Ch. 2 & Ch. 6Ch. 2 & Ch. 6

Quiz1. What did the original

Spanish missions look like?2. What were early pilgrim

homes like?3. What does the term new

urbanism mean?4. What is Feng Shui? What

cultures use it?5. When were the first

government housing requirements started? Why?

6. What are row houses?7. What were 3 changes in

housing that took place between the 1700s and 1800s?

8. By 1929 how much of the U.S population lived in cities?

9. What is a census? When was the first one?

10. What are tract houses?

Turn to page 71 and look at the ‘To Turn to page 71 and look at the ‘To Review’ questions.Review’ questions.

Traditional houses reflect the Traditional houses reflect the experiences and traditions of past erasexperiences and traditions of past eras

There are two categories of traditional There are two categories of traditional style design.style design. FolkFolk- a style originating from the common - a style originating from the common

experiences of a group of peopleexperiences of a group of people ClassicClassic- a style that represents the - a style that represents the

authentic repetition of architecture with authentic repetition of architecture with enduring excellenceenduring excellence

The styles of traditional folk houses vary from The styles of traditional folk houses vary from region to region.region to region. Homes in the Midwest had to be suitable for winter Homes in the Midwest had to be suitable for winter

and summer extremes.and summer extremes. Housing was also influenced by the ethnic Housing was also influenced by the ethnic

experiences and lifestyle of the people living experiences and lifestyle of the people living there.there.

Natural resources available also shape the Natural resources available also shape the structures that were built.structures that were built.

This style include Native American, Spanish, This style include Native American, Spanish, Scandinavian, German, Early English, Dutch, and Scandinavian, German, Early English, Dutch, and French style homesFrench style homes

This style housing This style housing greatly influenced greatly influenced today’s housing!today’s housing!

Early settlers copied Early settlers copied Navajo mud and log Navajo mud and log hogans and Seminole hogans and Seminole wood frame structures.wood frame structures.

The Pueblos lived in The Pueblos lived in apartment type apartment type housing.housing.

Many homes in the Many homes in the Southwest have similar Southwest have similar structures to those of structures to those of the Pueblo people.the Pueblo people.

The Spanish influence The Spanish influence in the U.S. stemmed in the U.S. stemmed from Spanish control from Spanish control of Texas and Florida.of Texas and Florida.

Spanish style of Spanish style of housing developed in housing developed in warm weather warm weather climatesclimates

Early Spanish style Early Spanish style was 1 story structures was 1 story structures with flat or low-pitch with flat or low-pitch tile roof.tile roof.

Homes were made of Homes were made of adobe or stone and adobe or stone and covered in stucco.covered in stucco. StuccoStucco- a type of plaster - a type of plaster

applied to exterior wallsapplied to exterior walls Spanish style homes are Spanish style homes are

usually asymmetrical.usually asymmetrical. AsymmetricalAsymmetrical- one side of - one side of

the center point is not the the center point is not the same as the othersame as the other

Features usually include Features usually include courtyards, enclosed courtyards, enclosed patios, wrought iron patios, wrought iron exterior décor, and exterior décor, and arched windows and arched windows and doors.doors.

Immigrants from Sweden, Immigrants from Sweden, Finland, Norway and Finland, Norway and Denmark are Denmark are ScandinavianScandinavian

They brought log cabinsThey brought log cabins Log cabinsLog cabins- one room - one room

home made from bulky home made from bulky unshaped lumberunshaped lumber

Typical log cabins have: Typical log cabins have: Unfinished log exterior Unfinished log exterior

wallswalls One story and rectangularOne story and rectangular Few windows Few windows Gable roofsGable roofs- come to a - come to a

high point at the center and high point at the center and slope on both sidesslope on both sides

GermanGerman

Most German settlers Most German settlers arrived in the U.S. in the arrived in the U.S. in the late seventeenth centurylate seventeenth century

They lived in They lived in PennsylvaniaPennsylvania

Homes were built out of Homes were built out of wood and Flagstonewood and Flagstone

Some had small ledges Some had small ledges between the first and between the first and second floor called second floor called pent pent roofsroofs..

English settlers started building in the English settlers started building in the early 1600searly 1600s

Several housing styles started from the Several housing styles started from the Early English styleEarly English style Tidewater SouthTidewater South New EnglandNew England

Cape CodCape Cod GarrisonGarrison SaltboxSaltbox

Early homes were one Early homes were one room homes with a room homes with a chimney at one end.chimney at one end.

Then as more room Then as more room was needed they was needed they would slowly expand would slowly expand and add another and add another room.room.

Sometimes they would Sometimes they would have a covered porch.have a covered porch.

Small, symmetrical, one Small, symmetrical, one and a half story with a and a half story with a gable roof.gable roof.

Home is Home is symmetrical.symmetrical. Identical objects are Identical objects are

arranged around the center arranged around the center pointpoint

There is a central entrance There is a central entrance and central chimney.and central chimney.

Windows have shuttersWindows have shutters The eave of the roof is just The eave of the roof is just

above the first floor above the first floor windows.windows.

Dormers are usually cut Dormers are usually cut into the roof.into the roof.

A variation of the Cape A variation of the Cape Cod. It has a lean-to Cod. It has a lean-to section on the back.section on the back.

