambiguities upon tare df paper, Rich-

mond 468 and note; Rawlings 470 and note; Liebscher 473.

By joint agents, Loeb 480; note im.

( )f a public nature, note 481.

By joint and several agents, Guthrie 482.

By a partnership, note 181.

EXPRESS AUTHORITY, see Authority; Seal, Authority Qnder; Creation of

icy; Blanks in a I teed.

By parol. Trundy 51.

Written, when necessary, Caley 22.

When required by statute of frauds. Worrall, G3 ; Law rem e64.

Sealed, when necessary, Worrall 00.

FACTORS,

Authority to sell on credit. Daylight ::7'.»: Leach 388.

To sell in own name, Leach 389.

To collect. Higgins 390.

Duty to obey instruction-. Barksdale 318; Hall 549; Greenleaf SSL

When disobey (o protect selves, Greenleaf 553; Feild 657.

Lien on goods, Porter 720.

Right againsl third persons, Porter 7i'".

Principal sue on contracts by, Beel 792; Barry 796.

Pursue property in hands of. Taylor sou.

Effect of failure to disclose principal, note 675.

FEME COVERT, Bee Married Woman.

FIDELITY, see Liability of Agenl for.

FIDUCIARY RELATIONS, see Liability of Agenl for Fidelity,

FORGERY,

Ratification of. Henry 61 . w llson S3; note Si.

FORM OF ACT ION, Bee Actions.

i i:.\i Mill REPRESENTATIONS, see Liability of Principal; Liability of

Agent to Third Persons.

GENERAL AG!

Defined, Gibson 20; Trundy 61; Keith 326; Pacific 343; Sorrel 846; M<-

Alpin 348.

Distinguished from special agents, Bank 307; Farmei 336; oote 84

Johnston ::•_•.•:; Keith 326; note 346.

to authority of, gee Authority of \

GOVERNMENT CONTRA* I

Contracts to procure, i ' e Purpo i ncy,

GHAI DITOU8 AGENT,

Llablllt] of, i •; Walker 667.

Whether presumed, Krekeler 606; note i

HOLDING OUT OF AUTHORITY, see Authority; Boo] ( Authority;

toppel; Llal lilt] oi Pi IndpaL

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I~DEX 867

Of

F.l.

Liability of . \ gP11l for.

4 1: \an D. k 1-0; note

ity 4

r 47 " ; note

and not ; na w1in°~ 4'i

479.

n1 r; ration or

orrall, La \Yr 11 -l.

7 L n l.l . . , .

. 1 : Hall :ii.: nr ul. f ij51. •uk•af :i:i:I; F •iltl ;:i--.

nnrry 'i

Fff T'CL\Jff HEL.\ TI ) -:, . l'l' Liability f .\ ~ 11 f1 r Flcl lily.

not 1.

T l11hllity < f 11rln<'lpal; Llnlllllt: l

l'f' I '11 r·1i11 r• of , \ •p11c•y.

fl f , [ >J.' f T (J) ,\l .'llflll:l ' IY, • .,\ uU1orlt~·; rlt) : t pp ·t · Lin hilil." o l'rhwip11 l.

INDEX

[Tlio figures refer to r«ges]

HUSBAND, Bee Married Woman.

As agenl of wife, McFarland 24; Peyton 843.

IDIOTS, Bee Principal; Agent

ILLEGALITY, Bee Ratification.

defense by agent against principal, Bee Liability of Agent for Account-

in g.

IMPLIED AGENCY, see Creation of Agency; Authority; Liability of Princi-

pal.

INCIDENTAL POWERS, see Authority.

ini >BMNITY, Bee Reimbursement.

ENDORSEMENT,

By agent, Bee Authority to Collect; to Make Negotiable Paper.

INFANT, Bee Creation of Agency.

As agenl of father, Tebbetts 143.

Capacity as agent, King 31.

As principal, McFarland 24; Williams 28; note 30.

INJUNCTION,

To restrain or compel performance of agency, see Termination of Agency,

by Revocation; by Renunciation.

INNOCENT PARTY,

One of two must suffer, Mundorff 120; Burch 257; note 292; Mussey 295;

Johnston 324; Saugerties 359; Covill 3G4; McCord 7G7.

When justified by conduct of principal, see Third Person; Authority.

INSANE PERSONS, see Principal.

INSANITY,

As revocation of agency, see Termination of Agency, by Operation of Law.

INSTRUCTIONS, see Authority.

INTENT, see Construction of Authority; Agency Distinguished from Sale.

To bind principal or agent, note 459.

To ratify. St. Louis 157.

INTEREST, see Liability of Agent for Accounting.

IRREVOCABILITY, Bee Ratification.

JOINT AGENTS,

Execution of authority by, Loeb 4S0; note 4S1.

Joint and several agents, Guthrie 4S2.

Appointment of as revocation of several authority, note 247.

JOINT PRINCEPALS, see Clubs.

I ers of a club, Ehrmantraut 113.

JUDGMENT AND DAMAGES, see Damages.

-mod by actual loss, Parke 218; Cassaboglou 855 and note.

When no loss shown, Folsom S5G and note.

For wrongful revocation of agency, see Termination of Agency.

Recoverable in suit by agent, Leterman 705 and cases following.

JURY, PROVINCE OF, Bee Trial.

KNOWLEDGE,

lit" facts essentia] to ratification, see Ratification.

of custom essential to land principal. Burchard 287; see also Usage.

t wij.n Imputed to principal, see Notice; Liability of Principal for

Not

LAND, see Authority to Sell Real Estate.

LAW.

ration of, see Creation of Agency.

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I. ' I i.;.·

[Th ngun r ! r to png s)

lit . lnrrl d \Y l'tlt:ln. \-. tl-d t lf \\it\, :\kFarlnnd :..l; I )tHl J3.

lilt l l ·.-.. 1 rindpnl: .\ ~t'nt.

II.LC •• \Ll l'\. Slt H:tlitlc:1tinn. . \ s 1h r lhl hy ll~l'llt against i rln

111:.!.

lpnl, Linbility of a nt for Account-

I. f1 T,,lE l . \ il' ' Y, I al.

r nti n f .\ "' ncy; Authority; Liability of !Princi-

11 r. WEIL. :s

H •imlrnr .\uthority.

m nt.

ollect; to Make Negotiable Paper.

; note 30.

Burch 257; note 292; Mu ey 295;

Authority.

Di tinguished from Sale.

Lial.Jility of Agen t for Accounting. II I EY '.\.I lLITY, e Ratification.

J note 4 1.

J

855 and note •

. J

1·. "( "'LLI c,1:. if act · 1• e11tial to ratifkation, f.;Ce Ratifi ation.

c f "ll t1rn1 r-. 11tial to hiucl pri11<"ival, Burcllard 2 7; see al o age. 1 f a!!Put wL ·11 im11ut ·cl tu priu ·irml, ·ee ~otice; Lia bility of Principal for

. ' otice.

L.\. ·r >, • • Authority to . ·en H al E.·tate. L.\ \',

.\"' •ncy by or cration of, ·ee Creation of Agency.

INDEX


869

LEASE, see Authority of Agent to.

Distinguished from agency, note 11.

LEGISLATION,

Contracts to procure, Lyon 41; note 42; Trist 43; note 46.

LIABILITY OF AGENT TO PRINCIPAL,

For fidelity and loyalty. In general, Lum 507; Hani 618.

Personal interest of agent, see Compensation of Agent; Lum 607 and

Dote; Jansen 509; Thompson 513; Andrews r> 1 7 ; Turnbull 521;

Dowdrii 7".t».

