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Introducing the Solaris OEDirectory Hierarchy

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Introducing / (root) Subdirectories

Directory hierarchy of the Solaris OE is organized for administrative convenienceLogically, all directories fall below the / (root) directory

Important System Directories/ - The root of the overall file system namespace/bin - A symbolic link to the /usr/bin directory. It is thedirectory location for the binary files of standard systemcommands

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/dev - The primary directory for logical device names. Thecontents of this directory are symbolic links that point todevice files in the /devices directory

/devices - The primary directory for physical device names /etc - Holds host-specific configuration files and databases for

system administration /export - The default directory for commonly used shared file

systems

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/home - The default directory or mount point for a usershome directory/kernel - The directory of platform-independent loadablekernel modules that are required as part of the boot process/mnt - A convenient, temporary mount point for file systems/opt - The default directory or mount point for add-onapplication packages

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/platform - The directory of platform-dependent loadable kernelmodules

/sbin - The single-user bin directory that contains essentialexecutables that are used during the boot process and in manualsystem-failure recovery

/tmp - The directory for temporary files. The directory is clearedduring the boot sequence

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/usr - The directory that contains programs, scripts, andlibraries that are used by all system users. (usr - UNIXsystem resources)

/var - The directory for varying files, which usually includestemporary, logging, or status files

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Introducing File Components

File Names

File names are the objects most often used to access andmanipulate files. A file must have a name that is associatedwith an inode

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Inodes Inodes are the objects the Solaris OE uses to record

information about a file. In general inode contain two parts First, inodes contain information about the file, including

its owner, its permissions, and its size

Second, inodes contain pointers to data blocksassociated with the file Inodes are numbered, and each filesystem contains its

own list of inodes.

When a new file system is created, a complete list of new inodes is also created in that file system

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Data Blocks Data blocks are units of disk space that are used to store

data

Regular files, directories, and symbolic links make use of data blocks Device files do not hold data

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Identifying File Types

Solaris supports a standard set of file types that are found in

nearly all UNIX-based operating systems Four main file types:

Regular or ordinary files Directories Symbolic links Device files

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Regular files, directories and symbolic links all store one or more types of data

Device files do not store data, instead, device files provideaccess to devices

The character in the first column of information that the ls-l command indicates the file type

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- Regular files

d Directories l Symbolic links b Block-special device files

c Character-special device files

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Creating New Hard Links

#ln file1 file2Creates a new hard link named file2 for file1.Both the files will have the same inode number (can beverified using #ls -li)

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Removing Hard Links

Deleting one of the files has no effect on the other file. #rm file1 will remove file1 and will have no effect on file2