OLR(1980)27(I) il

80: 68 Roberts, G. O., 1979. Fast viscous l k ~ r d con-

vectioa. Geophys. astrophys. Fluid Dynam., 12(3/4): 235-272.

A previous method (Roberts, 1977) for treating steady two-dimensional convection in the asymptotic limit of large Rayleigh number (R) is applied to cellular convection between isothermal horizontal planes. The dimensionless heat flux, or Nusselt number, is expressed as N ~ bR "~, as R approaches infinity. The constant b is a function of cell geometry; c is 1/3 for free surfaces and 1/5 for fixed surfaces. Ocean Sciences Division, Science Applications, Inc., McLean, Va., U.S.A. (rio)

8 0 : 6 9 Smith, F. T., 1979. On the non-parallel flow stability

of the Blasius boundary layer. Proc. R. Soc., Load., (A)366(1724): 91-109.

For the large Reynolds number case with small fixed- frequency disturbances, the effects of boundary layer growth on the flow stability are investigated. Results indicate a greater influence by non-parallel flow than has been previously reported, and lead to a closer fit with empirical observations. Mathematics Depart- ment, Imperial College, London SW7 2BZ, U.K. (rio)

8 0 : 7 0 Wygnanski, 1., J. H. Haritonidis and R. E. Kaplan,

1979. On a Tollmien-Sehlichtiag wave packet produced by a turbulent spot. J. Fluid Mech.. 92(3): 505-528.

A pair of oblique wave packets, with frequency and wave speed characteristics in agreement with those of Tollmien-Schlichting waves, was produced by the passage of an isolated turbulent spot in a laminar boundary layer; the packets represent an important element in the final transition to turbulence. School of

Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel. (izs)

19. Books, collations (general)

80: 71 Pickard, G. L., J. R. Donguy, C. Henin, F. Rougerie,

1977. A review of the physical oceanography of the Great Barrier Reef and western Coral Sea. Aust. Inst. mar. Sci. Monogr. Ser., 2:135 pp.

Physical oceanographic data for the Great Barrier Reef and the western Coral Sea are reviewed separately. The former is described in terms of topography, climate, tidal observations, water properties and currents. The latter is characterized according to circulation patterns, water masses, climate and topography. Includes a glossary, ca. 170 references and an appendix on units and conversion factors. Institute of Oceanography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. (rio)

20. Miscellaneous

80: 72 Farmer, D. M. and H. E. Huppert, 1979. The ocean-

ography of Oords. Nature, Load., 280(5720): 273-274.

This report on the Fjord Oceanographic Workshop (held at the Institute of Ocean Sciences, Patricia Bay, B.C., 4-8 June 1979) highlights the proceedings on the physical, biological and chemical oceanography of fjords. Included are comprehensive studies of Knight Inlet in Canada: practical problems in enhancing mixing and inhibiting ice formation: and circulation studies in the Clyde Sea area fjord using radioactive pollutants from Windscale. Institute of Ocean Sciences, Patricia Bay, British Columbia. (smf)

B. CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

1. Apparatus and methods

80: 73 Ackermann, F., H. Bergmann and U. Schleichert,

1979. On the rdiability of trace metal analyses: results of intercomparison analyses of a river

sediment and an est-narine sediment. Z. analyt. Chem., 296(4): 270-276.

Results from over twenty laboratories are compared for analyses of a river sediment, reanalysis of the river sediment after release of the initial results, and then

12 B. Chemical Oceanography OLR( 1980)27( I )

an estuarine sediment. Laboratories using neutron activation methods were able to improve the accuracy of their analyses as a result of the initial intercomparison: this was not so for atomic absorption analyses. Accuracies expressed as twice the standard deviation of laboratory means were for both sediments + 20% to _+ 90% for atomic absorption and + 10% t o +50% for neutron activation. Bundesanstalt for UJew~isserkunde (Federal Institute of Hydrology), P.O. Box 309, D-5400 Koblenz, F.R.G. (djh)

8 0 : 7 4 Dressier, M., 1979. Extraction of trace amounts of

organic compounds from water with porous organ- ic polymers. Chromatog. Rev., 23(2): 167-206.

