CELLULAR RESPIRATION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• WHAT IS ENERGY??
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• WHAT IS ENERGY?– ENERGY IS THE ABILITY TO DO WORK
• WHAT IS WORK?– WORK IS ANYTHING THAT USES ENERGY
• UUUMMM….ANYONE NOTICE A PROBLEM WITH THAT CIRCULAR LOGIC
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• WORK IS MAKING SOMETHING HAPPEN THAT WOULDN’T HAPPEN NATURALLY…ENERGY GIVES YOU THE ABILITY TO DO THIS
• WHAT ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF THINGS WE MUST “MAKE HAPPEN” TO SURVIVE??
• THE LIFE PROCESSES!!!– H.N.T.R.S.G.E.R.M.R
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• WHERE DOES THE ENERGY TO DO THIS WORK COME FROM???
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• THIS BEGS THE QUESTION…HOW DOES EATING FOOD EQUAL HAVING ENERGY TO DO CELLULAR WORK?
• THE ANSWER:
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION• IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND CELLULAR
RESPIRATION, WE MUST FIRST UNDERSTAND ATP
• ATP IS THE “FUEL OF THE CELL”• JUST LIKE OIL MUST BE CONVERTED TO
GAS, SUGAR MUST BE CONVERTED TO ATP
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• WHAT IS ATP?– ADENOSINE TRI-PHOSPHATE– HIGH ENERGY COMPOUND– DOES ITS SHAPE LOOK FAMILIAR?
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• THE GOAL OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS TO USE THE ENERGY IN FOOD TO CONVERT ADP INTO ATP…
• IN EFFECT, “STORING” OR “CONVERTING” THE ENERGY FROM THE FOOD INTO ATP
• THIS MAKES THE ENERGY IN FOOD, USABLE BY THE CELL
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• THERE ARE TWO MAJOR TYPES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• AEROBIC VS ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION• THE FIRST PARTS OF AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION ARE
IDENTICAL• GLYCOLYSIS
– “GLYCO” + “LYSIS”– THE BREAKDOWN OF GLUCOSE– GLUCOSE PYRUVIC ACID
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• WHAT HAPPENS AFTER GLYCOLYSIS DEPENDS ON THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN– NO OXYGEN = ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION– OXYGEN = AEROBIC RESPIRATION
• ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION NEXT STEP IS CALLEDFERMENTATION!!
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• FERMENTATION– ANAEROBIC PROCESS– TWO VERSIONS
LACTIC ACID VS.ALCOHOLIC
– ALCOHOLIC IS WHATKEEPS THE BEERCOMPANIES IN BUSINESS!!
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• DO HUMANS PERFORM ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION?– HOW DO YOU KNOW?
• IF NOT ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION, THEN WHAT?– LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION– HOW DO YOU KNOW??
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• AEROBIC RESPIRATION– REQUIRES
OXYGEN– OCCURS IN
THE MITOCHONDRIA!!!
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• TWO MAJOR STEPS OF AEROBIC RESPIRATION– KREBS CYCLE
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• TWO MAJOR STEPS OF AEROBIC RESPIRATION– ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• KEY TERMS OF ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN– CRISTAE– CHEMIOSMOSIS– PROTON GRADIENT– ATP SYNTHASE
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• OVERALL EQUATION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• OVERALL REACTION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• IF CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS ALWAYS TAKING PLACE, WHY DO HUMANS GET TIRED WHEN EXERCISING??
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• WHY DO WE ONLY LOOK AT SUGAR IN THIS EQUATION?
CELLULAR RESPIRATION• WHY IS IT NECESSARY
TO CONVERT GLUCOSE INTO ATP?
• CELLULAR RESPIRATION DOES THIS CONVERSION…BUT WHERE DOES THE GLUCOSE COME FROM TO BEGIN WITH?
• THAT’S UP NEXT!!!