Chapter 25

America Mobilizes for war

Selective Service

Production in America• Prefab Construction• Labor force kicked in

and women went to work – “Rosie the Riveter”

Technologies role in World War II

President set up the OSRD – Office of Scientific Research

and Development

Radar for detecting planes

Sonar for detecting submarines

Manhattan Project

Agency and LawsOffice of Price Administration1. Fought inflation by freezing wages, prices, and rents2. Rationed food, such as meat, butter, cheese, vegetables, sugar, and coffee.

National War Labor Board1. Unlimited wage increases2. Allowed negotiated benefits, such as paid vacation, pensions, and Medical

insurance1. Kept Unions stable by forbidding workers to change unions

War Productions Board1. Rationed fuel and materials vital to the war effort, such as gasoline,

heating oil, metals, rubber, and plastics  

Department of Treasury1. Issued war bonds to raise money for the war effort and to fight inflation Revenue Act of 19421. Raised the top personal income tax rate to 88%2. Added middle and lower income Americans to the income tax rolls.

Smith-Connelly Anti-Strike Act• Limited the right to strike in industries crucial to the war effort.• Gave President right to take over striking plants.

 

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Unsung Heroes of World War II

Tuskegee Airmen Nisei

D-Day Invasion

Two Commanding Officers leading the way through EuropeOmar Bradley George Patton

Battle of the Bulge

Harry Truman• Vice President under

FDR• Became president and

Orchestrated VE Day• Would lead the way in

the war in the Pacific

The Battle of the Pacific

Two Military Leader in the Pacific

Douglas MacArthur Chester A. Nimitz

Battle of Midway

Japanese Zero vs. VMF 214

Kamikaze Pilots threaten American Ships

Iwo Jima

Robert J. Oppenheimer

Fat Man And Little Boy

Hiroshima

Nagasaki

Atomic Destruction10 Kiloton 1 Megaton 20 Megaton1) 0.5 Miles 2.5 Miles 8.75 Miles2) 1 Mile 3.75 Miles 14 Miles3) 1.75 Miles 6.5 Miles 27 Miles4) 2.5 Miles 7.75 Miles 31 Miles5) 3 Miles 10 Miles 35 MilesAirburst – 1,980 Feet Airburst – 8,000 Feet Airburst – 17,500 Feet

1) Vaporization Point – Everything is Vaporized by the atomic blast98% FatalitiesOver pressure=25psiwind Velocity=320mph

2) Total Destruction – All structures above ground destroyed90% FatalitiesOverpressure=17psiWind Velocity=290

3) Severe Blast Damage – Factories and large scale buildings collapse. Damage Bridges. Rivers flow counter current.

65% FatalitiesOverpressure=9psiWind Velocity= 260mph

Atomic Explosion Cont’d10 Kiloton 1 Megaton 20 Megaton1) 0.5 Miles 2.5 Miles 8.75 Miles2) 1 Mile 3.75 Miles 14 Miles3) 1.75 Miles 6.5 Miles 27 Miles4) 2.5 Miles 7.75 Miles 31 Miles5) 3 Miles 10 Miles 35 Miles

4) Severe Heat Damage – Everything Flammable Burns. People in area suffocate due to the fact that most available oxygen is consumedby the fires.

50% Fatalities45% InjuredOverpressure=6psiwind Velocity=140 mph

5) Severe Fire and Wind Damage – Residency structures are severely damaged. People are blown around. 2nd and 3rd degree burns suffered by most survivors.

15% Dead50% InjuredOverpressure=3psiWind Velocity=98 mph

General MacArthur signs surrender by the

Japanese

The Big Three

Yalta Conference

• Roosevelt was mediator between Churchill and Stalin

• USSR wanted to divide Germany into military zones

• USSR agreed to join in the war in the pacific

• Establishment of the United Nations

Nuremberg Trials• German

Officials put on trial for their role in the genocide policy adopted by Hilter against the Jews

War on the Home front

Japanese Americans were treated close to the Jews of Europe

Japanese Internment Camps

VE Day

VJ Day

Signing the GI Bill

Axis Power CasualtiesCountry Tot Pop. Killed Wounded Total Civilian

Germany 78 M 3.5 M 4.6 M 8.1 M 2 M

Italy 44 M 330,000 ? ? 70,000

Japan 72 M 1.75 M ? ? 350,000

Rumania 20 M 500,000 300,000 800,000 400,000

Bulgaria 6 M 10,000 ? ? 50,000

Hungary 10 M 120,000 250,000 370,000 200,000

Finland 4 M 100,000 45,000 145,000 4,000

Total 234 M 6.31 M 5.2 M 9.42 M 3.08 M

Axis Totals

Total # of Killed or Wounded On Axis side

of War14.59 Million

Percentage of total Population in Axis

Countries6%

Allied CasualtiesCountry Tot Pop. Killed Wounded Total Civilian

China 450 M 1.3 M 1.8 M 3.1 M 9 M

Poland 35 M 130,000 200,000 330,000 2.5 M

U.K. 48 M 400,000 300,000 700,000 60,000

France 42 M 250,000 350,000 600,000 270,000

Australia 7 M 30,000 40,000 70,000 0

India 360 M 36,000 64,000 100,000 0

New Zealand 2 M 10,000 20,000 30,000 0

Cont’dSo. Africa 10 M 9,000 14,000 23,000 0

Canada 11 M 42,000 50,000 92,000 0

Denmark 4 M 2,000 ? ? 1,000

Norway 3 M 10,000 ? ? 6,000

Belgium 8 M 12,000 16,000 28,000 100,000

Holland 9 M 14,000 7,000 21,000 250,000

Greece 7 M 90,000 ? ? 400,000

Yugo. 15 M 320,000 ? ? 1.3 m

USSR 194 M 9 M 18 M 27 M 19 M

USA 129 M 300,000 300,000 600,000 0

Total 1.327 B 11.96 M 21.16 M 32.7 M 32.9 M

Allied Totals

Total # of Killed or Wounded On Allied

side of War65.6 Million

Percentage of total Population in Allied

Countries5%

Comparative Loses

Germany12% of Total

population

Poland8% of Total population

USSR23% of Total Population

USA.05% of Total

Population