Porous organic polymers can be extremely efficient at extracting trace organic compounds from aqueous solution, with less distortion of the identities and relative amounts of compounds than can occur with activated carbon. Principles and sensitivity of the method, characteristics and applications of different polymers, and the quality requirements of material are discussed. Includes 115 references. Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 611 42 Brno, Czechoslovakia. (djh)

8 0 : 7 5 Gershey, R. M., M. D. Mackinnon, P. J. leB. Wil-

liams and R. M. Moore, 1979. Comparison of three oxidation methods used for the analysis of the dissolved organic carbon in seawater. Mar. Chem., 7(4): 289-306.

Persulphate oxidation, high-temperature combustion, and ultraviolet photo-oxidation methods were used to determine dissolved organic carbon in the 0.6-1.6 mg C L ~ ~ range. The latter two methods differed by less than 5%, whereas the former gave values that were 15% lower. Relative merits of each method are reviewed. Department of Oceanographv, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. B3H 4Jl, Canada. (rio)

8 0 : 7 6 Glickstein, Nell, 1979. The potential loss of dissolved

mercury and selenium in marine experimentation. Mar. Pollut. Bull.. 10(6): p. 157.

Radioisotope tracers are used to determine the concentrations of mercury and selenium dissolved in seawater during experimental procedures. Hg is shown to be subject to continuous volatilization and surface adsorption. Dissolved nannogram quantities of selenium exhibit a similar pattern after 40 h, but microgram concentrations are stable throughout the 90 h measurement. Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, Calif., U.S.A.

8 0 : 7 7 Hanson, R. B. and James Snyder, 1979. Enzymatic

determination of glucose in marine environments: improvement and note of caution. Mar Chem., 7(4): 353-362.

Microheterotrophic glucose uptake kinetics and velocities indicate that previously published enzymatic techniques may have overestimated glucose concentrations by 50%. To avoid this error glucose must be separated from other carbohydrates prior to the glucose assay. A glucose oxidase treatment is discussed. Skidawav Institute of Oceanography, Savannah, Ga. 31406, U.S.A. (rio)

80: 78 Lusby, W. R. and K. R. Hill, 1979. Detection of mirex

in the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 22(4/5): 567-569.

Mirex as an environmental contaminant has borne increasing scrutiny but its detection is hindered because of its co-elution with a major PCB component in gas-liquid chromatography. A method is presented bv which mirex is selectively dehalogenated with chromous chloride vielding a mirex product which elutes separately from all PCB's. U.S. Department of Agriculture Science Education Administration, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Md. 20705, U.S.A. (bwt)

2. Surveys (data reports, area studies)

80: 79 Ljutsarev, S. V., S. D. Mirkina, E. A. Romanke-

rich and A. V. Smetankin, 1977. Dissolved phos- phorus and organic carbon in the equatorial waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean. Pol. Archs Hvdrobiol., 24(Suppl.): 91-97.

Vertical distributions of organic carbon and organic phosphorus in the upper water column are explained in terms of hydrological and biological processes. Dissolved organic carbon concentrations in deep waters are about 0.8 ug C k 1 nearly half the value of comparable measurements in the western Pacific Ocean. Deep water movements from Antarctica are suggested as a major influence on these concentrations. Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences USSR, Krasikova 23, Moscow 117218, U.S.S.R.

8 0 : 8 0 Matthaus, Wolfgang. 1978. Zur mittleren iahres-

zeitlichen Ver/inderlichkeit im Sauerstoffgehalt der offenen Ostsee. [Averageseasonal variability of oxygen content in the open Baltic.] Beitr. Meeresk.. 41 : 61-94.

OLR(1980)27(1 ) B. Chemical Oceanography 13

Observational data collected from 1900-1973 are used to determine the variabilitv of oxygen content as a function of depth in the Baltic. Mean seasonal variability and correlations between oxygen distributions and mean temperature values are discussed. Institut ffir Meereskunde der AdW der DDR, DDR-253 Warnemfinde, Seestr. 15, D.R.G. (flu)

4. Physical chemistry in sea water

80: 81 Elgquist, Bengt and Margareta Wedborg, 1979.

