Imperialism: Policy in which stronger nations extend their
economic, political, or military control over weaker territories
Why Imperialism? Desire for military strength Thirst for new
markets Cultural superiority
Slide 4
Military Strength Establish a global military presence Why
would this be important? How does that align with Roosevelts Big
Stick Diplomacy Alfred T. Mahan: Urged creation of modern navy
Slide 5
New Markets Industrialization created need for new markets and
raw materials Cultural Superiority Social Darwinism Racial
Superiority Duty to spread Christianity
Slide 6
Believed in manifest destiny Supported the expansion of U.S.
into foreign territories Many believed that American culture was
superior
Slide 7
Opposed the take over of foreign lands William Jennings Bryan
Democratic nominee 1900 Acceptance speech warns of
imperialismspeech What famous speeches does he reference? Why would
those help support his claim? Does he believe American culture is
superior?
Slide 8
Slide 9
William Seward was an early supporter of American expansionism
Sewards Folly Bought Alaska in 1867 from the Russians for $7.2
million
Slide 10
U.S. takes Hawaii Annexation US businesses want annexation to
avoid sugar tariffs Businessmen overthrow Hawaiian Queen Sanford
Dole heads temporary govt Republic of Hawaii annexed in 1898
Slide 11
Slide 12
Read 18.2 Explain how each of the following people or terms
helped cause the outbreak of the Spanish-American War: American
business owners Jose Marti Valeriano Weyler Yellow journalism De
Lome Letter U.S S. Maine Everyone needs to write the responses down
in their notes!
Slide 13
Americans invest heavily in Cuban sugarcane Which goal of
imperialism does that align with? Cuban War for Independence Led by
Jose Marti US sugar mills attacked to provoke involvement American
opinion split
Slide 14
Spain sent General Valeriano Weyler to Cuba Sent 300,000 Cubans
to concentration camps Headline Wars Yellow Journalism: Reporting
that exaggerates news to make it exciting Deepens American sympathy
for the war cause
Slide 15
DeLome Letter McKinley tries diplomacy to avoid war Letter from
Spanish diplomat insults McKinley Americans are outraged
Slide 16
Slide 17
U.S.S. Maine Explodes Cause unknown, newspapers blame Spain
Americans call for war
Slide 18
War in Philippines George Dewey led U.S. attack on Spanish
fleet at Manila Filipinos support Dewey in hopes of independence
Spanish troops surrender in August 1898 War in the Caribbean U.S.
navy blockaded Cuba U.S. relied heavily on ill-equipped volunteer
soldiers
Slide 19
Slide 20
Rough Riders Volunteer regiment led by T. Roosevelt Clear path
for victory at San Juan Hill US Navy destroyed Spanish fleet US
invaded Puerto Rico July 25, 1898
Slide 21
Treaty of Paris Granted Cuba independence Puerto Rico and Guam
given to U.S. U.S. paid Spain $20m for Philippines Debate Over the
Treaty Controversy over U.S. right to annex Philippines
Christianize Filipinos? Violated Declaration of Independence? U.S.
approved annexation in 1899
Slide 22
Slide 23
US took control of Puerto Rico in 1898 US occupied Cuba after
war Platt Amendment: Limited Cubas rights in dealing with other
nations Gave U.S. right to intervene Philippines Rebellion that
leads to self-rule
Slide 24
Open Door Policy Calls for Chinas ports to remain open and
independent No nation gets special privileges Boxer Rebellion
Rebellion against Western presence in China Troops sent to suppress
rebellion
Slide 25
Slide 26
Big Stick Diplomacy Walk softly and carry a big stick; you will
go far.-T.R. U.S. is willing to negotiate, but will use military
force if necessary.
Slide 27
TR negotiated Treaty of Portsmouth Ended Russo-Japanese War TR
won Nobel Peace Prize US prestige increased Panama Canal Reduced
travel time Established U.S. presence in Central America
Slide 28
Roosevelt Corollary Based off of the Monroe Doctrine Said U.S.
would be willing to use military power to protect its economic
interests in Latin America The U.S., not Europe, should be the
caretaker of Latin America The corollary stated the U.S. would use
force to protect economic interests in Latin America
Slide 29
Dollar Diplomacy U.S. will use military force to guarantee
loans made to foreign nations Leads to U.S. military intervention
in Nicaragua
Slide 30
Missionary Diplomacy Wilson refused to recognize any
oppressive, undemocratic, or hostile government The U.S. would
intervene if this occurred Conflict with Mexico Wilson refuses to
recognize Huertas government Uses minor incident to occupy Veracruz
Recognized Carranza government
Slide 31
Rebellion in Mexico Pancho Villa Wanted war between Carranza
and US Killed 16 Americans in raid U.S. General Pershing invaded
Mexico and crushed Villas forces in 1916
Slide 32
U.S. is no longer isolationist due to ties with Latin America
Diplomacy becomes majorly important for the Presidency How do you
see diplomacy playing a role in the first World War?