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Chapter 3: The English Colonies
Section 1: The Southern Colonies
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English Interest in the Americas
Began with Sir Walter Raleigh and Roanoke
Colony in 1587.
Why North America?
Overcrowding in England
Competition between the Spanish, Portuguese,
Dutch and French
Religious freedom
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Settlement in Jamestown
1606 The Virginia Company of London was
granted a charter by King James I to settle an
English colony in North America.
What is a charter?
VA company was a joint stock company.
What is a joint-stock company?
Group of multiple investors instead of a single investor.
Less risk of losing a lot of money.
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Settlement in Jamestown
April 26, 1607 105 colonists arrived inAmerica.
May 14, 1607 Jamestown is founded on
James River Jamestown in the first permanent English colony
in North America.
Who had already established colonies in NorthAmerica?
Spanish (St. Augustine), French (Montreal & Quebec)and the Dutch (New York).
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Settlement in Jamestown
First colonists were wealthy adventurers who
had no experience farming or building houses.
Jamestown surrounded by marshes and
disease carrying mosquitoes.
By winter, two-thirds of the colonists had died.
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John Smith
Before joining the Virginia Company to
colonize America, Smith made a living as a
mercenary soldier.
He had been kidnapped and sold into slavery
by a Turkish leader but eventually escaped
back to England.
He was chosen as one of seven to govern the
colony.
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John
SmithDisney
Version
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John Smith
Real Version
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John Smith Takes Control of Jamestown
John Smith takes control of Jamestown in
1608.
He built a fort and forced the remaining settlers to
work harder by instituting the no work-no food
policy.
Smith makes an agreement with the Powhatan
Confederacy. Powhatans assist colonists withfarming.
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The Starving Time
1609
over 400 new settlers arrive in Jamestown.
John Smith returns to England due to an injury
received in a gunpowder accident By the end of winter only 60 of 400 new
colonists remained alive.
Colonists died because of disease and famine.
Jamestown, at this point, was a completefailure.
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John Rolfe Introduces Tobacco
John Rolfe introduced tobacco to Virginia in
1611.
It quickly became a very profitable cash crop
and saved Jamestown and Virginia.
It also caused many land disputes between
colonists and Powhatans.
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War with Powhatan Confederacy
The Powhatan Confederacy and the English
colonists had good relationship for a while.
However, disagreements over leadership and
land ownership caused them to fight.
This resulted in English capturing the chiefs
daughter, Pocahontas and holding her until
Powhatans released settlers.
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Pocahontas Disney
Version
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The only
known
portrait of
Pocahontas
created
during her
lifetime is
this
engraving.
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Pocahontas (Matoaka)
Pocahontas changed her name to Rebecca,
converted to Christianity, and married John
Rolfe.
She became sick in England, most likely
pneumonia or tuberculosis, and died before
ever returning to Virginia.
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Daily Life in Virginia
Headright System
Started by the Virginia Company of London.
Colonists who paid their own way to Virginia were
granted 50 acres of land. For every person they brought with them they
received an additional 50 acres.
Indentured Servant
People exchanged servitude if someone else paidfor their passage to America. Normally lasted 4-7years.