Stability of the calcium sulphate ion pair at the ionic strength of seawater by potentiometry. Mar. Chem., 7(4): 273-280.

Use of a PVC-matrix liquid membrane electrode selective to calcium made it possible to improve on previous measurements of CaSO4 ion pair stability (Kester and Pytkowicz, 1969). Differences in solubility were found between perchlorate and chloride media, and are explained by the existence of a CaC1 + ion pair. G6teborgs Analyslaboratorium AB. Formskfiraregatan 9, S-412 61 G6teborg, Sweden. (djh)

8 0 : 8 2 Robinson, R. A. and R. G. Bates, 1979. Single-ion

activities in aqueous solutions analogous to sea- water. Mar. Chem., 7(4): 281-288.

Following earlier work (Robinson and Bates, 1978), based on hydration numbers for individual ionic species, equations are derived for single-ion activity coefficients in aqueous solutions of MX + M._,Y + NXe + PX2. Activity coefficients are calculated, and values are recommended for use in calculations involving seawater. Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla. 32611, U.S.A. (dih)

6. Dissolved leases

80: 83 Naqvi, S. W. A., S. N. De Souza, S. P. Fondekar

and C. V. G. Reddy, 1979. Distribution of dis- solved oxygen in the western Bay of Bengal. Mahasagar, 12( I ): 25-34.

Data are reported for the period of the south-west monsoon (August-September, 1976), and are discussed in relation to the hydrology of the area. National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula-403 004, Goa, India. (djh)

7. Organic compounds

8 0 : 8 4 Baturina, M. V., S. V. Liutsarev and E. A. Roman-

kevich, 1977. Fractionating by ultrafiltration of the organic matter of marine water. Pol. Archs Hvdrohiol., 24(Suppl.): 99-102.

Molecular weight fractionation of dissolved organic matter from surface and deep waters is carried out in the eastern equatorial Pacific bv ultrafiltration. The relative content of high molecular (10,000) fractions decreases with depth while the content of medium fractions (1000-10,000) increases. Fifty percent of the dissolved matter is contained in the fraction with a molecular weight of 1000. Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences USSR, Krasikova 23, Moscow 117218, U.S.S.R.

80: 85 Karabashev, G. S. and A. N. Solovyev, 1977. The

vertical distribution of fluorescing dissolved or- ganic matter in active layers of the ocean. Pol. A rchs Hvdrobiol.. 24(Suppl.): 115-121.

Fluorescence profiles were measured in the equatorial and Peruvian upwelling areas of the Pacific Ocean. The pattern is related to productivity of the water. The profile shape can be described bv a logistic function with a one-dimensional parameter which depends on the rates of decomposition of particulate matter, precipitation of particles and of vertical water advection. Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences USSR, Atlantic Branch, pr. mira 1, Kaliningrad 236000, U.S.S.R. (dih)

80: 86 Koblentz-Mishke, O. J. and M. A. Semenova, 1977.

Phytoplankton pigments in the mesotrophic and eutrophic regions of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Pol. Archs Hvdrobiol., 24(Suppl.): 173-183.

Pigment concentrations were higher in the eutrophic Peruvian coastal waters than in the mesotrophic equatorial waters, and decreased along the Equator in the westward direction. The diurnal variation of the average chlorophyll content and the relative abundances of individual carotenoids were determined. Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences, Krasikova 23, Moscow 117218. U.S.S.R. (rio)

9. Nutrients

8 0 : 8 7 Sapozhnikov, V. V., 1977. Transformation of nitrogen

compounds in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Pol. A rchs Hvdrobiol., 24(Suppl.): 79-84.

14 B. Chemical Oceanography OLR(1980)27(1)

Nitrate, nitrite, ammonia and total nitrogen were measured and organically bound nitrogen estimated for a transect from 97 ° to 155"W. The surface layer is characterized bv high nitrite concentrations. The distribution of nitrogen species is discussed with respect to production and decomposition of biological matter and the hydrology of the area. Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 117234, U.S.S.R. (djh)

80: 88 Sapozhnikov, V. V., 1977. Genetic components in the

vertical distribution of phosphorus. Pol. A rchs Hydrobiol., 24(Suppl.): 85-90.

