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Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made...

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Cell Structure & Function
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Page 1: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Cell Structure & Function

Page 2: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Cell Theory• There are three main

elements

• 1. All living things are made up of cells.

• 2. Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.

• 3. All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

Page 3: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Definition of Cell

A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

Page 4: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Examples of Cells

Amoeba

Plant Stem

Red Blood Cell

Nerve Cell

Bacteria

Page 5: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Label your diagram first & then colour it in.

Page 6: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Two Types of Cells

•Prokaryotic

•Eukaryotic

Page 7: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Prokaryotic

• Do not have structures surrounded by membranes.

• Few internal structures.

• One-celled organisms e.g. Bacteria.

Page 8: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

More prokaryotic cells

Page 9: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Eukaryotic• Contain organelles surrounded by membranes.• Most living organisms.

Plant Animal

Page 10: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

10

“Typical” Animal Cells

Page 11: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

11

“Typical” Plant Cell

Page 12: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Common features of all cells

(organelles)

Cell Parts

Page 13: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Cell Membrane

• Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell.

• It is like a big plastic bag with lots of tiny holes.

Page 14: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 15: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 16: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Nucleus • Acts like the ‘brain’ of the cell.

• Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane.

• Contains genetic material - DNA.

Page 17: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 18: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 19: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Cytoplasm

• Gel-like mixture.• Surrounded by cell membrane.• Contains hereditary material.

Page 20: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 21: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 22: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Acts as the ‘packaging system’ of the cell.

• Smooth type: lacks ribosomes.

• Rough type: ribosomes embedded in surface.

Page 23: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 24: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 25: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Ribosomes

• Each cell contains thousands.• Protein builders of the cell.• Can be found floating throughout the cell or

attached to the E.R.

Page 26: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 27: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 28: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Mitochondria• Known as the ‘powerhouse’

of the cell.• Acts like the digestive

system in that they take in nutrients, break them down and create energy for the cell.

• Most of the chemical reactions involved in cellular respiration happen here.

Page 29: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 30: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 31: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Golgi Apparatus

• A series of membranes shaped like pancakes.

• Protein 'packaging plant'.

Page 32: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 33: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 34: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Lysosome• Digestive 'factory' for proteins, fats and

carbohydrates.• The hold enzymes created by the cell.• Cell breaks down

if lysosome explodes.

Page 35: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 36: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

Vacuoles

• Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal.

• Plants also use it to store water.

• In plant cells, they are much larger.

Page 37: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.
Page 38: Cell Structure & Function. Cell Theory There are three main elements 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest working units.

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