Cell StructuresCell Structures

ReviewReview

Cell Wall / Cell MembraneCell Wall / Cell Membrane

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

Cell Membrane

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

Surrounds all cellsSurrounds all cells Allows nutrients in and waste outAllows nutrients in and waste out Contains pores to allow the materials to Contains pores to allow the materials to

pass in/out = semipermeablepass in/out = semipermeable Double-layeredDouble-layered

CytoplasmCytoplasm

CytoplasmCytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

CytoplasmCytoplasm

Clear (colorless)Clear (colorless) Gel likeGel like Continually in motionContinually in motion Mostly made of waterMostly made of water

NucleusNucleus

NucleusNucleus

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Nuclear membrane

NucleusNucleus

Largest and most visible organelleLargest and most visible organelle Covered by a membrane (Covered by a membrane (nuclear nuclear

membranemembrane) to separate it from the rest of ) to separate it from the rest of the cellthe cell

Control center of a cellControl center of a cell

ChromosomesChromosomes

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Chromosomes

Nuclear membrane

ChromosomesChromosomes

Contains Contains chromosomeschromosomes – threadlike structures – threadlike structures made of DNAmade of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acidDeoxyribonucleic acid

GenesGenes – section of chromosome which gives – section of chromosome which gives you your traitsyou your traits

Two chromosomes with the Two chromosomes with the same traitsame trait – – homologous pairhomologous pair One chromosome came from mom/one from dadOne chromosome came from mom/one from dad

GenesGenes

Section of a chromosome Section of a chromosome That determines your traitsThat determines your traits

Gene

ChromosomesChromosomes

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Chromosomes

Homologous pair

MitochondriaMitochondria

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Chromosomes

Homologous pair

Mitochondria

MitochondriaMitochondria

Hot dog-shaped organelle Hot dog-shaped organelle Food changes into energy (ATP)Food changes into energy (ATP) Surrounded by two membranesSurrounded by two membranes Works only with oxygen present (comes Works only with oxygen present (comes

from breathing)from breathing)

Diagram of an Animal Diagram of an Animal CellCell

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Nuclear membrane

Homologous pair

Chromosome

Mitochondria Lysosome

Golgi Body

Ribosomes

ChloroplastsChloroplasts

Cell WallCell Wall

Cell Membrane

Cell Wall

Cell WallCell Wall

Located outside the cell membraneLocated outside the cell membrane Found in plantsFound in plants Gives strength (rigid) so plant stands upGives strength (rigid) so plant stands up Made of fibers of celluloseMade of fibers of cellulose Also contains pores to allow materials to Also contains pores to allow materials to

pass in/outpass in/out

Chloroplasts VideoChloroplasts Video

ChloroplastsChloroplasts

Cell Membrane

Cell Wall

Chloroplasts

ChloroplastsChloroplasts

Converts energy from the sunConverts energy from the sun Contains Contains chlorophyll chlorophyll – a – a greengreen

chemical used to trap sunlight chemical used to trap sunlight Makes sugar by a process called Makes sugar by a process called

photosynthesisphotosynthesis

Diagram of a Plant CellDiagram of a Plant Cell

Nucleus

Nuclear membrane

Chromosome

Homologous pair

Mitochondria

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Cell Wall

Chloroplasts