Following the procedures of Redfield (1942) and Sapozhnikov (1971) the sources and sinks determining the distribution of phosphates along the equator between 97 ° and 155°W are separated into phosphate physically advected into the region from deep water, phosphate consumed in photosynthesis and phosphate regenerated by oxidation of organic matter. Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Leninskie Gory, Moscow i 17234, U.S.S.R. (djh)

12. Radioactivity, radioisotopes, etc. 8 0 : 8 9

Jusserand, C., D. Gouleau and J.-Ch. Fontes, 1979. Comportement isotopique des vases littorales a 1'rvaporation. [Isotopic behavior of interstitial waters from coastal muds durinR evaporation.] Oceanol. Acta, 2(3): 349-354.

An enrichment in the heavy isotope composition of the brine occurs as evaporation proceeds. The enrichment appears to depend on a simple process of exchange with atmospheric vapor. Laboratoire de G~ologie Dynamique, Universit6 Paris-Vl, 75230 Paris Cedex 05, France. (djh)

13. G e o c h e m i s t r y a n d b i o g e o c h e m i s t r y (see also under Submarine Geology and Geo- physics)

9 0 : 9 0 Fairbanks, R. G. and R. E. Dodge, 1979. Annual

periodicity of the ~sO/~SO and '3C]'2C ratios in the coral Montastrea annnlaris. Geochim. cosmochim. Acta, 43(7): 1009-1020.

lsopotic studies on M. annularis from Bermuda, Jamaica and Barbados show an annual periodicity of ~sC/12C variations consistent with local insolation records. The scleractinian accurately records seasonal temperature variations via the temperature-dependent oxygen isotope fractionation factor for the aragonite-

water system. Lamont-Doherty Geological Observa- tory, Palisades, N.Y. 10964, U.S.A. (izs)

8 0 : 9 1 Froelich, P. N. et al., 1979. Early oxidation of organic

matter in pelagic sediments of the eastern equa- torial Atlantic: suboxic diagenesis. Geochim. cosmochim. Acta, 43(7): 1075-1090.

-Profiles of total-CO2, pH, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, sulfide and dissolved iron and manganese show that the oi'der of oxidant consumption is related to the energy production per mole of organic carbon oxidized. The profiles help in understanding chemical oxidation processes and the fates of nutrients, gases and metals involved in organic diagenesis. Department of Oceanography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Fla. 32306, U.S.A. (rio)

8 0 : 9 2 Jorgensen, N. O. G., 1979. Annual variation of dis-

solved free primary amines in estuarinc water and sediment. Oecoiogia, 40(2): 207-217.

The concentration of dissolved free primary amines in the water varied from 1.8 ~M in winter to 26.5 , M in summer, and in the sediment from 16 to 56 ,M. Maximum summer concentrations occurred in the redox discontinuity layer and were correlated with the macrophvtal biomass maximum. Amino acids contributed about 80% of the fluorescamine positive material; origins and distributions were considered. Institute of Ecology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. (rio)

80: 93 Li, Yuan-Hui and Lui-Heung Chan, 1979. Dcso~tion

of Ba and 226Ra from river-bornc sediments is the Hudson Estuary. Earth planet. Sci. Letts, 43(3): 343-350.

Riverine inputs of dissolved Ba and 22SRa to the ocean are respectively doubled and increased nine-fold by estuarine desorption, in the Hudson, the desorption fluxes estimated from a simple mass balance model are consistent with estimates based on the distribution coefficients, exchangeable Ba and 22SRa on particles, and the total suspended particle flux. Lamont- Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, N.Y. 10964, U.S.A. (djh)

80: 94 Loring, D. H., 1979. Geochemistry of.cobalt, nickel,

chromium, and vanadium in the sediments of the estuary and open Gulf of St. Lawrence. Can. J. Earth Sci., 16(6): 1196-1209.

Total and bioavailable metals, organic content and mineral composition were measured in 199 samples.