Double agency, Thompson 513; note 515; Everhart 515; see also

Double Agency.

When justified, Gatj 51 I; Rupp 519 and note.

Custom cannot justify, Turnbull 521; note 523.

Profit of agent, Turnbull 521; McKinley 524; note 534; Glower

535; Van Dusen 538; Kellogg 574.

Dealings with principal, Conkey 526; Kich 52S; Shannon 529; l

530; Forlaw531; Gower 535.

Rule extends to whom, Porlaw 533; note 534.

Must fully disclose lads. Van Dusen .~>:;7: note ."I.",.

When facts fully disclosed, Burke 540; Dennison, 542.

After termination of agency, Dennison ~>i-\ Bartholomew 544 and

note.

When do confidence reposed in agent, Spalding .">r>.

For obedience, in general, Wilson "i«'>: Hall .~i v : Adams .'><'> I.

in cases df extreme necessity, Wilson 546; Greenleaf 550.

To protect advances of agent, Feild 557.

Instructions ambiguous, Falsken 555.

Usage and custom, Ball 549; Greenleaf 551.

Ratification by principal, Bray 553; Falsken 556.

Form of remedy for disobedience, Minneapolis 559.

For negligence, general rule. Lake 562; Adams 564; Walker 567; Cassa-

boglou 855.

Measure of damages, Walker 568; Cassaboglou v -".r.: Folsom B56.

Does not insure againsl mistake. Richardson 561 : Lake 562 and note.

Exercise ordinary care, Morrison 5( 16.

When service gratuitous, Elsee 260; Morrison 565; Walker 567.

When agent abandons undertaking, Elsee 262; note 264; Cannon

Misfeasance and nonfeasance, i II ee 262; see also Liability In

Tort

For accounting, duty In general, Dodge 569 and note.

Account siimiiii be Itemized, Moyse8 572.

i or full amounl received, Kellogg .".7.". and note.

Accounting bj Bubagent, Tripler 575.

Effect of accounl Btated, Tharp 577 and note.

Title as between principal and agent, Salem 578.

q1 dispute principal' title, Dixon 579; Witman

Illegality as defense, Tenant 581; Baldwin 681; note 582; Bern

ard 583 note 68 I.

tertii, 1 lancock 586; Mo 686 ; note 686.

Commingling funds or property, Illinois 587; n

Lial lllty for Interest, Miller ■•'■'" Bedell •

Principal follow f I . Wbitecotnb 691; Veil 692; Taylor 799;

Pear* e B01 ; ee a o Tru ' i and

Monej deposited Ui agent's name, see Bans . Cartwell 50

Remittance ol ley, Warw Id •

l perm of liability, Salem 678; Moor< v "

w |g 816; nob

N, ce It ■ "i demand, Bnrtc " ,| note.

, ,| ; at Viod( rn 600 i

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L'DEX

[The figures refer to pages)

LEA E, ee Authority of Ag nt to. Di tin:?Ui hed from ag n y, note 11.

LEGI L..lTI _ , Contract to procure, L:ron 41; note 42 · Tri t 43; note 46.

6

515; E>erhart 51,.. ; ee al o

note r::-14; ow r

hannon r::._9 · not

1 alding ;"-!:5. : ..Atlam 3G4.

r ul af G- .

W 544 llD

ulk .r G17; n:~n-

For llf'Co1111ti11~. cl11ty Jn ~PJ11 ntl, I oc1•~ :> i! nn l 11 l ccouut .·houlrl l • 11 •111iz d, :'\Io~ .·c»· :i7:!.

l •or full a11111t111t l°l '<'l'h <l, i · llo~~ :ir:i and 11 t . Ac 011111 in" h:i. . 11'1a"P11(, 'I riplC'r -17:>. Ef'for·t or 11 · ·n1111l . ·tal1 •cl, 'fl1111·p :i77 nncl 1101 . Tl I u . IH•I\\ •IJ fll'l111'ip11I lllld n;.w111. I :111'111 :"17

Ill t

'llll110!1 '..!(i

!Jlahilll • in

, \_1:1·11 rli !'J111t1• J11"i111 ·lp nl' : lit IP, Pi. 1111 .17~. \\ 111111111 ,, I . Jl11•1mlll .\' a . d1•l1•11 . I', '1'1'11:1111 .i I; l \:tl<I\\ 111 ,, I; 1111!1• o1 ~: lt1 rn·

anl ., :: : 11111,. o1 t • . )11 . lf'l'lii, l l111w1wl " ri; ~111 . o1 o1; 11111 • ri Ii.

ommlugliu • f1111d . 111" pr11111 •rt y , l lll111il r. 7: 111111• .1 : :'.\I t • ~ ! . Li11 h lli1y for i11l1•n• I, :\I 111 .... r.!10 ; lt1•cl1'll .i!l!I l 'rl1wlp11l follow 1111111 • \\' hlt11•11111h o1!Jl \ 111 o1! ~; T u •lor '"'l'l:

l'Plll"l 'l' If; 11' :i i II ' I l'\I I 1· 1111d .

Mr1111•y rl1 •1111 llf'tl i11 ll JW lll ', 11 11 1111•, , r·1• 1::1111 ; R mill:1111 'C' 11 £ 111•1111 •y, \\' :11 ' \\il'! 11 o1! 1: 1 ' ,11 '1\\PJl ,,'I:: : 1-\Pd •II 1!1 . ] rm of Jlu!tl li ty . ."nlri111 .. ; ; \£111n o1!11 ; n utel 1117; I lu • l 1; \' II ·

Wii! IG; 11111•· 17. Nl''l' •• il,· 111 1!1 •11111 1111. B 11 rt1 •1 ; ,•11: : l\11d Pl l •• :1 11 11d 11 t i .

f ;I 1tl • hy a '1'111 , \111111•1 II r:rn1 : ! ' If l'l f'IHI.

s 7 1 1 i \ 1 > 1 : x

[The Qgurea refer to pages]

LIABILITY OF AGENT TO THIRD PERSON, see Execution of Authority;

1 delegation of Authority.

When binds t »« ► 1 1 1 self and principal, Merchants 162; Higgins 464.

neral rule. Frambacb 456; aote 157; Anderson 650; aote 651; Har-

top 669.

Credit i" agent exclusively, Anderson 650; Hovey 652; Hyde 729; Meek-

er 740.

Unauthorized contracts of agent, Berger 186; Lingenfelder 189; Smout

654; Thilmany 662.

Basis of liability, Dusenbury 665; Hall 656; note 657; Thilmany 662;

note 664.

on whai contract, Haupl 657; Hancock 659; note GOO.

Fraudulent representations of agent, Smout 654.

Nonexistent principal, Eiehbaum ('>•;"">; Codding G68; Hartop 0G9.

Burden of showing, aote 669; sec ;ils<> Clubs.

Contracts after deatb of principal, Smout 654.

Principal undisclosed, general rule, Murphy 671; Cochran G72; Winsor

673; Nichols 674; Holt 674; note G77; Darrow 742.

Who may I e bound, note 671.

Agenl bow relieve self. Cochran G72.

Rule as to auctioneer, Mercer 676.

For money paid by mistake, etc., Cary c>7s: Shepard 678; note 679.

When agent lias notice of mistake. Shepard 678; Burrough 684.

lias not changed position, Buller 681; note 682; Mowatt 683.

Has paid over before notice, Owen 688.

When right to money is In dispute, Sadler 685 and note.

For money obtained fraudulently, Moore 686; note 687.

For money paid by principal for third person, Williams 689; note 691.

