Terminal Building

Airport Components Terminal Building Departure & Arrival Flow Baggage Handling Air Traffic Control & Flight Profiles

1 Incheon International Airport 2 Hong Kong International Airport3 Singapore Changi4 Zurich, Switzerland5 Munich, German6 Kansai, Japan7 Kuala Lumpur8 Amsterdam9 Centrair Nagoya , Japan10 Auckland, New Zealand

http://www.worldairportawards.com/Awards_2009/Airport2009.htm

Kansai International Airport

Incheon Airport

1. Hartsfield, Atlanta2. O'Hare, Chicago3. Heathrow, London4. Tokyo, Japan5. Los Angeles, USA6. Dallas Forth/Worth7. Charles De Gaulle, Paris 8. Frankfurt, German9. Amsterdam, Schipol10. Las Vegas, USA

Airspace : • Space area surrounding an airport for aircraft

maneuver (after takeoff, before landing) Airfield (Aerodromes : For Aircraft Operations

• Area including building, installations & equipments for aircraft take-off, landing & surface movement.

Landside : For Passenger Operations• Area to accommodate the passengers (terminal

building) & passenger’s vehicles (parking facilities) Airport Ground Access Systems:

• Area to accommodate the vehicles to/from the surrounding city area & between the various buildings around the airport (Cars, buses, taxis, railways)

Airport Components

2. Airfield

1. Airspace L

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Terminal A building to facilitate the passengers & baggage movements from/onto

the aircraft

Concourse Open space or hall in passenger terminal, used for circulation or waiting.

Denver International Airport, Concourse B

To provide various facilities for crews & passengers move from aircraft or onto aircraft efficiently.

Examples: The main building where passengers embark and

disembark aircrafts. Check in counters Ticketing process Customs clearance & immigration control Shopping, toilets, eating, meeting, business &

conference

Easy Access from road or rail

Efficient Baggage Delivery

Full range of services (Toilets, Retail shops, ATM machines, Food & Beverages)

Convenient parking, ground transportation

Clean building

Simple procedures & Easy reading of flight Information

Safe & Secure Environment

Clear Signage

Convenience and comfortShort walking Distances

Good airport shopping & eating facilities

Short Queues

Passenger Check in Ticket/Baggage

Immigration Check

Security Check

Passenger goes To Secured Room

Passenger Boarding using Aerobridge

Check In Counters: Passenger show ticket and passport to get a boarding pass. Passenger’ baggage screened here and get baggage claim receipts. Weighing machine to ensure the aircraft can take-off safely.

Immigration Counters: Passport checked & stamped (approved)

Security Check: Baggage scanning using X-ray machine and body checks using metal detector gate are performed on all passengers for security reasons.

Secured (Sterile) Room: For waiting to board the aircraft. This room is connected to the aerobridge.

Passenger Disembarks from aircraft

Immigration

Baggage Claims

Customs Checks

Public Transport

Immigration : Passport Stamped

Baggage Claims: Passenger show their baggage claimed receipt & collect their baggage.

Customs Clearance: Passenger declare the items that they brought before go the Arrival Area

Public transport: Passenger can take a transportation to go home/ hotels.

Different Levels: To avoid traffic congestions Arrival and Departure

Halls are placed at different levels of a major airport.

Satellite Building: Away and isolated from the Terminal Building in

order to reduce the main terminal congestion. Provide more aerobridges for aircraft.

Quick Movement in the Terminal Building: Adequate signage to public facilities, Adequate

public transport (Cars, Taxis, Buses). Different check-in counters according to airliners

& more immigration counter for faster passenger movements

Public Parking - for airline passengers & families• Near terminal building. Pay per hour.

Separate Parking-for airport employee • Far away from terminal area, airport workers using

bus go to the terminal.

Car Rental Parking-for taxi or airport limousine• So close to the terminal building.

Off-Airport Parking- for airline passengers• Far away from terminal building, with lower charges.

Can the bags move from point to point as fast as the

travelers can?

Functions : Moving passengers baggage From the check in area to the departure

area or From the arrival gate to the baggage-claim

area.

Goals: Faster Safe

Manual Methods • Multiple luggage pieces in one cart

• Not automatically sorted

Automatic Methods• DCV – Destination Coded Vehicles

Each cart contains a single piece of baggage

Automatically sorted

Little or no human interaction required

DCVs = Destination-coded vehicles Conveyors- Like a local ‘roads’ Automatic Scanner=scan the labels on the

baggage Baggage-Like a Passenger

Check-in: Agents put tag on baggage• Bag’s owner, Flight number, Final destination, Intermediate

connections and airlines

Automated bar code scanner• After reading the bar-code, the system will know where that bag is

at all times.• Hundred of computers keep track of the bag.

