CGs to EPDsCGs to EPDs

2006 BIF Symposium2006 BIF SymposiumSponsored by Ultrasound Guidelines Sponsored by Ultrasound Guidelines

CouncilCouncilDr. Lisa A. Kriese-AndersonDr. Lisa A. Kriese-Anderson

Auburn UniversityAuburn University

Would you purchase a Would you purchase a bull ….bull ….

Would you purchase a Would you purchase a bull ….bull ….

This top young son of Superbull had a weaning weight of 636 lbs

Would you purchase a Would you purchase a bull ….bull ….

This top young son of Superbull had a weaning weight of 636 lbs

An exceptional p

rospect

with a sc

rotal

circumference of 3

5 cm

So, why would you So, why would you consider….consider….

So, why would you So, why would you consider…consider…

So, why would you So, why would you consider…consider…

Ultrasound BasicsUltrasound Basics

Individual ultrasound measurements Individual ultrasound measurements (adjusted) are as useful as individual (adjusted) are as useful as individual weights and measuresweights and measures Really only mean something within the group Really only mean something within the group

they came fromthey came from Ratios are betterRatios are better EPDs for ultrasound or carcass are best for EPDs for ultrasound or carcass are best for

selection decisionsselection decisions

Ultrasound Genetics RefresherUltrasound Genetics Refresher

Ultrasound measurements should be Ultrasound measurements should be taken the same time as yearling weightstaken the same time as yearling weights Generally 320/330 to 410/430 days of ageGenerally 320/330 to 410/430 days of age

BIF says 335 to 395 daysBIF says 335 to 395 days Entire contemporary group should be Entire contemporary group should be

measured by a certified ultrasound technicianmeasured by a certified ultrasound technician Genetically, ultrasound measurements for Genetically, ultrasound measurements for

carcass traits are highly correlated to actual carcass traits are highly correlated to actual carcass traitscarcass traits But they are not the same traitsBut they are not the same traits

Ultrasound Genetics RefresherUltrasound Genetics Refresher

Genetic Correlation Estimates Among Yearling Genetic Correlation Estimates Among Yearling Ultrasound and Carcass TraitsUltrasound and Carcass Traits

UBF and BFUBF and BF 0.75 to 0.800.75 to 0.80

UREA and REAUREA and REA 0.70 to 0.750.70 to 0.75

IMF and MarblingIMF and Marbling 0.60 to 0.680.60 to 0.68

Ultrasound Genetics RefresherUltrasound Genetics RefresherGenetic Correlation Estimates Among Yearling Genetic Correlation Estimates Among Yearling

Ultrasound and Carcass TraitsUltrasound and Carcass Traits

UBF and BFUBF and BF 0.75 to 0.800.75 to 0.80

UREA and REAUREA and REA 0.70 to 0.750.70 to 0.75

IMF and MarblingIMF and Marbling 0.60 to 0.680.60 to 0.68

Reminder – if you do not report any carcass data, individual animal accuracy can only be a high as the genetic correlation

Genetic EvaluationGenetic EvaluationBegins withBegins withP = G + EP = G + E

In Genetic In Genetic EvaluationEvaluation

E ≈ Contemporary E ≈ Contemporary GroupGroup

Contemporary GroupContemporary Group A contemporary group is a group of A contemporary group is a group of

animals with the same:animals with the same: HerdHerd SexSex Birth SeasonBirth Season Weigh dateWeigh date ManagementManagement

The largest contemporary group is at The largest contemporary group is at birth. All subsequent traits are birth. All subsequent traits are subsets of the birth contemporary subsets of the birth contemporary group.group.

In Simplest Terms:In Simplest Terms:

BV = hBV = h22 x SD x SD

SD = Selection DifferentialSD = Selection DifferentialSD = (individual – avg of SD = (individual – avg of

group)group)