In tort, for fraud. Bulkeley 692; Garrett 692 and note.

For conversion. Perkins 693 and note.

For trespass, Heugb 694 and note.

For nonfeasance. Cochran 672; Denny C94: Feltus 695.

Nonfeasance distinguished from misfeasance, Cochran 672; Greenberg

695; note 696; Baird 698; note G99.

I LABILITY OF PRINCIPAL TO AGENT, see Compensation; Reimbursement.

LIABILITY OF PRINCIPAL TO THIRD PERSONS,

Of principal for arts of agent, Kingan 8; Raney 47; Thompson 106; Gun-

ter, 285; Van Eppes 332.

Genera] rule stated, Haubelt 301; Farmers 334; Denman 395.

Scope of authority, Trundy 51; Brown 127; Ilaney 146; Farmers 334;

Payne 382; Wilson 452; see also Authority.

Acts known to be unauthorized, Whitley 161.

Acts for personal benefit of agent, McAlpin 348; see Double Agency.

On contracts made by agent, Webster 724; Brenner 725; note 726.

in agent's name. Brenner 72.",; Davis 726.

( ntside BCOpe Of authority. Marvin 72''.; Ft. Worth 728 and note.

On sole credit of agent, Hyde 72!) and note; Meeker 740.

Not for benefll of principal, Dowden 730 ; note7::i.

When agent acted for hoth parties, Kmpiro i:;2; note 73.3; Trus-

low, 736.

Rightfully, Wassell 734; note 735.

When principal is undisclosed, see Execution of Authority.

In general, Paterson 739; note 738; Meeker 740; Darrow

741; Thompson 743; Van Dyke 749.

When principal lias settled with agent, Heald 747; note 748;

1 ia now 7 ii' ; Thompson 7 13.

Contracts under seal. Van Dyke 750; note 7.Y_\

Negotiable Instruments, Webster 7."i;;; note 7.14.

Election to hold principal or agent, Greenburg 755; Tuthill

756; note 757; Lindquist 7.> s >; note 759.

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INDEX 871


LIABILITY OF PRINCIPAL TO THIRD PERSONS— Continued,

In tort, general rule, Kingan 8; Hern 760; Birkett 7»n and note; Mackay

763; note 765; McCord 766 and aote; Stickney 770.

Not In course of employment, Middleton 768; Stickney 770; note 771.

Fur frauds, Cooley 17'_': Hoyer 77."..

By ratification, Dempsey 198.

For conversion by ratification, Lewis 116.

For declarations, representations, etc., of agent, Keith 328; standard 772;

Hill 77.*'.: note 774; Boyer 775; see also Evidei

False representations, Hoyer 77.". and aote.

Admissions, Gunter 285.

For notice to agent, Merry 77''.: note 77'.': see also Not

An to subject-matter of agency, Field 777.

As to other matters, cote 779; Clement 77'.).

< >r Immaterial matters, Day 780; aote 781.

Time of receiving, Worslej 781; Mountford 7^; Distilled 783; aote

785; Fairfield 786.

Exceptions i" rule, Parsley 7 x v aote 7 v '.>.

LIABILITY OF THIRD PERSON TO AGENT,

In general not liable In contract, Gunn 7m ; Thatcher 7<H.

Contract in agenfs aame, Sargent 702; Leterman 705; Fisher 707; note

708; Bolder! 718.

Under seal. Schaefer 712; Neff 715; Van Dyke 750.

After termination <d' agency, Miller 704,

Defenses to action by agent, Leterman 706; Munis ~\r,; Holden 718.

For onknown principal, Shorl 709; Munis 716.

Agent recover back money, Stevenson 710; Cent 711.

In tort, sec Actions.

In general, Faulkner 719 and cases following.

For procuring discharge of agent, Moran 721 : note 722.

LIABILITY OF THIRD PERSON TO PRINCIPAL,

On contract made by agent, Ford 791; Beebee 792 and aote

In agent's name, Humphrej 793.

1 Qder seal, Schaefer 712; Neff 715.

Undisclosed principal, W Iruff 7'.u ; Barry 796.

Right of third person to elect with whom to deal, Winchester 794

note 7'.'."..

D< ft 1 ses open to third person, W Iruff 794; Barrj f96; note 797

Righl of third person to settle with agent, Copeland 798;

PittS 7'.is.

For funds or property of principal, Taylor 7:»'.t; aote I rust Fund

Money ("Earmarks") Lime 803; Taylor 800; aote 804.

Indicia of authority, Dean 804; aote v <"''.

In tort, PattisoD B06

collusion w iii. agent, aote m, t.

conversion of principal's property, Gllmore vn 7: aote v "^.

1 or enticing or Interfering with agent, Jones vn '.». note

LIEN OF \<.i.\ 1 . see Fad

Defined, Bj er 8 17

Right in general, Byer 647; Underwood 649.

Bow terminated, Byi 1 647 ; note 648.

LIMITATION!; •■■• Authority.

LOAN • a hi ii. .1 it > to Borrow : to Buy.

Ratification of, Nye L67 ; note 1 1 L

LOBBYING COOT RACl B, Trl 1 13.

LODI

Liability of meml ■ • « Hub*

LOl \LTi ■••• Liability of Agent to Principal.

LUNATIC, •.. Principal; a.

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I~DE_-

[Tbe figures refer to pages]

In

J,IE.' >I \Cf, , " I'. :111• I• :ll'lor:. J lr>fi1lf'rl, J:,\ 1•t'.', Ii Ii. lticllt 111 •1•111•1·al, 11 ~·1·1". Ii Ii; l 11dPl'W11od l I .. J lo w tPr111i11al"d, Jly .. r: it-17; 111111' 11 .

I., L\11 'J • \ 'l I Cl . ':, • "" , \ 11 I ho l'i I y.

L(JLHm, Lla!Jilllr of 11ir•111h 1· of, l't' 'l11li

!,())'ALTY, er Ll:il1lllly of ,\g111t lo l'r111d1 nl.

L • ",\Tf ', • · • l'1'11 wlpul ~ ,\g1111 .

i1

; ~fack:1y

taudaru ;-:..! :

al o _ "oti ·c.

7 i ·till u 7 :i; not'

r 701. ·11 r 7 i; not

Hohl n 11 ..

n t, 7:!:..

1111t •

nl \\lncb tr 'i!ll :

L l '1111d.

872 i M > i : x

l I'hr figures refer t<> pages]

MALFEASANCE, Bee Liability of Agent to Third Person, In Tort.

man \<;i: Bl SINESS, Bee Authority of Agent to Buy; to Manage Business.

MARRIAGE

a- termination of relation, Davis i'.:.

Brokerage, !'ii-t i i.

MARRIED WOMAN, See Busband.

Capacity as principal, McFarland 24.

Wit,, as agenl oi husband, Worrall 62; Steffans 7G; Wade 145.

MASTER,

Liability for servant's acts, Kingan S; note 9; Dempsey 198.

For servant's contracts, Saugerties 359.

MASTER AND SERVANT,

Distinguished from principal and agent, see Agency.

Historical survey, note 9; 1 »cmpsey 19S.

MECHANICAL ACTS, see Delegation of Authority.

MIDDLEMAN, see Broker.

MINISTERIAL ACTS, see Delegation of Authority.

MISFEASANCE, see Liability of Agent to Principal; to Third Person in

Tort

MONET,

Bas no earmarks, note 171: Taylor S00; Lime 803; note 804.

Received by collecting agent, see Authority to Collect.

< »f selling agent to receive, see Authority to Sell.

