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Your Interactive Guide

to the Digital World

Discovering

Computers 2012

Chapter 1

Basic Introduction to Computers

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Objectives Overview

Explain whycomputer literacy

is vital to successin todays world

Defne the term,computer, anddescribe the

relationshipbetween data andinormation

Describe the fvecomponents o a

computer

Discuss theadvantages and

disadvantages thatusers experiencewhen working with

computers

Defne the term,network, and

identiy benefts osharing resources

on a network

Discuss the uses othe Internet andWorld Wide Web

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # 2%ee &age '

or Detailed (b)ectives

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Objectives Overview

Distinguish betweensystem sotware and

application sotware

Di*erentiate amongtypes, si+es, and

unctions o

computers in eachcategory

Describe the role oeach element in an

inormation system

Explain how homeusers, small

oce-home oce

users, mobile users,power users, and

enterprise users eachinteract withcomputers

Discuss how societyuses computers ineducation, fnance,government, health

care, science,publishing, travel, and

manuacturing

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A World of Computers

omputers are everywhere

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # 4&ages . / 0

1igure #/#

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What Is a Computer?

2 computeris an electronic device,operating under the control oinstructions stored in its own memory

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # 5&age 3

ollectsdata4input5

&rocessing

&roducesinformat

ion

4output5

Information rocessin! C"cle

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What Is a Computer?

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # #&age 3

1igure #/!

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$he Components of aComputer

2 computer contains many electric, electronic,and mechanical components known ashardware

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # %&ages 3 / 6

2llows you to enter data and instructions into a computerInput &evice

7ardware component that conveys inormation to one ormore people

Output&evice

ase that contains the electronic components o thecomputer that are used to process data'"stem (nit

8ecords 4writes5 and-or retrieves 4reads5 items to and romstorage media

'tora!e&evice

Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions,and inormation to and rom one or more computers ormobile devices

Communications &evice

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$he Components of aComputer

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # )&age 9

1igure #/'

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Advanta!es and &isadvanta!esof (sin! Computers

Advanta!es of(sin! Computers

&isadvanta!es of(sin! Computers

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # *

%peed

8eliability

onsistency

%torage

ommunications

7ealth 8isks

:iolation o &rivacy

&ublic %aety

Impact on ;abor1orce

Impact onEnvironment

&ages < / #"

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Advanta!es and &isadvanta!esof (sin! Computers

+reen computin!involves reducing theelectricity consumed and environmentalwaste generated when using a computer

%trategies include$ 8ecycling

8egulating manuacturing processes

Extending the lie o computers

Immediately donating or properly disposing o replacedcomputers

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # ,-&age #"

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.etwor/s and the Internet

2 networ/is acollection ocomputers and

devices connectedtogether, otenwirelessly, viacommunications

devices andtransmission media

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # ,,&ages #" / ##

1igure #/3

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.etwor/s and the Internet

=he Internet is a worldwide collection onetworks that connects millions o businesses,government agencies, educational

institutions, and individuals

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1igure #/9

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.etwor/s and the Internet

&eople use the Internet or a variety oreasons$

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # ,3&ages #! / #'

1igure #/6

Communicate 0esearch andAccess

Information

'hop 1an/ andInvest

Online$radin!

ntertainment

&ownloadideos

'hareInformation

WebApplication

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.etwor/s and the Internet

2 social networ/in! Web siteencourages members to share theirinterests, ideas, stories, photos, music,

and videos with other registered users

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # ,4&age #.

1igure #/<

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Computer 'oftware

'oftware, also called a pro!ram, tellsthe computer what tasks to perorm andhow to perorm them

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # ,5&ages #0 / #3

1igures #/#" / #/##

'"stem 'oftware (perating system >tility program

Application 'oftware

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Computer 'oftware

Installin!is the process o setting upsotware to work with the computer,printer, and other hardware

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # ,#&ages #3 / #9

1igure #/#!

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Computer 'oftware

2 programmerdevelops sotwareor writes the

instructions thatdirect thecomputer toprocess data into

inormation

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # ,%&age #6

1igure #/#'

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Cate!ories of Computers

Embedded computers

%upercomputers

?ainrames

%ervers

@ame consoles

?obile computers and mobile devices

&ersonal computers

Discovering omputers !"#!$ hapter # ,)&age #