CHEMICAL TRACERS, INC.

Single Well ChemicalTracer Testing Services

Single 5-Spot, (or More) Pattern

Lab Core Flood Evaluation

• 3-6 Months Work• Scale; PV < 250 milliliters (0.001 bbls)• Cost ~ $200K• Justification: Essential Screening Step

• 3-5 Years Work• Scale; PV ~ 500,000 bbls• Cost ~ $10MM-$20MM• Justification: Oil in Tank

In-Situ TestReduce Further Risk

• 5-15 Years Work• Scale; PV ~ 10MM to >100MM bbls• Risk ~ $100MM-$400MM• Justification: Additional OOIP Recovery

TYPICAL EOR IMPLEMENTATION APPROACH

Field Wide or Expanded Flood Pattern

Single 5-Spot, (or More) Pattern

Lab Core Flood Evaluation

• 3-6 Months Work• Scale; PV < 250 milliliters (0.001 bbls)• Cost ~ $200K• Justification: Essential Screening Step

• One Month of Work• Scale; PV ~ 1,000 bbls• Cost ~ $150-200K• Justification: Establish EOR Target Oil

EOR Injectivity TestIn-Situ DemonstrationReduce Further Risk

BETTER EOR IMPLEMENTATION APPROACH

Field Wide or Expanded Flood Pattern

20-feet

H

Porosity = 0.25

Oil

EO

R S

LU

G

SWCT One-Spot-Pilot

Sw

Sor

Single Well Chemical Tracer TestFor

Residual Oil Saturation β Measurement

Sw

Sor

Step 1Ester Injection

Sw

Sor

Step 2Ester Push

Sw

Sor

Step 3Shut-In (Reaction) Period

EtAc + H2O EtOH + HAc

Sw

Sor

Step 4Production Period

Sw

Sor

Step 4Production Period

(Continued)

Sw

Sor

Step 4Production Period

(Continued)

00

Un-reactedEsterTracer

Volume Produced (bbls)

Product AlcoholTracer

Single Well Chemical Tracer Test Production Profile

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

0 500 1000 1500 20000

50

100

150

200

250

300C

once

ntra

tion

Trac

ers

(ppm

)

Con

cent

ratio

n Tr

acer

s (p

pm)

Qbß=

Qa

(1-Sor)Ki Sor

Ki= Ci(oil)/Ci(water)

Sor =

QaQb

= 1+ ß

(ß+ Ki)ß

Volume Produced (bbls)

Sor = Zero Case

ProductAlcoholTracer

Un-reactedEsterTracer

Con

cent

ratio

n Tr

acer

s (p

pm)

Con

cent

ratio

n Tr

acer

s (p

pm)

Volume Produced (bbls)

Sor = 0.10 Case(K= 5.0)

ProductAlcoholTracer

Un-reactedEsterTracer

Con

cent

ratio

n Tr

acer

s (p

pm)

Con

cent

ratio

n Tr

acer

s (p

pm)

Volume Produced (bbls)

Sor = 0.30 Case(K= 5.0)

ProductAlcoholTracer

Un-reactedEsterTracer

Con

cent

ratio

n Tr

acer

s (p

pm)

Con

cent

ratio

n Tr

acer

s (p

pm)

One-Spot EOR Pilot

Local EORFlood

Push Water

Pore Volume (PV)Calculation Basis

PV=πr2hΦ

Example: PV = (3.14)·(20 ft)2·(14.9 ft)·(0.30) = 5,614 ft3·0.1781 bbls/ft3 = 1,000 bblsπ r2 h Φ

h

r = 20 ft

Φ (porosity)

SWCT One-Spot Pilots Have Successfully Evaluated:

• ASP (12)

• Lignin-Surfactant-Polymer (2)

• Surfactant-Polymer (9)

• Lo-Sal Water Flood (62)

• Miscible Hydrocarbon / WAG (5)

• Carbon Dioxide (6)

Recent Field Projects Carried out by Chemical Tracers, Inc.

Results of 6 One-Spot-Pilot CO2 Flood Studies

Sor Results from Permian SOZ Zone