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Chapter 3 Review Canada’s Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Chapter 3 ReviewCanada’s Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Vocabulary!!
Constitution - A special set of laws that establish a framework of governance
Indian Act - Federal legislation related to the rights and status of First Nations peoples first passed in 1876 and amended several times.
Labor Union - An organization of workers that acts to protect workers’ rights and interests.
Vocabulary!!Charter of Rights and Freedoms -
The part of Canada’s constitution which sets out the framework for how Canada is to be governed. It includes individual rights and collective rights.
War Measures Act -
The War Measures Act was a Canadian statute that allowed the government to assume sweeping emergency powers in the event of "war, invasion or insurrection, real or apprehended”
Vocabulary!!Rights -
What individuals and groups are allowed to do in society, as established in law.
Suffrage -
The right to vote or to run for office.
Internment -
the imprisonment or confinement of people, commonly in large groups, without trial.
Questions!!!What is “governance?”
The rules that describe what the government can do with its power.
When did the Charter of Rights and Freedoms come into effect?
It dates from 1982!
It contains what 2 classifications of rights?
Individual Rights and Collective Rights
Questions!!!What does entrenched mean?
It means that something is fixed firmly within something else. Who was Prime Minister when the Charter was entrenched into the Constitution?
Pierre Trudeau
Who has the final decision as to whether or not rights have been violated?
The Human Rights CommissionWhat is the Notwithstanding Clause?
The ability to declare a law or part of a law temporarily "notwithstanding”. To override the Charter protections for a limited period of time. This is done by including a section in the law clearly specifying which rights have been overridden. Can last a max. of 5 years.
Your Rights!Fundamental Freedoms:
The freedom to express your opinions
The freedom to choose your own religion
The freedom to organize peaceful meetings and demonstrations
The freedom to associate with any person or group
Your Rights!Democratic Rights:
The right to vote for members of the House of Commons and of provincial legislatures
The right to vote for a new government at least every 5 years
Your Rights!
Mobility Rights:
The right to move anywhere in Canada and to earn a living there
The right to enter, stay in, or leave Canada
Your Rights!
Legal Rights:
The right t be free of imprisonment, search and seizure without reasons backed by law and evidence
The right to a fair and quick public trial by an impartial court that assumes you are innocent until proven guilty
Your Rights!
Equality Rights:
The right to be free of discrimination because of race, national or ethnic origin, religion, gender, age, or mental or physical disability
Questions!!!
When was it passed? Passed in 1876
Required First Nations people to obtain government permission wear traditional clothing.
What was it about?
Banned traditional ceremonies, such as the Sundance of the Siksika.
Prevented the First Nations from taking political action.
The Indian Act
Questions!!!
What was unfair about this Act?
The First Nations people where the subject of the Act but were never involved in the decision making. They were not consulted at all.
It was a way to oppress their culture simply because it was believed to be inferior to the European one.
The Indian Act
Questions!!!
When did women secure the right to vote?
Who was Emily Howard Stowe?
Why did she give it a cover name and what was that name?
Canadian Women and the Right to Vote
1918
Canada’s first female doctor who founded a club topromote women’s suffrage.
The idea was so radical at the time, they couldHave faced major issues so she gave it the coverName “The Toronto Women’s Literary Club”
Questions!!!
What event prompted the internment? In what year?
What allowed the Canadian government to do so?
What happened to these Ukrainians?
Internment of Ukrainian Canadians
WWI in 1918 Ukraine was in enemy hands.
The War Measures Act passed in 1914 at the outbreak of war.
- Some deported
- Made to do labor for little or no wages
- Homes and possessions seized
Questions!!!
What event prompted the internment? In what year?
What allowed the Canadian government to do so?
What happened to these Italians?
Internment of Italian Canadians
WWII in 1940 Italy declared war on Canada.
The War Measures Act
- Sent to work camps
- Made to do labor for little or no wages
- Property seized
- worked on the Railway
Questions!!!
What event prompted the internment? In what year?
What allowed the Canadian government to do so?
What happened to these Japanese Canadians?
Internment of Japanese Canadians
WWII in 1941 Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor.
The War Measures Act
- Moved inland, away from the coast
- Made to do labor for little or no wages
- Property was supposed t be safe guarded by the government but wasn’t
Questions!!!
How was the Ukrainian internment recognized and when?
How was the Italian internment recognized and when?
How was the Japanese internment recognized and when?
Internment Responses
In 2005, Canada passed the internment of Persons of Ukrainian Origin Recognition Act. It acknowledges this event in Canadian history.
In 1990, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney apologized to Canada’s Italian community for the internment.
In 1988, Canada’s government formally apologized to Japanese Canadians.
Questions!!!
When and where did this take place?
Who was involved?
What triggered it?
FLQ Crisis
In Montreal in 1970
The Front de libération du Québec. A terrorist group working for French domination and sovereignty in Quebec.
The FLQ kidnapped government officials and put ransoms on them to obtain their goals.
Why is this important?This is the third time the War Measures Act was used in Canadian History and the only time it was used in peacetime.
Questions!!!
What are some of your responsibilities?
Two examples we looked at?- A deaf person who requires an interpreter to help understand her doctor’s advice.
The Charter and Law Making
- Challenge government legislation that threaten individual rights.
- Make the decision to exercise your rights.
- Examine the extent to which lawmakers are fair and equitable in protecting individual rights.
- In June 2007, Canada’s government banned certain people from traveling by air for security reasons.
Questions!!!
What does the charter protect against in the workplace?
What are two examples we looked at?- Ontario women and five labor unions launched a challenge arguing that the province was discriminating against them based on gender. They fought for Pay Equity.
The Charter and The Workplace
- No discrimination based on race or ethnic origin.
- No discrimination based on age.
- No discrimination based on gender.
- University of Alberta professor Olive Dickason challenged whether they could force her to retire at age 65 claiming it was discrimination based on age.
Questions!!!
What did Galileo Galilei get convicted of heresy for?
Who was Desmond Tutu? What did he suggest?- He was a leader in the fight against South Africa’s apartheid system. He said that they must use methods that won’t be looked back on in disgust or dislike but “methods that will withstand the harsh scrutiny of history.”
The Crooked Path to Liberty
-For putting forward the idea that the Earth revolved around the sun whenthe church taught it the opposite.
-The fundamental freedom to express your own opinions and possibly the right to choose your own religion.
What part of the Charter would this conviction go against?
Questions!!!
What are some examples of times when the Charter is not being upheld as it should?
- Mr.. Dziekanski was killed when shot five times by a taser gun because there Was a communication gap. He spoke neither English or French and no one could translate.
Modern Issues
- Aboriginal housing continues to be sub standard. Eg. The little girl who died in a house fire because it burnt up so quickly.
- Abousfian Abdelrazik was arrested and without a trial imprisoned when he went back to Sudan to visit family. He was not allowed back into Canada because they will not issue him a new Canadian passport.
