Chapter 8: The PresidencyChapter 8: The Presidency

Section 1: President and Vice President

Section 2: Electing the President

Section 3: The Cabinet

Section 4: The Executive Office

Section 1: President and Vice President

Section 2: Electing the President

Section 3: The Cabinet

Section 4: The Executive Office

Section 1: President and Vice PresidentSection 1: President and Vice PresidentI: Duties of the PresidentA. How do we know what the

president’s job description is?B. Major duties of the president

according to the Constitution include___________________________________________________________________________Meet with heads of foreign governments

(___________________)

I: Duties of the PresidentA. How do we know what the

president’s job description is?B. Major duties of the president

according to the Constitution include___________________________________________________________________________Meet with heads of foreign governments

(___________________)

II: President’s Term and SalaryII: President’s Term and SalaryA. The president is limited to two terms

by the ________ Amendment. This precedent was set by _____________,

but _________________ with this tradition by running for a 3rd and 4th term

Technically, a president could serve for as long as ____ years. How is this possible?

B. Congress sets the president’s salary, which has been $__________ since 2001.

A. The president is limited to two terms by the ________ Amendment. This precedent was set by _____________,

but _________________ with this tradition by running for a 3rd and 4th term

Technically, a president could serve for as long as ____ years. How is this possible?

B. Congress sets the president’s salary, which has been $__________ since 2001.

II: continued II: continued Additional compensation and benefits include. . .

$___________ a year travel allowance (tax free)$___________ expense account (tax free)Special ______________Free health and dental insurance_______room mansion with a movie theater, bowling

alley, pool, tennis courts, and a staff of ______ to take care of it.

Lifetime pension (currently $____________/year)Allowance to pay for _____________Personal security force even after leaving officeA vacation house (Camp David)

Additional compensation and benefits include. . .$___________ a year travel allowance (tax free)$___________ expense account (tax free)Special ______________Free health and dental insurance_______room mansion with a movie theater, bowling

alley, pool, tennis courts, and a staff of ______ to take care of it.

Lifetime pension (currently $____________/year)Allowance to pay for _____________Personal security force even after leaving officeA vacation house (Camp David)

III: Presidential QualificationsIII: Presidential QualificationsA. The requirements for president are

set by the Constitution:1. Must be a ____________citizen

(some people want to change that)2. At least ______years old3. Resident of the U.S. for at least

_______ years

A. The requirements for president are set by the Constitution:

1. Must be a ____________citizen (some people want to change that)

2. At least ______years old3. Resident of the U.S. for at least

_______ years

Presidential Qualifications continuedPresidential Qualifications continued

Although not specified by the Constitution, it’s helpful to. . .1. Have ____________________in government

Many presidents and candidates have been _____________, or _____________________

2. Be able to ______________________Candidates may spend up to $33.78 million dollars in the

primaries and $67.56 million in the general election.

3. Hold _________________________4. So far, presidents have shared similar ethnic,

economic, racial and gender characteristics.

Although not specified by the Constitution, it’s helpful to. . .1. Have ____________________in government

Many presidents and candidates have been _____________, or _____________________

2. Be able to ______________________Candidates may spend up to $33.78 million dollars in the

primaries and $67.56 million in the general election.

3. Hold _________________________4. So far, presidents have shared similar ethnic,

economic, racial and gender characteristics.

IV: Presidential SuccessionIV: Presidential SuccessionSpelled out by the _________ Amendment

___________________________________President ______________of the ____________Secretary of _________Other ________________Also says what happens if the position of vice

president becomes vacant. Has this happened in U.S. history?

Sets out rules for determining if the president cannot carry out his duties

Spelled out by the _________ Amendment___________________________________President ______________of the ____________Secretary of _________Other ________________Also says what happens if the position of vice

president becomes vacant. Has this happened in U.S. history?