(if agent to recover back, see Liability of Third Lei-son to Agent.

Right of principal to follow, see Liability of Agent for Accounting; Lia-

bility of Third Person to Principal for Funds; Trust Fund.

Right of third person to, see Liability of Agent to Third Person.

MORTGAGE, see Loan; Blanks in a Deed; Authority to Collect; to Borrow.

Ml Mi I LA L CORPORATION,

ratification by, note 79, 99; Zottrnan 129.

MUTUALITY, see Ratification, Effect of, as to Third Person; Termination

uf Agency.

NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS, see Authority to Make; Construction of

Authority; Execution of Authority.

Parol evidence to ex [plain, see Evidence; Execution of Authority.

NON COMPOS MENTIS, see Principal; Agent.

NONFEASANCE, see Liability of Agent to Third Person in Tort; Gratu-

itous Agent.

NOTICE, see Liability "f Principal for Notice; Corporations.

Duty of agent to give, Modern 599; Clark GOO; Distilled 784; Fair-

field 7 V 7.

Presumption lie has done so, .Modern 600.

A- affecting statute of limitations. Teasley G02.

of termination of relation, see Termination of Agency.

PARENT,

Child a- agent of, see Infant.

PAROL AUTBORITT, see Authority; Express Authority.

PAR< »l lvidlv i. ■ ■ i Ldence.

PARTN1 B ■ ubs.

A- agent for partnership, Worrall 00; Lawrence <;::.

Agent of partnership not agenl of partners, Marvin 720.

Must be acceptable to all partners, note 238.

Authority to sell partnership property, Dean 805.

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[Th ftgu r s r ~ r r to png s)

:\ l \ l l ' l \.' \ I . • c Llnllilit) of . \ •Y(lll to 'l'hi r d r l'. n , in T rt. \l \ \ ;1 : l l ' l. I '· ~. · l' .\ utll r it) f .\ g nt to uy; to Manag Bu lness. \ l.\l' l' l.\l ; J ~ .

• \ .... ll'l'lllinati1ll l or nh1tion, Ia\"is :!:l. l' r11k •r:\ ~l'. T rl. t 11.

\l \l'H 11 ' 1 WO\! \ •. ~l

t ffan 76; Wade 145.

; note 9; rnpsey 198. 359.

ee Agency.

1 O', tion of Authority. :\II. T' I~.\."'.L • ' E , to Third Person in

T ort. :\f •• EY,

Ila · no ea rrna rk . . not 171 ; Taylor 00 ; Lime o. ; note 804. l'C' i Y d by coll 'tin er a cren t, e Authori ty to oll ct. f " lling ag n t to r ceive, , e Au th ority to , ell.

l f agen t to r tOY r back. e Liability of Third P r son to Agent. R ir::ht f 1n·in itlal to follow, L ia bility of Ag nt for Ace unting; Lia-

lii li ty of 'l'bircl P rsou to P rin ·ipal fo r Funds· Tru t Fund. Tii •1ht of third per::;on to, e Liability of Ag nt to Third P r on .

.\l< >HTG.Ha~ . ee Loan ; Blank in a ed; Authority to ollect; to Borrow .

.\Il . I< ' II'. \.TJ RP ATIO. ·, ratifi<-a t ion b;\', note 79 99; Zottrnan 12D .

.\I t"T ·.\LITY, .,e Ratifi atiou, Effect of, a· to Third Per on; Termination uf .\ " n ·y .

• ·r·:<; n T L\BLE r. ·,"rR . .\IB. ·T, , ee Authority to Make; Contruction of .\ ntlwrity : E x <·n tion of Authority-.

T'ar<•l .,·i<lc·ne to explain ·e EYidence; Execution of Authority . • · 11. • f 'CJ .\Il'O. · .\IE. ·TL ' , see Priu ·ipal; AO'ent.

• « 1. TE.\ .· .L "< 'E, .· Lia lJility of A rr nt to Third P er on in Tort; Gratu-it11u: .\ g 11 t.

· T J< 'E, . ,, Liability of Prin ·ipal for J. ' otice; orpora tion . 11uty of a~<'llt to giYe, .\Iocl rn fif>!); la rk 600; Distilled 784; Fair-

ti ld 7 7. P r1· muptiou lw has don so, .\Iod. rn GOO .

. \ · affH·tiug . ta t n l <' o f li rnita ti 11 s, T a 1 y 002. f t 1 rmi11ati1J11 of rc·lation, ._ e 'l'ermination of Agency.

l'.\ H E. .T <'hlld a :t'.!Pllt of, SN! I nfant.

I'.\W 1L .\ l"THIJIU 'I Y, ~ec· Authority; Expr l'.\W 1L E\. II JJ:. '<'E, ~·e~ L\'id.eu<:e. l' un. ·EH, "e Club· .

Au tho rity.

• \ a;.:1>11r for part11<•r.J1i11. \Yorrall GO; Lawrence 63 . • ~"nt r1f part11<'r~hip wit a~Pn t of partn rs, ·~\Iarvin 726.

)lu. t Ii" :t<"«•ptable t11 all )1a rtn r .·, note 23 '. Autnurity tu · ·11 11art1H1r.·bip v rove rty, Dean 05.

INDEX 873


PARTNER— Continued,

Execution of authority by, note 4S1.

Ratification of act of copartner. Bless 136.

Death of as terminating authority of partnership ageut, note I'M

PAYMENT,

For services of agent, see Compensation of Agent

To agent for principal, sec Authority to Collect; to Sell; Liability of

Third Person to Principal.

To agent for third person, see Liability of Agent to Third Person.

PERSONAL INFLUENCE, see Purposes of Agency.

PERSONAL LIABILITY,

Of agent, see Liability of Agent to Third Person; Warranty of Au-

thority.

PERSONAL TRUSTS, see Delegation of Authority.

PHYSICIAN.

Authority of agent to employ, note 14." ; Mobile 159.

POSSESSION,

Authority implied from, see Authority to Sell.

POST OFFICE,

To procure location of, note 42.

POWER COUPLED wiiii AN INTEREST, see Termination of Agency, by

Revocation; by Death.

POWER OF ATTORNEY, see Written Authority ; Express Authority.

When necessary, Caley 22.

Construction of, Bee Construction of Authority.

Recording, ' !aley 22.

Of insane person or infant, Williams 27.

Is a written document, Bit Morris 832.

PRINCIPAL, see Clubs and Unincorporated Societies; Liability of Princi-

pal ; of Agent ; of Third Person.

Who may ad as, Calej 22 and cases following.

Persons aon compos mentis, Davis 23, 282; McFarland 24

Married women as, McFarland 24.

Infants as, McFarland 24; Williams 28; aote 30.

Lunatics and persons oon sui juris, McFarland 24.

Insane persons as. Williams 27.

PRIVATE INSTRUCTIONS, see Authority.

PROFESSIONAL SERVICES, see Purposes of Agency.

PROFIG S,

rned by agent see Liabilltj of Agent tor Fidelity.

PR( >m< 'ii RS, see Corporations.

PUBLIC AGENTS,

Utlon of authority by. note 181.

Ideation of acta of, aote 79, 99.

i >, egatlon <>f authority by, note 183.

Persona] advantage In contract! by, note .mit.

PUBLIC OF! I'i H

Contracts tor Influencing, see Purj E Agency<

Ratification by, note 79

PUBLIC POLK ency.

PI RCHASE, i ■• Authority of Agenl to Lay.

PI RPOSES OF \'.i NCY,

Genera] rule. Klngan 7 ; Bllrerw I 33 i

Unlawful i": > ! " 1 : ' i;: - Oamblll

wiut cannot be d me b3 ag< at, < ■ 36.

