Chapter 2P. 25-42

The Planting of English America

1500-1733

The Spanish Armada in 1588

The Spanish Armada 15881. An armada is a fleet of

ships2. Elizabeth I of England had

supported the protestant Dutch in their rebellion with Spain

3. Protestant Queen Elizabeth I of England watched the revolt in the Netherlands and feared a Spanish invasion of England

4. She hired English “Sea Dogs” (like pirates) to attack Spanish ports in America

Spanish Armada continued

5. The Sea Dogs were also ordered to capture Spanish ships in the Atlantic

6. The most famous Sea Dog was Francis Drake

7. Drake was knighted by Queen Elizabeth I for his success against the Spanish and became Sir Francis Drake

Defeat of the Spanish Armada 1588

8. 1588 Philip sent a Spanish Armada

*130 ships up the English Channel to invade England

9. Spain lost to England in a major naval battle

10. The Spanish Armada was forced into the North Sea

11. Violent storms destroyed many ships and scattered the rest

12. The storms were later called the “protestant wind” by the English

The British victory in the Spanish Armada of 1588 marked the beginning of the end of Spanish dominance in colonizing the New World and issued in the era of British naval dominance in the North Atlantic. Britain was now united behind a popular queen and perched for exploration and settlement of the New World.

Defeat of the Spanish Armada 1588

This image of Elizabeth I is said to celebrate her victory in theSpanish Armada 1588

Armada Portrait of Elizabeth IQueen Elizabeth I used her charm and intelligence to turn England into a major world power. This portrait, painted around 1588 when Elizabeth was 55 years old, shows the queen at the peak of her power, a fact depicted by the artist in the scenes visible through the windows in the background. Through the left window, we can see Elizabeth's naval fleet; through the right one, we witness the Spanish Armada sinking in the stormy Atlantic.

Armada Portrait of Elizabeth I

Sources of the Puritan “Great Migration” to New England1620-1650

The dark green areas indicate the main sources of migration.

Puritan wool districts where many poor farmers and textile workers lived in England. These would be the settlers who would participate in the “Great Puritan Migration” 1620-1650

Sir Walter Raleigh•Launched important colonizing failures in the New World• 1585 Roanoke Island, North

Carolina• Mysteriously vanished

swallowed up by the wilderness

It was significant that the Charter for the Virginia Company to settle Jamestown guaranteed settlers the same rights of Englishmen in England. These rights were extended to all settlers of British colonies.

Jamestown 1607

Jamestown

Captain John Smith“He who shall not work shall not eat.”

Lord De La Warr’s Arrival 1610

Powhatan

Pocahontas•Daughter of Powhatan•“Saved” Captain John Smith•Married John Rolfe•An intermediary between the Indians and the settlers

Tobacco

The House of Burgesses •Established by the London Company in 1619

Early Maryland and Virginia

Lord Baltimore founded Maryland 1634• Safe haven for Catholics

Act of Religious Toleration 1649• Maryland legislature passed this

law• Considered a forerunner to the

concept of separation of church and state

Maryland 1634

Rice Plantation

A Carolina Rice Plantation

Early Carolina and Georgia Settlements

Iroquois Lands and European Trade Centersc. 1590–1650

Thirteen Colonies

Thirteen ColoniesFounding

JamestownFirst Permanent EnglishSettlement