OLR(1980)27( 1 ) B. Chemical Oceanography 15

Correlation matrices were used to clarify relationships between distributions of Co, Ni, Cr and V and textural and chemical characteristics of the sediment. Scavenging of Ni, Cr and V into the fine fraction occurs in the upper estuary. Sediment is contaminated with anthropogenic V in the Saguenay Fiord. Marine Ecology Laboratory, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, N.S., Canada B2Y 4A2. (dih)

The effectiveness of the standard elutriate method in predicting pollutant releases from dredging operations is evaluated. The method is found to have predictive value for chemical oxvgen demand, chromium, phenol and cadmium: it is less effective for total Kieldahl nitrogen, arsenic, nickel and zinc: and it is ineffective in the case of lead, mercurv and copper. U.S. Army Engineer District Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, La., U.S.A. (rio)

8 0 : 9 5 Wakeham, S. G., Christian Schaffner, Walter Giger,

J. J. Boon and J. W. De Leeuw, 1979. Perylene in sediments from the Namibian Shelf. Geochim. cosmochim. Acta, 43(7): 1141-1144.

Abundant quantities of perylene were the only type of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cores from two sites. Concentrations increased with sediment depth and ranged from 170- 820 ng/g (dry weight). The question of whether the perylene was derived from terrigenous or aquatic precursors was discussed. Chemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass. 02543, U.S.A. (rio)

15. Corrosion

80: 96 Anon, 1979. Cathodic protection. Offshore, 39(8):

130-132.

The most advanced methods of battling corrosion are tested in the North Sea. The pros and cons of several systems are noted.

17. Pollution (see also under Biological Oceanography and General)

80: 97 Crouzet, Philippe and Paul Boissard, 1978. Rejets

polluants de Saint-Malo et Dinard dans I'estuaire de la Rance. ]Pollution of the La Ranee Estuary by effluent from Saint-Malo and Dinurd, France.] Houille blanche, 1978(7/8): 561-567.

Aerial detection of colored tracers and thermographic patterns provide survey data on outfall operations and hydrodynamic conditions in the estuary. The advantages of these survey methods are discussed. Agence de Bassin 'Loire-Bretagne,' France. (rio)

80: 98 Grimwood, Charles and T. J. McGhee, 1979. Predic-

tion of pollutant release resulting from dredging. J. Wat. Pollut. Control Fed.. 51 (7): 18 i 1 - 1815.

80: 99 Horn, E. G. et al., 1979. [Hudson River PCB prob-

lem.] Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 320: 591-650; 3 papers.

In level and scope, PCB contamination of the Hudson River Basin exceeds that of any other U.S. site identified to date. Three papers consider various aspects of the area's PCB problem including biotic accumulation, abiotic transport, sediment concentra- tions and management alternatives. (izs)

80:100 Hurtt, A. C. and J. G. Quinn, 1979. Distribution of

hydrocarbons in Narragansett Bay sediment cores. Environ. Sci. Technol.. 13(7): 829-836.

The distribution of sedimentary hydrocarbons in Narragansett Bay is discussed along with the presentation of data resulting from the analysis of twenty cores. Generally there was a decrease in hydrocarbon concentration along a transect from the Providence River to the mouth of the bay and also with depth in the sediment. Results indicate that the major source of anthropogenic hydrocarbons is through the Providence River and tidal transport of suspended material distributes these compounds throughout the estuary. Quinn: Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, R.I. 02881, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:101 John, E. D., Michael Cooke and Graham Nickless,

1979. Polyeyelic aromatic hydrocarbon in sedi- ments taken from the Severn Estuary drainage system ]southwest England]. Bull Environ. Con- tamin. Toxicol.. 22(4/5): 653-659.

Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) present in sediments of the River Taft and the River Severn Estuary are surveyed; all nine PAWs are ubiquitous and concentration levels seem highest in areas of recent coal mining activity. Transport of these contaminants through the estuarine system will probably follow the pattern of the sedimentary material to which they are bound. Input of PAH's to the environment via erosion and mining activity may be significant and should not be excluded from consideration. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, The University, Cantocks Close, Bristol, BS8 ITS, Great Britain. (bwt)

16 B. Chemical Oceanography OLR( 1980)27(I )

80:102 Pavlou, S. P. and W. Hom, 1979. PCB removal from

the Duwamish River Estuary [Washington]: implications to the management alternative for the Hudson River PCB cleanup. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 320: 651-671.