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L'DEX


PARTNER-Continu d, Execution of authorit by, note 4 1. Ratification of act of corartn r, Ble 136. Death of a termtnating authority of partner hip ag nt, not ~ .. A.

PAY JK\T, For eITice of agent, e ompen ation of .\.g nt.

73

To a.,.ent for principal, Authority to oll ct· to ' 11; Liabilit. ot Third P r on to rincipal.

To agent for third per on, ee Liability of gent to Third r r on. PER 0 :rAL L~L 'E4 • E, ee Purpo e of _ g ncy. PER Q ... T.AL LI

.,.ent to Third Per on; Wnrrnntr of Au-

T ·, ee Del gation of Authority. PHY 'ICI~T

Authority of agent to employ note 14-; Mobile 159. p

to 11. p

T, e T rminati n of .Ag nc., y

uthority; ..... . pr uthority.

of Authority.

· Liability ot Prlncl-

I Pu fl JO •. ~ r \ ~ •ncy.

u for 1 Iu •ltty.

P nr,ro Aca·; ''l'. ·,

p

l' r

E .·N·utio11 ,,r u uthorlt .r hy, 11<111· I. Hatitimtioll of nrt or, note ill, !J!I . J><lrol-!'allon of n11th111·lty hy, 11111" I :: . f'pr nnal ach·n11t:q.{P 111 1·011tr11d h ·, 11111 ,, 7.

\ ncy.

, ' lh' Pl'WO rl :::7.; f '111111 rJ • Ill : ' I d I : : : ( ;n rnlJ111 3 1.

11 ' •Jll. f '01111 1• ; , i,

:....1.

s i 1 INIU'X

I riw figures refer to pages]

PURPOSES OF AGENOX Continued,

[mmoral purposes, Lyon 39.

Contrarj to public policy, Lyon 40; Trlst 11: Memphis 80.

Employment of personal Influence, Lyon i-'; Trist 44.

QUANTUM MERUIT, see Actions, Form of.

QUI i' \<'i T I'll: ALIUM, etc.,

Implication of the maxim, Sterna man 4; Kingan G; Silverwood, 33;

Stevenson 710.

RATIFICATION,

Defined, First 74; Alexander 79; Town 176.

Distinguished from adoption, Schreyer 76.

From estoppel, Steffens 74; note 76; Thompson 10S; Judd 133; St.

Louis l~>7 : note 160.

<>f previous acts as evidence of agency, Haubelt 302.

a-^ creating Implied authority, Trundy 52.

What may be ratified, in general, Alexander 79.

Void and voidable acts. McFarland 24; Memphis 80; Henry 81.

Forgery, see Forgery.

Who may ratify, Alexander 70 and note; First Nat. Bank 97.

A corporation, Kelsey 98; note 99.

An agent, Trudo 100; note 101.

Essentials of,

Assumption of agency. Ellison 73; First Nat. Bank 74; Wilson 85;

Wyckoff 86.

Existence of principal, Alexander 79: Empress 90; Battelle 92.

Act done for principal ratifying. Watson 94.

Knowledge of facts. Valley Bank 102; note 103; Moyle 104; Thomp-

son 107; note 110: Whitley 161.

Need not know legal effect of the facts, note 103; Kelley 110.

May assume risk without inquiry, Kelley 111; Ehrniantraut 114

and note: Lewis 116.

Acceptance of benefits not necessary, Thompson 107; Grant 125.

New consideration not necessary, First Nat. Bank 97; Grant

125; Ehrniantraut 114; Lewis 116; Thacher 117; Tebbetts

143.

Ratify all or none, Rudasill 119; Mundorff 120; National Co.

122; note 124; note 149; La Grande 165; Nye 169.

How when principal cannot be placed in statu quo, National

Co. 123; Cooley, 171.

Intent in ratify, Brown 128.

Relations of parties as showing, Ralphs 137.

Manner ,,{. in general, Zottman 130; Judd 133; Haney 140; St. Louis

1 57.

When must be in writing, Ehrniantraut 114; Judd 133.

Under seal, Beatb 134; Bless 135; note 136.

Statutory requirements, note 133.

Implied, Ralphs 137; Hartlove 140; Sanders 141.

When not, Danaher 112; Tebbetts 143 and note; Woods 144;

Wade l 15 and note.

By accepting benefits, National 122; Brown 12s; Rioss i:;o; Haney

117: note 149; Coykendall 151; La Grande 165.

When not a ratification, Williams 154.

May ratify withoul receiving benefits, Thompson 107; Grant

126.

By acquiescence, Lawrence 64; Kelsey 98; Thompson 107; Ralphs

L37; llartlovc 140.

Act of stranger or of agent, Ralphs 137; note 163; Ketchem

164.

Not compelled to ratify, Valley 102; Brown 127; Coykendall

151.

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Ii Ti\T E. -

[Tb flgur r r r to pag s]

0. 4'...; Tri t 44 .

. l .L ''lT:,)1 :,)H,h l'l T. :sl . \. •lion , l! orm f.

I I• \C'l'l' l'Fl' . \Lll' ?II. l't<' .. In111lkntinn tf th nHt.·im t rnamnn 4; E:Jngan 6 ; ilverwood, 33 ;

,'ll'H'll~tHl 710.

IL\.TU T .\'II .. , ldin'tl. Fir~t 7-!; Al .·and r 79: Town 176.

i$tin~ui:-;h' l fr m ad pti n, " ·hrey r 76. Frnm l'stop11 'l. ~t IT us 7-1; not 76; Tbomp on 108 ; Judd 133; St.

Ui l:i7; n t 160. f in·c,·ious a ts aR eYid n of agen y, Haub lt 02 .

• \ r atincr irnpli d autb rity, Trundy 52. hat may be rntifi d. in O'en ral, lexand r 79.

Yoid and v idabl act , l\IcFarland 24; Memphis 80; H enry 81. Fora- ry, Forgery.

ho may ratify, Al xand r 79 and note; Fir t Nat. Bank 97 . • \ orpora ti n, Kel. ·ey 9 ; n te 99 . .An a.,.ent, Trudo 100 ; note 101.

E ential of . .A .. muption of a.,. ncy, Elli on 73; F irst Nat. Bank 74 ; Wilson 85 ;

Wyckoff 6. Exi tence of principal, Alexander 79; Empres 90 ; Ba ttelle 92.

ct don for prin ipal ratifying, Watson 9-±. Knovvledge of fa ts, Valley Bank 102; note 103; Moyle 104; Thomp

. on 107; note 110; Whitley 161. Need not know legal effect of the fac t , note 103; K 11 y 110. May assume ri k without inquiry, Kelley 111 ; Ehrmantra ut 114

and note; Lewi 116 . .Acceptance of benefits not necessary, Thompson 107 ; Grant 125. New consideration not necessary, Fir st a t. Bank 97 ; Grant

125; Ehrmantraut 114; Lewis 116; Thacher 117; Tebbetts 143.

Ratify all or none, Rudasill 119 ; Mundorff 120; National Co. 122; note 124; note 149; La Grande 165; Nye 169.

IIow when principal cannot be placed in statu quo, National o. 123; 'ool y, 171.

Intent to ratify. Brown 1- . R lation of partie a . showing, Ralphs 137.

Manner f. in general, Zottman 130; J udd 133; Haney 146; St. Louis 157. 11 n mu. t be in writing, Ebrmantraut 114; Judd 133.

l-nder s al, neath UH; Bless 135; note 1..,6 . • tatutory r quir ment , note 133. Implied, Ralph: J 37; IIartlove 140; Sander 141.

