Cellular Respiration .

Cellular Respiration

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bh__g-ZZ6WA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bh__g-ZZ6WA

Group Questions

1)Predict why it is so hard to stay awake in crowded closed areas like in the video.

• Do not use words like boring, or topic issues as reasons.

2)Explain what causes this level of exhaustion without exercise.

Group Questions

1) Predict what the church can do to stop this from happening.

HINT

Glycolysis, Fermentation and the Krebs

Cycle


Cellular Respiration• Process that releases energy by breaking

down food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

Cellular Respiration• Process that releases energy by breaking down

food molecules in the presence of oxygen.• 6 O2 + C6H12O6+Energy 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy

Oxygen + Glucose+ Energy Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy


Food provides living things with chemical energy they need to grow and reproduce.





•1 gram of glucose sugar (C6H12O6)

releases 3811 calories.



•1 gram of sugar glucose (C6H12O6)


•calories (lowercase c) – amount of

energy needed to raise the temperature

of 1 Gram of water 1 Celsius degree.



•1 gram of sugar glucose (C6H12O6)


•calories – amount of energy needed

to raise the temperature of 1

Gram of water 1 Celsius degree.

•Calorie (capital C)- found on nutritional labels is 1 kilocalorie or 1000 calories of energy.

Food is Energy

Glycolysis

1st STEP…GLYCOLYSIS

Glyco


Glyco Glucose


Glyco Glucose

Lysis


Glyco Glucose

Lysis Splitting

Glycolysis in #s

• 1st set of reactions • Does not require oxygen –

anaerobic.• Takes place in the

cytoplasm.• 2 ATP molecules are used

and 4 ATP molecules are produced.

• Net result in 2 ATP molecules.

Part 2: The Krebs Cycle

My Name Is What, My Name Is…

• The Krebs CycleAKA…..

• The TCA Cycle (tricarboxilic acid)

AKA…..• The Citric Acid Cycle

The Krebs Cycle• When Oxygen is present the Krebs

cycle follows GLYCOLYSIS.

Hans Krebs



• Pyruvic acid from glycolysis moves

into the mitochondria and is broken

down, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) and NADH, to form Acetyl –CoA.

Hans Krebs






• Krebs Cycle & Electron transport chain

Hans Krebs







• Remember this is the more efficient path, has to have oxygen (aerobic), with a NET result of 36 ATP molecules produced.

Hans Krebs

The Krebs Cycle

Pyruvate

CO2

NADH

Krebs Cycle• Next process in cellular

respiration that require O2 (aerobic).

• Pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide (CO2). This is a waste product as well as water while ATP is being generated.


• Net result in 36 ATP

molecules are produced.

Fermentation• Releases energy from food molecules

without oxygen.

• Two main types:– Alcohol Fermentation (anerobic) – yeasts

produce CO2 and alcohol. Produces bread to rise.

– Lactic Acid Fermentation – pyruvic acid converted to lactic acid. Produced in your muscles during rapid exercise after the O2 runs out. Build-up causes a “burning” sensation.

Then What happens??

• Fermentation

(Anaerobic)

• Respiration (Aerobic)

Alcohol – yeasts make CO2 and Alcohol

Lactic Acid – produced in muscles when no O2

Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport

Then What happens??

• Fermentation

(Anaerobic)

- Less Energy

2 ATP

• Respiration (Aerobic)

- MOST Energy

36 ATP

Alcohol – yeasts make CO2 and Alcohol

Lactic Acid – produced in muscles when no O2

Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport

Aerobic vs Anerobic Respiration

• Aerobic respiration produces 36 ATP molecules of energy

• Anerobic respiration produces 2 ATP molecules of energy.

Energy and Exercise• Quick Energy-

– Enough ATP in cells normally for about a 5 second sprint.

– Lactic acid production of ATP in muscles will last about another 90 seconds. To remove extra ATP with oxygen, at the end of a race a runner must breathe heavily.

• Long-Term Energy– Cellular respiration that uses up glycogen after

15 to 20 minutes.– Long term energy will then come from stored

molecules including fats.

Photosynthesis vs Cellular Respiration

• Almost opposite processes

• Photosynthesis deposits energy

• Cell Resp. withdraws energy.

• The chemical equations are reversed.

ExperimentElodea & Snails

Experimental Design•Setup 5 Tubes in a closed system

•2 control, 3 experimental•Indicator Solution

•Bromothymol Blue (BTB) – is an acid – base indicator. It measures the concentration of dissolved CO2. Lots of

CO2

Lots of O2

Experimental Design•Tube 1 – Water & BTB

•Tube 2 – Water, BTB, & CO2

•Tube 3 – Water, BTB, & Elodea (Plant)

•Tube 4 – Water, BTB, CO2, Elodea, & snails

•Tube 5 – Water, BTB, & snails

•Hypothesize what would happen in each of the 5 tubes

•Explain your hypothesis.

Experiment 24 hr. Time Lapse

http://www.scienceman.com/science10/pgs/techid_u3_10.html

http://www.scienceman.com/science10/pgs/techid_u3_10.html

Experimental DATAOxygen (mg/L)

Time (s) Tube 1 Tube 2 Tube 3 Tube 4 Tube 5

0 4.4 0.0 4.4 4.4 4.4

(1hr) 3600 4.4 0.0 4.8 4.3 4.3

(3hrs) 10800 4.4 0.0 6.0 4.4 4.0

(9hrs) 32400 4.4 0.0 6.8 4.2 3.8

(15hrs) 54000 4.4 0.0 7.4 4.5 3.6

(24hrs) 86400 4.4 0.0 8.0 4.4 3.0

Using your laptops:1)Put all the data into a table2)Make graphs for tubes 3,4, and 53)Answer expanding question:

Why would experiments and information about respiration in closed systems be important to N.A.S.A.

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Cellular Respiration .

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