Sets out rules for determining if the president cannot carry out his duties

V: The Vice President’s RoleV: The Vice President’s RoleThe Constitution gives the VP two

roles:1. President _________________ and

votes ________________________.2. Help decide whether the president is

incapable of his duties and take over if needed (________Amendment)

The Constitution gives the VP two roles:1. President _________________ and

votes ________________________.2. Help decide whether the president is

incapable of his duties and take over if needed (________Amendment)

Modern Responsibilities of the VPModern Responsibilities of the VP“The only authority he (the VP) has is what the President

gives him. He who giveth can taketh away.”Hubert Humphrey, VP to LBJ

[the vice presidency is] “the most insignificant office that ever the invention of man contrived or his imagination conceived”--John Adams

“I do not choose to buried until I am really dead.” Daniel Webster, on declining a vice-presidential nomination.

[the vice president’s job is ] “not worth a pitcher of warm spit.” John Nance Gardner, FDR’s VP

“The only authority he (the VP) has is what the President gives him. He who giveth can taketh away.”

Hubert Humphrey, VP to LBJ [the vice presidency is] “the most insignificant office

that ever the invention of man contrived or his imagination conceived”--John Adams

“I do not choose to buried until I am really dead.” Daniel Webster, on declining a vice-presidential nomination.

[the vice president’s job is ] “not worth a pitcher of warm spit.” John Nance Gardner, FDR’s VP

VP’s role continuedVP’s role continuedA. The job of VP depends on what jobs, if any,

the president assigns.Earlier presidents basically ignored their VPs,

but since ___________, presidents have come to rely more on VPs, especially for __________and defending ______________

_________________________.________________is arguably the most

powerful VP in history. . .“When you’re talking to Dick Cheney,you’re

talking to me. When Dick Cheney’s talking, it’s me talking.” (p.219)

A. The job of VP depends on what jobs, if any, the president assigns.

Earlier presidents basically ignored their VPs, but since ___________, presidents have come to rely more on VPs, especially for __________and defending ______________

_________________________.________________is arguably the most

powerful VP in history. . .“When you’re talking to Dick Cheney,you’re

talking to me. When Dick Cheney’s talking, it’s me talking.” (p.219)

Section 1 Discussion questions:Section 1 Discussion questions:1. Compare the president’s duties in

foreign policy with his duties in domestic policy.

2. Why are so many benefits available to presidents while they are in office?

What do you think is the most important qualification for the office of president?

Why have recent presidents given their VPs more responsibility?

1. Compare the president’s duties in foreign policy with his duties in domestic policy.

2. Why are so many benefits available to presidents while they are in office?

What do you think is the most important qualification for the office of president?

Why have recent presidents given their VPs more responsibility?

Section 2: Electing the PresidentSection 2: Electing the PresidentI. The Original System

Is outlined in Article ______, section ___, which states that the candidate receiving the majority of the electoral votes becomes president.

The candidate with the second highest number becomes vice president

Why is this a terrible idea?

I. The Original SystemIs outlined in Article ______, section ___,

which states that the candidate receiving the majority of the electoral votes becomes president.

The candidate with the second highest number becomes vice president

Why is this a terrible idea?

How Does the Electoral College Work?How Does the Electoral College Work?

Each state sets up its own system for choosing its _____________.

Each state gets the same number of ___________ as it has ________________________________ How many electoral votes does Alabama get?The earliest presidents were elected by the Electoral

College only. There was no popular election. See the links below for a good overview.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College

http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/faq.html#popularelectoral

Each state sets up its own system for choosing its _____________.

Each state gets the same number of ___________ as it has ________________________________ How many electoral votes does Alabama get?The earliest presidents were elected by the Electoral

College only. There was no popular election. See the links below for a good overview.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College

http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/faq.html#popularelectoral

II: Impact of Political PartiesII: Impact of Political PartiesEarly on, ____________________ (or “_________”

were viewed negatively as divisiveThe party system as we think of it today first had an

impact on presidential elections in the election of ________________. How did the president get chosen by the House of

Representatives in 1800? See p. 221. This event led to ratification of the _________amendment

in 1804.Other controversial elections have been in

1876 (Tilden v. Hayes “Compromise of 1877”) 1888 (Garfield v. Harrison) 2000 (Bush v. Gore)

Early on, ____________________ (or “_________” were viewed negatively as divisive