The dredging and disposal of highly contaminated sediments from the Duwamish River are presented as a test case for comparison to the Hudson River problem. A point-source spill of Arochlor 1242 is discussed and the results are extrapolated to the more general problem in the Upper Hudson Basin. It is suggested that current technology allows for dredging and proper disposal of contaminated spoils to minimize long-term hazard to the ecosystem. Aquatic Ecosystems Program, URS Company, Seattle, Wash. 98121, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:103 Shaw, D. G. and G. A. Mapes, 1979. Surface circula-

tion and the distribution of pelagic tar and plastic. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 10(6): 160-162.

Pelagic tar and plastic have been measured along 158°W in the North Pacific. Maxima in the abundance of tar are associated with convergent mesoscale and small-scale surface circulation features. There is no significant correlation between the abundance of tar and that of plastic. The difference is the result of different input patterns or residence times. Institute of Marine Science, Universitv of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska 99701, U.S.A.

80:104 Stainken, Dennis and Uwe Frank, 1979. Analysis of

Raritan Bay [New Jersey] bottom waters for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 22(4/5): 480-487.

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) con- centrations and types in bottom waters of lower New York Bay and Raritan Bay are surveyed using synchronous excitation fluorescence spectroscopy. Advantages of this method include enhanced spectral resolution allowing for characterization of aromatic content with respect to number of ring systems. It is suggested that sewage and ship traffic are major sources of PAH. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory-CI, Edison, N.J. 08817, U.S.A. (bwt)

8 0 : 1 0 5 Tiravanti, Giovanni and Gianfranco Boari, 1979.

Potential pollution of a marine environment by lead alkyls: the Cavtat incident. Environ. Sci. Technol., 13(7): 849-854.

The sinking of the cargo ship Cavtat and the subsequent loss of almost 23 tons of lead alkyl

antiknock compounds in the Adriatic Sea precipitated an investigation of the pollution potential of these chemicals in the marine environment. A diffusion/convection transport model allowing for the calculation of a hypothetical concentration distribution in the wreck area was verified by analyses of seawater, sediment and biological samples. The potential for environmental damage is generally discussed and the apparent minimal effects of this specific spill are described. Includes an appendix: Lead alkvl properties, lstituto di Ricerca sulle Acque, CNR, Via F. De Blasio, Bari, Italy. (bwt)

80:106 Zsolnay, Adam, 1979. Hydrocarbons in the Mediter-

ranean Sea, 1974-1975. Mar. Chem., 7(4): 343-352.

Petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations averaged from 6.9 to 25.8 ug L ~ at depths of about 1 m during the winter of 1974-1975. Highest concentrations were found in the Alboran Sea and off Libya. Semi- qualitatively identified biologically derived hy- drocarbons were widely observed at concentrations of 0.8 to 22.8 ug L ~. Duke University Marine Laboratory, Pivers Island, Beaufort, N.C. 28516, U.S.A. (rio)

18. Particulate matter

80:107 Fischer, J. K., 1977. Distribution of suspended parti-

cles in the equatorial region of the eastern Pacific Ocean. Pol. Archs Hvdrobiol., 24(Suppl.): 103-108. Department of Ecological Bio- energetics, Institute of Ecology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-150 Lomianki, Dziekan6w Leg- ny, Poland.

80:108 Fischer, J. K. and G. S. Karabashev, 1977. A compar-

ison of the size distribution of suspended particles and their optical properties. Pol. A rchs Hydro- biol., 24(Suppl.): 109-113.

It is shown that analysis of the common variability of light scattering, luminescence of phytoplankton pigments, and size distribution of particulate matter provides valuable information on the content and qualitative composition of biogenic detritus in the ocean. Institute of Ecology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Dziekan6w Le~ny, 05-150, Lomianki, Poland.