Conveyors• Hundreds of conveyors with junctions connecting all of them• Sort all of the bags from all of the different airlines and send them

to DCVs that are headed to the proper terminal and gate

DCVs –Destination Coded Vehicles• Headed to proper destination• Move bag quickly (5 times faster than conveyors)• Tracked by computers

To maintain safe and efficient SEPARATION between aircraft

Safety: To avoid mid-air collisions

Efficiency: To increase capacity and avoid flight delay.

1. Air Traffic Control System Command Center (ATCSCC) – to control all ATC, manage problems such bad weather & traffic overloads

2. Air Traffic Control Towers (ATCT) – to control all take-off, landing & ground traffic.

3. Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) – to control departing and approaching aircraft.

4. Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCT) - to control flight in air routes.

5. Flight Service Stations (FSS) – Provides information

ATCSCC: oversees all air traffic control

Herndon, Virginia

KLIA Main Control Tower KLIA Apron Control Tower

Surface Movement Radar Display

ATC Equipment

Radar Display Systems

Weather observations Pilot weather briefings Filing IFR/VFR flight plans Distributing NOTAMs Broadcasting weather information Spread ATC clearances Emergency assistance

VFR (Visual Flight Rules)

• Separation maintained by pilot (“see and

avoid”)

IFR (Instrument Flight Rules)

• Separation maintained by controller

Radar = Radio Detection and Ranging• Provides aircraft info: air speed, direction and

altitude of aircraft to assist air traffic controllers to track the position of aircraft in the coverage area.

TAR= Terminal Approach Control

KLIA TAR:Terminal

Approach Radar

Providing information to pilots

Weather & Navigation information

NOTAMs: Notice to Airmens

Responsible for Controlled Airspace

ATC issue instructions that pilots are required to follow

Preflight:

Take-Off

Departure:

En-Route

Descent

Approach

Landing: tower give landing clearance

Step 1- Preflight: Pilot files the flight plan & send to the Tower controller. Tower inform pilot the weather information. Flight checks, push-back from the gate & taxi to the runway.

Step 2- Take-off: Tower controller gives pilot clearance for take-off, aircraft powers up & take-off.

Step 3- Departure: Aircraft climbs to a define altitude Tower controller pass their communication with pilot to the TRACON controller. Pilot receives clearance for routing.

Step 4- En-route: Air route controller instructing pilot to the specific altitude and heading.

Step 5- Descent: Near airport, TRACON controller instructing pilot to descent & change heading.

Step 6- Approach: Pilot receives approach clearance by TRACON controller & their communication with pilot is passed to the Tower Controller.

Step 6- Landing: Local controller gives clearance for landing. Ground controller directs the pilot across the taxiways to its destination gate at the terminal.

41

1. The four airport components are _________,__________,_____________& _________.

2. The flow of arriving passengers in a Terminal is Immigration, _________________, Custom & Exit.

3. The piece of paper given to passengers after check in is called ___________________.

4. The mechanical walkway between the terminal building and the aircraft is called _____________.

5. Passenger baggage screened by ______ machine and their body scanned by ___________ before boarding.

The facility to carry baggage from ticketing counter to the aircraft at an airport is___________.

An ‘isolated’ passenger building to avoid congestion at Terminal Building is called___________.

In order to reduce traffic congestion at a Terminal Building , the arrival and departure halls are located at separate ______________.

Four types parking facilities available at airport are _____________, ______________,_______________, & ______________.

43

1. The ATC major role is to maintain __________ & ___________ separation between aircrafts.

2. Safely is to avoid_________________.

3. Effectively is to avoid________________.

4. TRACON is stand for __________________.

5. Flight profiles begin with 1-Preflight, 2- _________,

3-______________, 4-___________, 5- Descent, 6- _________ & 7- Landing.

1. During preflight pilot receives _____________ & _____________ from the controller.

2. Once aircraft depart tower controller pass their communication with pilot to the ____________ controller.

3. At en-route control pilot is guided to the specific _________& ________ in order to maintain aircraft separation distances.

1. After get clearance for landing, ground tower controller directs the pilot across the taxiways to its ______________

2. RADAR is stand for ____________, ____________ & ________________.