·whrn nut. Danaher 142; T 'bbett 143 and note; Woods 144 ; ·wad H::J and note.

By a ·c·e1iti11g !Jene tit:, • 'ational 122; Brown 12, ; Bles 1 ~6 ; Haney HI: u11te Hf): ( 'oyk uclall 151; La Granue 165.

\"111•11 1wt a ratitku ion, \\' illiarns 154. :.\Jar ratify witliout r · •iving IJenefit ·, Tb mp on 107 ; Gran t

120. By ac:quie:<·f•n<· , Lawrence 64; Kelsey 9 ; Tbomp on 107; Ralphs

1:n ; IIartlove 140. A<·t of stran" r or of agent, Ralphs 137 ; n ot 1G ; Ketch em

1G4. I\ot rompelled to ratify, Valley 102; Brown 127; Coykendall

151.

INDEX 875


RATIFICATION— Continued,

When repudiation necessary, Mobile 160; Whitley 161 and

note: Ketchem 163 and note; Triggs 191; see also Estoppel.

By silence, St Louis 156; note 158; Mobile L59; note 160; Whitley

164

By bringing suit or enforcing contract, Kingan 7: La Grande 165;

Xicln.ls HIT: Perry 184.

Limitations. Nye 169; Cooley 171 : note 171.

Proof of. Wisconsin 824 ami note; see also Evident

I'm- court or jury. Kelley 112; note 853; see also Trial.

Effect of, in general, Steffens 78; Alexander 7'.": Memphis 80; Wilson

85; National Co. 124; Grant 125; /.oilman 130; Bless 135; Haney

146; Whitley 161; Soames 17::: Maclean 171: Town L76; Shuen-

feldti7^: Perrj 184; Bergerl86; Schanzl93; Dempsy 200; Far-

mers 202.

Of parol ratification, Worrall 61; Lawrenci

Cannot be revoked, Memphis 81; Sanders 141; Haney 146; Perry 184;

Coffin 1^.".

Of ratifying severable part, Moyle 105; note 124; Nye L69.

Effect of repudiation, Brown 128; Haney 146.

Of failure to repudiate, see Ratification by Acquiesce]

Limitations on retroactive effect of. Shuenfeldt 17'.".

When rights of third persons intervene, Graham 181.

As to the agent, Berger 187; Lingenfelder i v '-': Shepherd 194

Compensation to the agent, Goss 197.

Effect of inaction of principal, Triggs 19L

Of effort to protect himself, Triggs 191; Schanz 193.

When the agent Is a tort-feasor, note 195.

As to the principal, see Effect In General, also Wilson v.-, : Overbyl95;

197.

For the agent's tort, Dempsy 198.

As to third person, Farmers 202; note 206.

intervening riL'ht< of. Farmers 205; Graham 181.

REAL ESTATE AGENT, Bee Broker; Authority to Sell Real Estate; Com-

pensation.

REIMBURSEMENT AM> INDEMNITY OF AGENT, Bee Compensation of

Agent, when Discharged; Termination of Agency; Lien of Agent

■ in general, Adamson 638; note 639; Bacon 640; Powell <>\-; aote

643; Clifton 644 and note; Burbj 645; note '''hi.

As air.- tci by care and sUiii of agent, note 564

BENT, see Authority of Agent to Lease.

RENUNCIATION, Bee Termination of Agency.

REPRESENT LTIONS, Bee Liability of Principal; Liability of Agent to Third

Perse ; Evidence.

REPUD1 viM'V

< if unauthorized act, ■ • atlon.

a . . idence of agency, not

REPUTATION,

\ - evidence <>f agent . L&

RESCISSION OF CONTRAt i .

.\ nt tir .lit > oi Authority to SelL

i . i - i '

Acts and det laratlona or agent T 7t

irationa and ad ant as, Bill 71 ;

841; Peyton B44

;l l ROACTIVE BFJ I

Of ratitl Hon,

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JXDEX

RATIFICATI

j .I

1itley lf~1 nrnl • al o Lr·· 111 l.

uote 1 ·u: " L.itl 'Y

La 'rauu 1 -

0: Wil · n

. H 1: r •rry 1 ·1:

• ·y lli ..

·l' 11 e.

• lrn nz 1 !) ...

:!O I,

1:r:1hnm 1 1.

IlE.\L B. T,., TE A :rh. 'T. tnt : om-pen ation.

HELI ·n:E:\IE. 'T A. ·r J DE\L 'TTY < F A a: T. 11 < 'n111p111. ntl•'n f .\gent, \YhPn J1i. r·hnr:.; •11: 'I r111iu:ttinn nf \:,: ·111 y; fA1•11 (•f .\ •1•11t. i"lit in !J:Pl\ >r;tJ. , \1l:tll1.· 1111 fi;: : 11011' li;l!I; Hrt1 '111l Ii-Ill; }'11W •Jl 'I'..!; 11Vl

G1:J; Clifton 1; I~ 111111 1111ti•: H11rhy ti l:i: 111111· 1;1 ·. : affc<'t<•<l by c•arl' and :1'111 11f U" •11!, 11ul • - ·1.

HL i. 'T, .:£> • .\ulhorlly of .\~1 111 lo L •a· .

l'P T1•r111inn(l1Jn of \ ·1•1u'y .

. • • Llal>illtr of I 1rl11l'ipal; Llul.illlty t \ ut t 'I hlr

'" l'n lllknllon.

\uth rlt; to 11.

• J

v 7t'> INDEX

[Tho Qgurea refer to pages]

REVOCATION.

Of agency, see Termination of t ho Relation.

01 ratification, see Ratification.

SAI E,

Distinguished from agency, Echols 2; Taylor 13; Snelling 13.

Authority to make, see Authority to Sell; to Collect; Liability of Prin-

cipal to Third Person.

Compensation for, see Compensation of Agent

To agent, when binds principal, see Liability of Principal to Third Per-

son.

SCOPE OF AUTHORITY, see Liability of Principal; Authority; Trial, Prov-

Ince of « 'ourt and Jury.

Burden of proof in showing, Pole 50; note 821.

l lovi pro voi l. Sharp 829.

SEAL. AUTHORITY UNDER, see Authority; Execution of Authority ; Lia-

bility of Principal to Third Persons; Liability of Ageut to Third Per-

sons; Contracts Under Seal.

When necessary, Worrall 60.

Effect of act of agent when seal wanting, Worrall 61.

Conveyance as equitable contract to convey, Lawrence 65; Mor-

row 70.

Effecl when seal is not necessary, Worrall 62; Lawrence 65; Bless 136.

Distinction between sealed and unsealed, Cribben 67.

Statutes abolishing requirements, Swartz 69; note 70; Post 451.

Signature by agent in principal's presence, Lewis 71.

SECRET INSTRUCTIONS, see Authority.

SELL, see Sale.

SERVANT,

Distinguished from agent, see Agency.

Liability of in tort, Perkins 693; also Liability of Agent in Tort.

SET-OFF,

B3 agent in accounting with principal, Peterson 571; Illinois 587; note

591; Standard 771.

By third person in action by agent. Leterman 706; Morris 716.

In action by principal, Barry 796; note 797; Lime 804.

SEVERAL AGENTS,

Principal may have, Van Eppes 331.

SIGNATURE, see Ratification; Forgery; Execution of Authority; Deed;

Seal. Authority Under.

SLLENCE,

As ratification, see Ratification.