The party system as we think of it today first had an impact on presidential elections in the election of ________________. How did the president get chosen by the House of

Representatives in 1800? See p. 221. This event led to ratification of the _________amendment

in 1804.Other controversial elections have been in

1876 (Tilden v. Hayes “Compromise of 1877”) 1888 (Garfield v. Harrison) 2000 (Bush v. Gore)

III: The Electoral College System TodayIII: The Electoral College System TodayWe still use the Electoral College to

elect the President and Vice PresidentThe EC today uses a “_____________”

system for all but the electors from ________and ___________. So, in _____states, the electoral votes go to the candidate who won the popular vote.

The Electoral College vote is cast in December

We still use the Electoral College to elect the President and Vice President

The EC today uses a “_____________” system for all but the electors from ________and ___________. So, in _____states, the electoral votes go to the candidate who won the popular vote.

The Electoral College vote is cast in December

IV: Electoral College IssuesIV: Electoral College IssuesCritics say. . . (also see p. 227)

The winner-take-all system is unfairThe EC system makes it possible for the candidate

who “won” the election by popular vote to lose the actual election.

(Remember, this has happened 4 times)Third-party candidates could get enough EC votes to

throw an electionThe EC system makes it possible for the House of

Representatives or the Supreme Court to end up deciding an election, not the people.

Critics say. . . (also see p. 227)The winner-take-all system is unfairThe EC system makes it possible for the candidate

who “won” the election by popular vote to lose the actual election.

(Remember, this has happened 4 times)Third-party candidates could get enough EC votes to

throw an electionThe EC system makes it possible for the House of

Representatives or the Supreme Court to end up deciding an election, not the people.

Ideas for ReformIdeas for ReformThere have been several proposals for

changing the Electoral College system.See p. 224-226Which of these methods seems the most

“fair” to you?Why do we have the electoral college

anyway?

There have been several proposals for changing the Electoral College system.

See p. 224-226Which of these methods seems the most

“fair” to you?Why do we have the electoral college

anyway?

V: the _________________V: the _________________Is when the new president gets _______.Leading officials from the various

branches attend the ceremony.The new president takes office at _____

on _________. Presidents have used inaugural

addresses to make some of their most famous speeches, such as JFK’s “ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”

Is when the new president gets _______.Leading officials from the various

branches attend the ceremony.The new president takes office at _____

on _________. Presidents have used inaugural

addresses to make some of their most famous speeches, such as JFK’s “ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”

Section III: The CabinetSection III: The CabinetI: The Selection of the CabinetA. What factors must the president

consider?1. Candidates’ ______________2. “balancing” the cabinet ______________3. __________________groups4. ________,________ and

_________consideration(always think ahead to the next election)5. Leaders in their fields

I: The Selection of the CabinetA. What factors must the president

consider?1. Candidates’ ______________2. “balancing” the cabinet ______________3. __________________groups4. ________,________ and

_________consideration(always think ahead to the next election)5. Leaders in their fields

Nominations and ConfirmationsNominations and ConfirmationsThe president will draw up a list of

candidates for positions in consultation with advisers and political leaders __________________--(especially with regard to Supreme Court nominations)

The president will often “_________” names _____________ to get reaction

The __________ must approve presidential appointments, so it holds ______________ hearings.

The president will draw up a list of candidates for positions in consultation with advisers and political leaders __________________--(especially with regard to Supreme Court nominations)

The president will often “_________” names _____________ to get reaction

The __________ must approve presidential appointments, so it holds ______________ hearings.

II: The Role of the CabinetII: The Role of the CabinetA. Cabinet members are heads of the

__________ departments.George Washington set the precedent of

having a cabinet; it is not set forth by the Constitution.

The original cabinet positions were Secretary of ________, Secretary of ____________, and the __________________________.

A. Cabinet members are heads of the __________ departments.

George Washington set the precedent of having a cabinet; it is not set forth by the Constitution.

The original cabinet positions were Secretary of ________, Secretary of ____________, and the __________________________.

Today, there are ______ cabinet level positions. . .Today, there are ______ cabinet level positions. . .

