Chapter 11

BloodBlood

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find in your book, make note of the information and move on.

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Things that will out last a Nuclear Fallout

Snuggie Cults

Manwich

Bloods Main Components

Plasma = 55%Plasma = 55%

Contains:

Water

Salts:Salts: Na, Cl, Mg, K, & Bicarbonate

Plasma proteins:

Albumin: pH buffering

Fibrinogen: Blood Clotting

Globulins: Lipid transport and antibodies

Cells [Formed Elements] = 45%Cells [Formed Elements] = 45%

Contains:

Erythrocytes (Red Blood cells): Carry Oxygen throughout the body

Leukocytes (White Blood Cells):

Basophils, Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, Neutrophils and Monocytes

Platelets: Aide in Blood Clotting

Blood can be separated into 4 layers Via use of a centrifuge Wait what’s a centrifuge? A centrifuge is a machine that spins objects placed in them rapidly so there is separation of layers via density

Whole blood is placed into tubes and then spun for a certain amount of time until layers remain.

Blood after centrifuging Like so…

Plasma

• 90% Water 90% Water • Plasma proteins:Plasma proteins:

• Albumin: create a pH buffering normal Albumin: create a pH buffering normal range is [7.35-7.45]range is [7.35-7.45]

• Fibrinogen: Seriously needed for clotting Fibrinogen: Seriously needed for clotting (well go into that more later) (well go into that more later)

• Globulins: good for lipid transport Globulins: good for lipid transport

Cellular components of BloodErythrocytes (RBC’s)

Red Blood Cells: Are the workhorses of the circulatory system DELIVERING OXYGEN!!

They are:

•Bi-concaved (smooshed in the middle)

•Anucleated (No Nucleus)

•And stuffed to the gills with HEMOGLOBIN

Hemoglobin a closer look

There about 5 million RBC’s per cubic mm of blood. A Single RBC = 250 million Hemoglobin Molecules 1 Hemoglobin Molecule = 4 Oxygen Molecule Do the Math…

The BalanceO2 level LowO2 level normal

Leukocytes: Most Least common • Neutrophils(40-70%):Neutrophils(40-70%): Active phagocytes Active phagocytes• Lymphocytes(20-45%):Lymphocytes(20-45%): one group produces anti- one group produces anti-

bodies, the other are involved in graft rejections, bodies, the other are involved in graft rejections, viruses, and tumor attack. viruses, and tumor attack.

• Monocytes (4-8%):Monocytes (4-8%): Active phagocytes, Play Active phagocytes, Play clean up crew when things turn south in the long clean up crew when things turn south in the long term chronic infections Ex: Tuberculosis term chronic infections Ex: Tuberculosis

• Eosinophils (1-4%):Eosinophils (1-4%): Attack worms, allergens, Attack worms, allergens, and inactivate some inflammatory chemicals and inactivate some inflammatory chemicals

• Basophils: (0-1%)Basophils: (0-1%) Contain histamine which Contain histamine which causes general inflammation at sites. causes general inflammation at sites.

How in the world are you suppose to remember that?!?!?!

““Never Let Men Eat Beasts”Never Let Men Eat Beasts”

Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils Eosinophils, Basophils

Gotta better one? Use it…

Blood Typing: Simple Terms

ABAB – Can receive from anyone (Universal receiver)

B B – Can only receive from B or O

A A – Can only receive from A or O

O O – Can only receive from O (Universal Donor)

Blood Typing: Simple Terms

ABAB – Can receive from anyone (Universal receiver)

B B – Can only receive from B or O

A A – Can only receive from A or O

O O – Can only receive from O (Universal Donor)

Blood Typing: Simple Terms

ABAB – Can receive from anyone (Universal receiver)

B B – Can only receive from B or O

A A – Can only receive from A or O

O O – Can only receive from O (Universal Donor)

So what is positive and negative mean?

Positive and Negative Blood Types Or Rh Groups: Simple like The Rh comes from the Rhesus monkey they performed experiments on as to how they found this little antigen.

It is a separate set from Blood Type and most people are POSITIVE.

But there are those that are Negative.

When the NEGATIVE people receive a transfusion from a positive it takes alittle while for the body to react. (Like on transfusion)

Once it does, HEMOLYSIS (Cell bursting) occurs of all non-Rh complying cells.

Now imagine a Rh negative Mother with a Rh positive Baby in the womb? *See a problem?*

Lets put in perspective

Ave human has around 6 liters of blood inside them.

When you donate blood you give a pint away.

3 pints (roughly) = 1 liter

Hypovolemic shock = Type of shock occurring when loss of 1.5 liters is lost somewhere from the body.

Feel alittle lightheaded now?

Ok Lets See what Blood Type you are!!!!

Next TimeNext Time

Blood Clotting, Blood Diseases & Blood Clotting, Blood Diseases &

Sutures Sutures