SIMPLE CONTRACTS, see Execution of Authority; Construction of Author-

ity ; Liability of Principal and Agent to Third Persons.

SOCIETY, see Clubs.

SON, see Infant.

SPECIAL AGENT,

Defined, <;il><on 20; Trundy 51; Pacific 343; Sorrel 346.

Distinguished from general agents, Bank 307; Farmers 335; note 343;

Johnston 323; Keith 326; note 345, 350.

A- io authority of, see Authority of Agent; Ratification.

Scope of authority of, Boyer 776; see Scope of Authority.

SPECIAL [N8TRUCTIONS, see Private Instructions.

8PECI1 IC PERFORMANCE,

agency not granted, see Termination of Authority by Revocation; by

Renunciation.

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-' r.rnm. [Tll Ogur r t rt pugs]

T ·• ' t) '.\Tl L, )f n:: ' Il l ~. ~ Tnrnlnnth n e th n lati n. )f rntil i •nti m, sc Ilntifi ·nti n.

~ - I. L.

E

I i~tin~nil'h 11ing 1 . Liability of Prin-

m1 n ati n f Agent. e Liability of Principal to Third Per-

Liability of Prin ipal; Authority; Trial, Prov-

Pol 50; note 821.

LiaPer-

on yance a 65; Mor-r w 70.

Effe t when seal is not necessary, Worrall 62; L awrence 65; Bless 136. Ltinction betwe n sealed and un ealed, Gribben 67. tatut abolishing requirements, Swartz 69; note 70; Post 451. iaoature by auent in principal's presence, Lewis 71 •

• E HET L.. TRUCTIO:N S, see Authority . • ELL, e ~ale.

ERY . ' T, DL tiugui hed from agent, see Agency. Liability of in tort, Perkins 693; also Liability of Agent in Tort.

ET- OFF r ag nt in accounting with principal, Peterson 571; Illinois 587; note 591; tandard 771.

By third ver on in action by ag nt. Leterman 706; Morris 716. In a ction by principal, Barry 796; note 797; Lime 804.

E\ERAL GE .. "T.', rincipal may have, Van Eppes 331.

._I - ' A.Tr E e Ratification; Forgery ; Execution of Authority; Deed; , a l Authority Under.

ILE . • 'E, A. r a tification, see Ratification.

L.1PLE ' .. ' TR .. \ T , see Execution of Authority; Construction of Authority ; Liability of Principal and Agent to Third Persons.

CIETY, . lubs.

note 343;

' I ... \ , see Private Instructions.

R~I •. E, f aw·wy nCJ t '!ranted, see Termination of Authority by Revocation; by Hcuuntia tion.

INDEX


STATE.

Ratification by, note 00.

STATUTE OF FRAUDS, Bee Written Authority.

STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.

When begins to run. Teasley 002: note 004.

In favor of agent. Tharp 576.

SUBAGENT, see Delegation of Authority; Ratification.

SUE, see Actions, Parties to.

Effect of suit to ratify contract, see Ratification.

SUI JURIS, see Principal.

TENDER OF SERVICES, see Compensation.

TERMINATION OF AGENCY,

By accomplishment of purpose, Moore 207.

Bv efflux of time, Marbury 209; note 210.

By revocation by principal, In general, Marbury 20fi; Burke 210: Brook-

shire 212; Gilbert 251; Attrill 632.

Power to revoke in general. Marbury 209; MacGregor 214; Parke

217: Terwilliger 221 ; Glover 230; Stler 234; Blumenthal 240.

"Irrevocable" or "exclusive" agency, MacGregor 213; Black

Btone 215; Montague 219.

Agency partly executed, Terwilliger 221.

Agency at will. Parke 217: shcahan 227; Hoover 228; Btler

234.

Agency for definite term. Clover 230.

Mutuality of undertaking, Glover 230; Btler 235.

Specific enforcement, Mair 238.

injunction against principal, Barlow 271.

Power given tor consideration or as security, Marbury !

Brookshire 212; MacGregor 213; Walsh 216; Parke 211 and

note: Terwilliger 223

Power coupled wit ii an Interest,

What Is Marburj 209; Parke 217: Montague 218; Ter

willlger 222: Taylor 22:.: Bartlej 226; Btler 234;

Gilberl 252; Hunt 275.

Effecl of, Marbury 209; MacGregor 213; Blackstone 215;

Montague 219; Terwilliger 221; Hunt 275.

On revocabllity, Davis 23.

Upon death of principal, Hunt 275.

Insanity of principal, 1 tavis 283.

power vs. right to revoke, Bheahan 227: Glover 230; Blumen

thai 240; note 241.

1 Lbility of principal, Burke 211; Parke 21s; Qlovex

Jacobs 2 h>: Blumenthal 2 12.

Discharge when lustifled, Atkin 237; Jacobs 240.

Manner of revocation, In general, Clark 244; Rrooknhlre 24

Bj appointment of aether agent, Clark 244; B kabira

I 'a \ -ill 2 17. ,

1: disposal of subject matter, Btellj 249; Gilberl 252; Ahern -.1

Notice ol revocation,

Necessitj to relieve principal of liability, Anon 258; LoomU

To whom given, Bun h 255.

. tive when, Kellj 259.

,,1 failure to give, Burt b 255; Kellj

\ to ' I

How given, Burcb

By aband nenl b

Gratultou agent y, El iee 262.

Agencj at will, Becui 1 ota 284; 1

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I •nEX

[The figures re!er to pages]

TATE, Ratification by, note

TATUTE OF FR.: ' , . e Written Authority. T.\.TUTE OF LDIIT. TI L ' .',

When beain to run. T a. l y 60- ; note 6 In favor of agent. Tharp 376.

'BA.GE .... 'T, ee Dele ati n of .\uthority; Ilatifkation.

ompen. a tion.

i7

ury _o ; Burk 210; rook-

EfI

gf\• II, l\ 11r1•)1 :.!.1.1, f•;lll'1'fi\•1• \ hPll, J" •II,\' ~!'i!I,

ti ' l"

_:J ; ~ ti r _,, - .

, f:trhury _ .. l'1trl :!LI ttllll

1onln~11 II11rtl ·~ :!:!Ii;

... -_,.J.

'..... t : ' I l'I"· ."ti •r :.!'.t ;

II' :.t.1 •

:!:10; J. !111111•11-

'..!.1:.!; \ Iii n1 ''i I .

uf llnhlll y, \II II :..!'"::; JUI

El!Pr'I 111 l11iltr<' l11 g\r•, 1:1 11 I :.!l'.'i.1; f "pJI• !!:-''. ,\ , I ri ai.:1•11 I, I " I'll)' :.! i

fl ow gl\·1·11, 1: 111·1•11 :.!.iii,

By nhntHlo111111•11I I>)' 11g1•11I, .rnl11 ltn11 11gP11r•y, 1:1 "'' :.!t::.!.

A, ury ul wlll, .'1•1•11rlt; :.!1'::; 11 " :..c I; ·111111 II ~

v ^" s INDKX

[The figures refer to pagCfi]

TERMINATIONS OF AGBNC3 Continued,

Mutuality of undertaking, Gannon 266.

Of remedy, Harlow 271; note 272.

Specific performance vs. agent, Rogers -*'>7.

Injunction vs. agent, Rogers 268; Harlow 272.

in favor of agent, Harlow 270.

By operation of law, in general, Qllberl 252; Ahern 274; Hunt 275.

Bj death, Davis 23; Hunt 275.

When death is unknown to third party, Davis 27S; Deweese

279; aote 280; Smoul B54.