Dept. of State (453)Dept. of Defense (601)Dept. of Treasury (204)Dept. of Justice (459)Dept. of the Interior (228)Dept. of Agriculture (412)Dept. of Commerce (221)Dept. of LaborDept. of Health and Human

Services (333)

Dept. of State (453)Dept. of Defense (601)Dept. of Treasury (204)Dept. of Justice (459)Dept. of the Interior (228)Dept. of Agriculture (412)Dept. of Commerce (221)Dept. of LaborDept. of Health and Human

Services (333)

Dept. of Housing & Urban Development (142)

Dept. of Transportation (248)

Dept. of Energy (441)

Dept. of Education (205)

Dept. of Veterans’ Affairs (319)

Dept. of Homeland Security

Dept. of Housing & Urban Development (142)

Dept. of Transportation (248)

Dept. of Energy (441)

Dept. of Education (205)

Dept. of Veterans’ Affairs (319)

Dept. of Homeland Security

Role of the Cabinet continuedRole of the Cabinet continuedEach president decides how much

responsibility to give the cabinetModern presidents generally look more

to White House staff and close friends as their advisors.

The “___________” is made up of the secretaries of state, defense and the treasury plus the attorney general. Their opinions usually carry more weight and they have more direct contact with the President.

Each president decides how much responsibility to give the cabinet

Modern presidents generally look more to White House staff and close friends as their advisors.

The “___________” is made up of the secretaries of state, defense and the treasury plus the attorney general. Their opinions usually carry more weight and they have more direct contact with the President.

What limits the role of the cabinet?What limits the role of the cabinet?______________--they may be more loyal to the

agency or their constituency than to the president.

Cabinet members face pressures from _____________ and the ____________ that the president doesn’t have.

It’s hard to maintain secrecy among such a large group (15), so the president may be hesitant.

The president may not know the secretaries well even though s/he appointed them because of all the factors that go into making appointments.

______________--they may be more loyal to the agency or their constituency than to the president.

Cabinet members face pressures from _____________ and the ____________ that the president doesn’t have.

It’s hard to maintain secrecy among such a large group (15), so the president may be hesitant.

The president may not know the secretaries well even though s/he appointed them because of all the factors that go into making appointments.

Section 4: The Executive OfficeSection 4: The Executive Office A. The EOP was created by _________ in

_________. B. The EOP has grown because

Presidents add _____________ as problems arise Presidents rely on experts to advise them Congress may create __________ that require

agencies to administer themC. The Office of _________ and _______(OMB) is

the largest part of the EOP. The OMB writes the budget proposal that the President gives to Congress every year.

A. The EOP was created by _________ in _________.

B. The EOP has grown because Presidents add _____________ as problems arise Presidents rely on experts to advise them Congress may create __________ that require

agencies to administer themC. The Office of _________ and _______(OMB) is

the largest part of the EOP. The OMB writes the budget proposal that the President gives to Congress every year.

Executive Office Agencies continuedExecutive Office Agencies continuedThe National ________ Council is part

of the EOP. It focuses on military and foreign policy issues.

The Council of __________ Advisors helps the president develop monetary policy and make economic decisions.

The president can add or eliminate agencies to the EOP.

The National ________ Council is part of the EOP. It focuses on military and foreign policy issues.

The Council of __________ Advisors helps the president develop monetary policy and make economic decisions.

The president can add or eliminate agencies to the EOP.

The White House OfficeThe White House OfficeThe president’s appointments to the White House

Office __________have to be approved by the Senate.The White House Office has become the most

important part of the EOP.The duties of the White House Office staff include:

Gathering _________ and providing _______ on key issuesEnsuring that executive departments and agencies carry out

key directives from the president.Presenting the president’s views to the publicDeciding who and what information gets through to the

president.

The president’s appointments to the White House Office __________have to be approved by the Senate.

The White House Office has become the most important part of the EOP.

The duties of the White House Office staff include:Gathering _________ and providing _______ on key issuesEnsuring that executive departments and agencies carry out

key directives from the president.Presenting the president’s views to the publicDeciding who and what information gets through to the

president.