Example DataExample DataNoNo SirSir

eeDaDamm

CGCG WWWW PWPW REREAA

BFBF IMIMFF

60060011

11 100100 11 781781 486486 11.11.55

0.30.300

4.24.255

60060022

11 101101 11 626626 522522 11.11.55

0.20.211

4.24.211

60060033

22 102102 11 845845 357357 11.11.33

0.20.288

4.34.355

60060044

22 103103 11 713713 482482 11.11.22

0.10.188

2.82.899

60060055

22 104104 22 663663 397397 10.10.11

0.10.177

4.54.599

60060066

33 105105 22 720720 532532 10.10.66

0.40.444

5.25.200

60060077

33 106106 33 720720 539539 12.12.55

0.10.199

3.83.822

60060088

44 107107 22 841841 562562 15.15.11

0.30.322

3.93.900

60060099

44 108108 33 865865 510510 11.11.99

0.30.311

4.44.444

Data AnalysisData Analysis

Multiple-trait animal modelMultiple-trait animal model WW, PWG, UREA, UBF, %IMF in WW, PWG, UREA, UBF, %IMF in

analysisanalysis Examine Sire Rankings for above Examine Sire Rankings for above

traitstraits

Sire EPD Rankings Sire EPD Rankings TraitTrait

WWWW MilkMilk PWGPWG UREAUREA UBFUBF IMFIMF

44 44 44 44 22 11

22 22 11 11 11 33

11 11 33 33 44 22

33 33 22 22 33 44

Example Data – Just 1 CGExample Data – Just 1 CGNoNo SirSir

eeDaDamm

CGCG WWWW PWPW REREAA

BFBF IMIMFF

60060011

11 100100 11 781781 486486 11.11.55

0.30.300

4.24.255

60060022

11 101101 11 626626 522522 11.11.55

0.20.211

4.24.211

60060033

22 102102 11 845845 357357 11.11.33

0.20.288

4.34.355

60060044

22 103103 11 713713 482482 11.11.22

0.10.188

2.82.899

60060055

22 104104 11 663663 397397 10.10.11

0.10.177

4.54.599

60060066

33 105105 11 720720 532532 10.10.66

0.40.444

5.25.200

60060077

33 106106 11 720720 539539 12.12.55

0.10.199

3.83.822

60060088

44 107107 11 841841 562562 15.15.11

0.30.322

3.93.900

60060099

44 108108 11 865865 510510 11.11.99

0.30.311

4.44.444

With Wrong CG With Wrong CG DefinitionsDefinitions

Do not have correct comparisons in dataDo not have correct comparisons in data Sires are compared in “head to head” Sires are compared in “head to head”

competition that were notcompetition that were not Basics of EPD analysis is to find the group Basics of EPD analysis is to find the group

average and subtract the individual measurement average and subtract the individual measurement from itfrom it

Group mean is wrong!Group mean is wrong!

Comparing Sire Ranks – Comparing Sire Ranks – Wrong CGWrong CG

TraitTrait

WWWW MilkMilk PWGPWG UREAUREA UBFUBF IMFIMF

44 44 44 44 22 1/31/3

2/12/1 22 1/31/3 1/21/2 11 3/13/1

1/31/3 1/31/3 3/13/1 3/13/1 4/34/3 2/42/4

3/23/2 3/13/1 22 2/32/3 3/43/4 4/24/2

Not Reporting All DataNot Reporting All DataNoNo SirSir

eeDaDamm

CGCG WWWW PWPW REREAA

BFBF IMIMFF

60060011

11 100100 11 781781 486486 11.11.55

0.30.300

4.24.255

60060022

11 101101 11 00 00 00 00 00

60060033

22 102102 11 845845 357357 11.11.33

0.20.288

4.34.355

60060044

22 103103 11 713713 482482 11.11.22

0.10.188

2.82.899

60060055

22 104104 22 663663 397397 10.10.11

0.10.177

4.54.599

60060066

33 105105 22 720720 532532 10.10.66

0.40.444

5.25.200

60060077

33 106106 33 720720 539539 12.12.55

0.10.199

3.83.822

60060088

44 107107 22 841841 562562 15.15.11

0.30.322

3.93.900

60060099

44 108108 33 865865 510510 11.11.99

0.30.311

4.44.444

By Not Reporting All By Not Reporting All DataData

If not sending in “bottom-If not sending in “bottom-performing” cattle, penalize the restperforming” cattle, penalize the rest Group means are incorrect once againGroup means are incorrect once again Competition is not reported accuratelyCompetition is not reported accurately