80:109 Garfield, P. C., T. T. Packard and L. A. Codispoti,

1979. Particulate protein in the Peru upwelling system. Deep-Sea Res., 26(6A): 623-639.

OLR(1980)27(I ) 17

High particulate protein and correspondingly high rates of biological utilization occur in the upper layers, and probably contribute to the formation of an oxygen minimum and nitrate maximum. A sinking rate of I to 5 m day ~ was estimated beween 75 and 1000 m. Below 1000 m particulate protein is sufficient to support observed electron transport svstem- respiration rates. Bigelow Laboratorv for Ocean Sciences, West Boothbay Harbor, Maine 04575, U.S.A. (djh)

80:110 Pierce, J. W. and F. R. Siegel, 1979. Particulate

material suspended in estuarine and oceanic waters. Scanning Electron Microsc., 1979(1): 555-562.

Examination of several hundred SEM micrographs of suspensates filtered from water samples indicates that a major part of the mass of suspended particulates occurs in multi-component aggregates, although single grains and aggregates occur in about equal numbers. Aggregates consist of terrigenous mineral grains, soft organic matter, biogenic debris, amorphous mineraloids and phvtoplankton. Aggregates and single grains appear to be transported contemporaneously. This mineral-organic association creates a micro-environment that may exert a large influence on the chemistry of surrounding waters. Includes 6 micrographs. Division of Sedimentology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. (bwt)

80: I I ! Smetacek, V. and P. Hendrikson, 1979. Composition

of particulate organic matter in Kiel Bight in rela- tion to phytoplankton succession. Oceanol. Acta. 2(3): 287-298.

The chemical composition (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, pigments) of phytoplankton was influenced by physiological state (determined bY nutrient resources) rather than by species composition. Most particulate organic carbon was detrital in the winter. The gross chemical composition of detritus and phytoplankton was similar. Institut fiir Meereskunde an der Universitfit Kiel, Kiel, F.R.G. (mjj)

80:112 Sugihara, Shigehiko and Ryohei Tsuda, 1979. Size

distribution of suspended particles in the surface water of the central North Pacific Ocean. Scient. Pap. Inst. phys. chem. Res., Tokyo, 73(1): 1-8.

A Coulter Counter was used to assess the size distribution of suspended particles in surface water of the central North Pacific Ocean. The distribution of particles is discussed and the amount of each size fraction relative to the total particulate volume was calculated. Results indicate that the size fraction less than 2.4 um is a quantitatively important one, Oceanographic Instrumentation Laboratory II, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako- shi, Saitama, Japan. (bwt)

20. Miscellaneous 80:113

Brooks, J. M., T. J. Bright, B. B. Bernard and C. R. Schwab, 1979. Chemical aspects of a brine pool at the East Flower Garden Bank, northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Limnol. Oceanogr., 24(4): 735-745.

The flux of brine in and out of the pool contributes to erosional processes on the bank. The pool is anoxic and hypersaline. Ionic composition is similar to that of the Orca Basin brine, but the gaseous hydrocarbon and carbon isotope contents indicate different modes of origin. Bacterial activity is much higher than in the Orca Basin. Figures include 4 bottom photos. Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Tex. 77843, U.S.A. (djh)

80:114 Miller, G. C. and R. G. Zepp, 1979. Photoreactivity

of aquatic pollutants sorbed on suspended sedi- ments. Environ. Sci. Technol., 13(7): 860-863.

A technique is described that can be used to ascertain the photoreactivity of chemicals sorbed on particu- lates suspended in water. Sorption influence on photo- reactivity is disentangled from the effects of light attenuation and scattering by the sorbent. Zepp: En- vironmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environ- mental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. 30605, U.S.A.

C. SUBMARINE GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

1. Apparatus and methods 8 0 : 1 1 5

Gregori, G. P. and L. J. Lanzerotti, 1979. Geomag- netic depth sounding by means of oceanographic and aeromagnetic surveys. Proc. IEEE, 67(7): 1029-1034.

Ordinarily, airborne or shipborne magnetic surveys have been designed to filter out time-varying conductivity anomalies in order to describe, from field intensity, the time-constant geomagnetic anomaly pattern. And, ordinarily, geomagnetic depth sounding, which is concerned only with the