By Incapacity <>f principal in general, Davis 23.

By Insanity, etc., Davis 282.

Execution void or voidable, Davis 283.

By marriage of principal, a single woman, Davis 23.

By bankruptcy, Davis 23; note 284.

By war. note 284.

Effect of, Gunter 285 and note: Dennian 395.

Upon right of agent to deal with the principal, Dennison 542; note

543; Bartholomew 544 and note.

TESTIMONY,

of agent, see Evidence.

THIRD PERSON, see Liability of.

Deals with agent at peril, note 288; Cummins 291; note 292; Mussey

295; Moores 298; Gates 313; Bank 436; Schmidt 822.

When authority written. Cummins 291; Claflin 338; note 339; see

also Estoppel; Innocent Party: Secret Instructions.

When agent has apparent authority, Griggs 300; Gillman 320; Pick-

ering 319.

Agent not acting for benefit of principal, Dowden 730.

TORT, see Liability of Principal; Liability of Agent.

Ratification of. Lewis 116.

Liability of principal for frauds of agent, Moores 299.

For torts in general. Simpson 407.

Of agent In trover, Salem 578; Cochran 672; see Actions.

For misfeasance, frauds, etc., Cochran 672.

TRESPASS, See Actions, Form of.

TRIAL.

Province of court and jury, note 288; South 850; note 857.

In determining ratification, Kelley 112; note 853.

Written authority for court. Claflin 338; Anderson 650; note 851; Wil-

cox 853.

Usually mixed law and fact, Dunwoody 341; Wilcox S52.

If any evidence, then for jury, Peerless 362; Dickinson 827; Still 846;

Tebbetts B47.

If none, then for court, Gates 316.

If reasonable minds could differ, Booth 848.

If only one conclusion, note 851.

Extent of authority for jury, Grand Rapids 296.

TROVER, see Actions. Form of.

TRUSTEE,

Distinguished fr.nn agent, Taylor 10 and note.

Dealing with trust property, Kverhart 516; Rich 527.

TRUST FUND,

Right to follow, see Liability of Agent for Accounting; Liability of

Third Person to Principal.

UNAUTHORIZED ACTS OB CONTRACTS, see Liability of Principal to

Third Person; of Agent to Third Person; Scope of Authority.

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L EX r fer to p:igcs]

'l'Ll :\11

2G7. 272.

11 rn ..... 74; Hunt 271'::.

party, ayi ~7 ; D w e c

avi

_, 3. w man, Davi 23.

principal, Dennison 542; note

TE

ummins 201; note 292; Mu. ey 2 ......

39; see

Pick-

ipal, D wd n 730.

T RT. . Liability of Prin ipal; Liability of Agent. n ti fka tion of. L wi. 116.

Liability of prin ·ipal for fraud. of agent, Moor 299. For t rt. in g neral. . imp~on 497.

f ag nt in trov r, ,'al m 57 '; Cochran 672; see Actions. F r mi fea anc , fraud , etc., ocbran 672.

ee A 'tion , Form of.

THL\.L, PruYinc of c urt and jury, note 2 , ;

In d t rmining ratification, Kel l y Y\'ritt n authority for ·ourt, 'latlin 33

('0 \'.: :J~l.

.'outh 50; note 857. 112; note 53. . ; Ander on 650; note 851; Wil-

~.-ually mix d law and bet. unwo dy !Hl; If any \'idPnC' , then for jury, Pe rle

T •biJett · • -1:7. If uon . th n for (•ourt, Gut 316.

If r a.·onalJl mind.:; ·ould ditI r, Booth 48. If only on c·o1l<'ln ·ion, not :-i.

Wilcox 52. Di kin on 827; Still 846;

c.·t ·n of authority for jury, rand Ra11ids 296.

Tn YEH, .- Action:, Form f.

THr.·TEE, I i. tinin1i. hf'd from agent, Taylor 10 and note. JJ •alin ' with tru:t prov •rty, E\· rhart 51G; Ri h 527.

1 nr:T F ·. ·n. I i~h to follow, see Ll:l hility of A"' nt for Accounting; Liabillty of

'l hi rd •r. <m to PrirH'i!JU I.

L ·. ""TWJIUZEI .\C'T.' OH. ('(). "TRAC'T,, . e Liability f Principal to 'Ihlr<.l l' ·r on; of .\." nt to Third l'erson; ··ope of .Authority.

INDEX 879


UNDISCLOSED PRINCIPAL, see Liability of Principal; of Agent; Ratifi-

cation.

UNINCORPORATED SOCIETIES, see clubs.

USAGE AND CUSTOM, see Authority; written Authority; Delegation of

Authority; Ratification.

To compensate the agent, note 606; note 609.

Extent of effect on agent's authority. Gates .".15.

As affecting written authority, Cawthorn oil.

Proof must be clear, McCullough 397.

Knowledge of principal, Burchard 287.

Incidents of legality, Famsworth 317; Gates 315; note 318; Leach 388.

Usage contrary to instructions, Barksdale 318; Leach 388; Ball

To good morals. Turnbuil 521; note 523; Ball 549.

To reason, Bank 501.

To give warranty, see Authority to SelL

As to mode of remittance of funds, Cartwell 593; AVarwlcke oii.

WAGES, *eo Compensation of Agent; Termination of Authority.

WAR.

Terminates agency, see Termination by Operation oi Law.

WARRANTIES, see Authority to Sell.

WARRANTY OF AUTHORITY, Ball 656 and cases following; note 664;

see also Liability of Agent to Third Person.

WIFE, see Married Woman.

Of principal, see Creation of Agency; Authority of Agent; Evidence.

Agency at ; see Termination of Agency.

WITNESS,

Agent as, see Evidence.

WRITING,

Contracts In, see Ratification; Execution.

When required by statute of frauds, see Written Authority.

written' AUTHORITY, Bee Power of Attorney, Authority; Construction

Authority; Trial.

When required by statute of frauds, Worrall 68; Ehnnantraut, L14; Judd

132, Maclean 174; Carstens WO.

Affected by usage and custom, Cawthorn 811.

Parol evidence as to, see Evidence.

Expanded by Implied, Olaflin B88; Dunwoodj 889; n 840; Mt Moi

ri< 832.

WRONGFUL DISCHARGE,

of agent, see Termination of Agency.

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L'DEX


O~DI CLOSED PRLT IPAL, ee Liability o:C Principal; of g nt; Ratltlation.

ee 'lub .

uthority; D 1 ation or

a r\Ti ke 54:-1.

W GES, ee omp n. ation of .Ag nt; T rmination of .\uthority.

\\.\ . Terminat<'.- a gene~. " T<'rmination h~· OJ 'l'1\ti1111 of Lnw.

\Y.\Hn.L;•_rn .. : .. ·ee "\ulhority to . Pll.

" '.\RR.\. ~TY OF .\TTIHlRITY. Hall Ci:i!i and a: i.· follnwi11!!; 111! 1·1: al·o Liilhi1ity of .\.g nt to Third P r. n.

\\' IFB, ... larri d \\' man. WI

YEARLY TTJ I • ,,

Crc>atinn f .Agttn y; Authority of .\~ 'lll; E\·id •11 l.

rmiuu tion of g ncy.

n \ulhority.

p w r r Atl ru y; \uthnrll~: 1111. lrtH'tl II\

Ehr11111111r:i111, 111: .Judd

:lll.

• ~l:l. : not • :: I l; ~It. ~tor

or ;\~111<'_\'.

EO: ct o , lloov r ~2 ; "'111lnr

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Cases on principal and agent : selected from decisions of ...

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