By Not Reporting All By Not Reporting All DataData

TraitTrait Mean – All Mean – All datadata

Mean-Select Mean-Select DataData

WWWW 753 ± 85 lbs753 ± 85 lbs 769 ± 75 lbs769 ± 75 lbs

PWGPWG 487 ± 68 lbs487 ± 68 lbs 483 ± 72 lbs483 ± 72 lbs

UREAUREA 11.7 ± 1.4 sq 11.7 ± 1.4 sq inin

11.8 ± 1.5 sq 11.8 ± 1.5 sq inin

UBFUBF 0.27 ± .09 in0.27 ± .09 in 0.27 ± .09 in0.27 ± .09 in

IMFIMF 4.2 ± .63%4.2 ± .63% 4.2 ± .67%4.2 ± .67%

Sire EPD Ranks – Sire EPD Ranks – Incomplete DataIncomplete Data

TraitTrait

WWWW MilkMilk PWGPWG UREAUREA UBFUBF IMFIMF

44 44 44 44 22 1/31/3

2/12/1 2/12/1 11 11 11 3/13/1

1/31/3 1/21/2 33 33 44 22

3/23/2 33 22 22 33 44

Not Reporting All DataNot Reporting All DataNoNo SirSir

eeDaDamm

CGCG WWWW PWPW REREAA

BFBF IMIMFF

60060011

11 100100 11 781781 486486 11.11.55

0.30.300

4.24.255

60060022

11 101101 11 00 00 00 00 00

60060033

22 102102 11 845845 357357 11.11.33

0.20.288

4.34.355

60060044

22 103103 11 713713 482482 11.11.22

0.10.188

2.82.899

60060055

22 104104 22 663663 00 00 00 00

60060066

33 105105 22 720720 532532 10.10.66

0.40.444

5.25.200

60060077

33 106106 33 720720 539539 12.12.55

0.10.199

3.83.822

60060088

44 107107 22 841841 562562 15.15.11

0.30.322

3.93.900

60060099

44 108108 33 865865 510510 11.11.99

0.30.311

4.44.444

Sire EPD Ranks – Sire EPD Ranks – Incomplete DataIncomplete Data

TraitTrait

WWWW MilkMilk PWGPWG UREAUREA UBFUBF IMFIMF

44 44 44 44 22 1/31/3

2/12/1 2/12/1 11 11 1/31/3 3/13/1

1/21/2 1/21/2 33 3/23/2 44 22

33 33 22 2/32/3 3/13/1 44

Final CommentsFinal Comments

Actual ultrasound data needs to be treated Actual ultrasound data needs to be treated the same as actual data from any other the same as actual data from any other traittrait Must be in a comparison mode (Ratio/EPD)Must be in a comparison mode (Ratio/EPD)

For use within a contemporary groupFor use within a contemporary group May be helpful to divide data into thirdsMay be helpful to divide data into thirds Always remember there can be measurement Always remember there can be measurement

error. Don’t believe in absoluteserror. Don’t believe in absolutes

Field CertificationField Certification

TraitTrait SEPSEP SERSER BiasBias CorrCorr

Rump/Back FatRump/Back Fat ≤≤0.10.1 ≤≤0.10.1 ≤≤0.10.1 ≥≥0.850.85

Ribeye AreaRibeye Area ≤≤1.21.2 ≤≤1.21.2 ≤≤1.21.2 ≥≥0.800.80

Percent IMFPercent IMF ≤≤1.21.2 ≤≤1.21.2 ≤≤0.70.7 ≥≥0.700.70

Final CommentsFinal Comments

Proper reporting of contemporary groups is Proper reporting of contemporary groups is essentialessential P = G + E is the basis for all genetic evaluationP = G + E is the basis for all genetic evaluation

Don’t selectively report dataDon’t selectively report data Only penalizing the top animalsOnly penalizing the top animals Only hurting yourselfOnly hurting yourself

Don’t let a trait you may not be able to visualize Don’t let a trait you may not be able to visualize well keep you from doing the right thingwell keep you from doing the right thing

Additional ItemsAdditional Items

If a breed publishes both ultrasound and carcass If a breed publishes both ultrasound and carcass EPD values, want ultrasound and carcass EPDs to EPD values, want ultrasound and carcass EPDs to be similarbe similar::

TraitTrait UltrasouUltrasoundnd

CarcassCarcass

REAREA 0.330.33 -0.04-0.04

IMFIMF 0.460.46 0.100.10

Bull 110Bull 110

TraitTrait UltrasouUltrasoundnd

CarcassCarcass

REAREA 0.260.26 0.360.36

IMFIMF 0.270.27 0.270.27

Bull 16Bull 16

Additional ItemsAdditional Items

If breed published just carcass and you If breed published just carcass and you collect/report no carcass info, accuracy will only be collect/report no carcass info, accuracy will only be as high as genetic correlationas high as genetic correlation

Don’t single trait select!Don’t single trait select!