Homes are 2 or 2 ½ Homes are 2 or 2 ½ stories high.stories high.

They are constructed of They are constructed of wood.wood.

Steep gable roof that Steep gable roof that extends down to 1extends down to 1stst floor rear .floor rear .

Large central chimney.Large central chimney. Large windows with Large windows with

small panes of glass.small panes of glass.

A later design by English A later design by English settlers.settlers.

Have an overhanging Have an overhanging second story. Overhang second story. Overhang is always in the front of is always in the front of the house.the house.

There are usually carved There are usually carved drops or pendants for drops or pendants for decorationdecoration

Symmetrical design, Symmetrical design, steep gable roof and steep gable roof and windows with small windows with small panes of glass are all panes of glass are all characteristics of this characteristics of this stylestyle

The Dutch settled The Dutch settled mostly in New York.mostly in New York.

Most homes were 1 Most homes were 1 story and made of story and made of stone or brick.stone or brick.

One of the most One of the most important features important features was the door. It was was the door. It was divided in half divided in half horizontally and horizontally and called a called a Dutch doorDutch door..

This is a later style of This is a later style of Dutch houses.Dutch houses.

One big change is the One big change is the gambrel roofgambrel roof

Sometimes the flared Sometimes the flared portion extends over portion extends over an open porch. It is an open porch. It is called a called a Dutch KickDutch Kick. .

This style also has This style also has dormers, a central dormers, a central entrance, off-center entrance, off-center chimney, and windows chimney, and windows with small panes.with small panes.

Early French homes.Early French homes. This style was brought This style was brought

over by the Huguenotsover by the Huguenots 1 story structures with 1 story structures with

many narrow door and many narrow door and window openings.window openings.

Steep pitched roofs Steep pitched roofs with hipped or side-with hipped or side-gabled.gabled.

The walls were covered The walls were covered with stucco.with stucco.

Later French style Later French style of home.of home.

Symmetrical home Symmetrical home with wings on both with wings on both sides.sides.

Main part Main part

This style was This style was introduced to New introduced to New Orleans and then spread Orleans and then spread across the country.across the country.

It is more delicate and It is more delicate and dignified. Homes are dignified. Homes are usually symmetrical.usually symmetrical.

The windows are the The windows are the dominant part of this dominant part of this design.design.

The tops of the windows The tops of the windows break into the eave line.break into the eave line.

These homes can be as These homes can be as tall as 2 ½ storiestall as 2 ½ stories

These styles emerged after colonies These styles emerged after colonies and states were formed and housing and states were formed and housing was improved.was improved.

Materials were better quality and Materials were better quality and European floor plans were available. European floor plans were available.

Include Georgian, Federal, Greek Include Georgian, Federal, Greek Revival, Southern Colonial and Revival, Southern Colonial and VictorianVictorian

Became popular when Became popular when Kings George I, II and III Kings George I, II and III ruled England.ruled England.

Have windows with small Have windows with small panes of glass and gable panes of glass and gable or hip roofs.or hip roofs.

Hip roofs have sloping ends Hip roofs have sloping ends and sides and often a flat and sides and often a flat roof.roof.

Sometimes the roof has a Sometimes the roof has a balustrade or railing called balustrade or railing called a widow’s walk.a widow’s walk.

There is usually a chimney There is usually a chimney at both ends and some at both ends and some ornamentation under the ornamentation under the roof.roof.

FederalFederal These houses have a box like These houses have a box like

shapeshape SymmetricalSymmetrical At least 2 stories highAt least 2 stories high Roof is flat with a surrounding Roof is flat with a surrounding

balustradebalustrade Sometimes there is a Sometimes there is a porticoportico

PorticoPortico- an open space covered - an open space covered with a roof that is supported with with a roof that is supported with columns columns

There are also There are also pedimentspediments PedimentsPediments- architectural roof-- architectural roof-

like decorations found over a like decorations found over a portico, window or doorportico, window or door

These can be segmental or These can be segmental or triangulartriangular

Greek RevivalGreek Revival

2 story portico 2 story portico Portico is Portico is

supported by supported by Greek columnsGreek columns

Columns have a Columns have a large triangular large triangular pedimentpediment

Houses are usually Houses are usually largelarge

Southern Southern ColonialColonial

Similar to Greek revivalSimilar to Greek revival 2-3 story home that is 2-3 story home that is

symmetricalsymmetrical 2 story columns extend 2 story columns extend

across the entire front of across the entire front of the homethe home

The roof style is hip or The roof style is hip or gablegable

Dormers, shutters and a Dormers, shutters and a belvederebelvedere are often are often includedincluded BelvedereBelvedere- small room on - small room on

the roof of the house used the roof of the house used as a look outas a look out

VictorianVictorian

Named after Queen Named after Queen Victoria of EnglandVictoria of England

Lots of decorative trimLots of decorative trim High porchesHigh porches Steep gable roofSteep gable roof Tall windowsTall windows High ceilingsHigh ceilings TurretTurret- a small tower- a small tower GingerbreadGingerbread- scrolls and - scrolls and

other decorative trim other decorative trim made from wood made from wood Can be found under eves, Can be found under eves,

around doors and windows around doors and windows