China 2.1Beijing

8/7/2019 China 2.1Beijing

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ChinaChinaBeijingBeijing


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KeyKey

RedRed--Term to define and rememberTerm to define and remember

YellowYellow--Place to locate and rememberPlace to locate and remember

Bright GreenBright Green--Agricultural product (crop),Agricultural product (crop),resource or another thing to locate andresource or another thing to locate and

rememberremember

White andWhite and HuangHuang -- NarrationNarration toto helphelpunderstandingunderstanding


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The Great WallThe Great Wall


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The Great Wall was built offThe Great Wall was built off

and on fromand on from ZhouZhou Dynasty toDynasty to

thethe MingMing Dynasty. . .Dynasty. . .

. . . but. . . butmostlymostly

during theduring the

QinQin andandMingMing

Dynasties.Dynasties.


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These mountains formed a

natural defensive barrier to the

north of Beijing.


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The Chinese added

to the natural barrierwith the Great Wall.

UnrestoredUnrestored WallWall


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The Great Wall was

built over centuriesfrom the Zhou

Dynasty, completed

during the Qin, and

reached its presentextent in the Ming

dynasty.


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Today the wall functions primarily as a

tourist attraction*.

* At least at the 5 or 6 places where it has been restored.


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Since the Four

Modernizations of

the 1980s China

has embraced

tourism.(I climbed the Great Wall)


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Only the most

intrepid make it to

the top


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Notice how the

crowd thins as thesteps rise.


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The acme, pinnacle,

top!


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[You're not a real[You're not a realman if you haven'tman if you haven't

climbed the Greatclimbed the Great

Wall.(MaoWall.(MaoZedong)]Zedong)]


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Where a road

comes through the

wall, a fort was built.


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Rebuilt by the Chinese army to attract . . .You.


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Remember that theChinese claim to

have invented

gunpowder.


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The Great Wall: built toprotect the North from

invasion.

Here it attempted toprotect the capital

during the Ming era.


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TheThe Yuan, MingYuan, Ming andand QingQing Capital: TheCapital: The ImperialImperial

PalacePalace in thein the Forbidden CityForbidden City inin BeijingBeijing..

This the North entrance. Well go in the main, south entrance.


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570 Meters

Forbidden City

Imperial Palace

Note the rectangular

shape.


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Tiananmen (Gate of Heavenly Peace)


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Tiananmen is the

gateway to the

forbidden city.

You enter through aseries of narrow gates

each of which opens

into a large courtyard,multiplying the visitors

sense of awe.

Mao Zedong


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Meridian Gate


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Meridian GateMeridian Gate


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Taihedian (Hall of

Supreme Harmony)Throne Room


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Taihedian (Hall of

Supreme Harmony)


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Stairway


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Medallion on a door


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These iron pots held water

To put out fires.


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The north end of the Forbidden City isThe north end of the Forbidden City is

where the emperors family lived.where the emperors family lived.


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Imperial

Garden


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The Chinese love

limestone rockriddled with holes.

Theyre calledScholars Rocks or

Viewing Stones.


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"surfaces that

suggest great age,

forceful profiles thatevoke the grandeur

of nature,

overlapping layers or

planes that impartdepth, and hollows

or perforations that

create rhythmic,harmonious

patterns."

Mowry, Robert D, Worlds Within Worlds, The Richard RosenblumCollection of Chinese Scholars' Rocks, p. 21

Summer Palace


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The Young Pioneers (Chinas version ofScouts)


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Tourism in the

Imperial Palace


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Who are

thetourists?


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Fishing in the Imperial MoatFishing in the Imperial Moat


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Tour buses lined up

at the north gate.

J t


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Just

inside the

north

gate. .

L ki N h f h I i l P lL ki N h f h I i l P l


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Looking North from the Imperial PalaceLooking North from the Imperial Palace

Notice theNorth/South

Axis.

Al th N/S i


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Bell Tower

(c. 1420)

The huge bell was

rung to

tell time, and for

alarms

fire, invasion,

etc.

Also on the N/S axis

Al th th th i thi h d th


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Drum Tower

c. 1272

Also on the north south axis, this had the same

function.


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During theDuring the

Yuan Dynasty,Yuan Dynasty,

manymany

neighborhoodsneighborhoodslike this werelike this were

built in Beijing,built in Beijing,

byby the Mongolthe Mongol

rulers.rulers.

They are calledThey are calledhutongshutongs afterafter

the narrowthe narrow

alleyways thatalleyways thatinterconnectinterconnect

them.them.


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Like most traditional Chinese houses they wereLike most traditional Chinese houses they were

built in a square around a central courtyard.built in a square around a central courtyard.

From the InternetFrom the Internet


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Lets enter.Lets enter.


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TheThe

Lady ofLady of

thethe

HouseHouse

Breed??Breed??PekinPekinese, of courseese, of course

InterpreterInterpreter

Notice!Notice!

How is theHow is themap different?map different?


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The daughters bedroomThe daughters bedroom


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KitchenKitchen

Where theWhere the

meal wasmeal was

preparedprepared

Typical large group mealTypical large group meal


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Typical large group mealTypical large group meal

DumplingsDumplings

Spicy meat!Spicy meat!

KohlrabiKohlrabi

eggseggs

Beef andBeef andsnow peassnow peas

RiceRice

??

??

??

??

????

??

??


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Whats That?Whats That?


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Also in the Hutong, aAlso in the Hutong, aprinces palace.princes palace.


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Religious StructuresReligious Structures

Were mostly destroyed during the CulturalWere mostly destroyed during the CulturalRevolution (1966 through 1976)Revolution (1966 through 1976)

Some have been rebuilt to encourageSome have been rebuilt to encourage

tourismtourism TypesTypes

ChristianChristian

ConfucianConfucian TaoistTaoist

BuddhistBuddhist


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The Catholic ChurchThe Catholic Church


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Confucius (Kong Fu Tse)Confucius (Kong Fu Tse)

TempleTemple

Now the Beijing CapitalNow the Beijing Capital

MuseumMuseum

These are some of the 198 columns (stele) contain the names ofThese are some of the 198 columns (stele) contain the names of


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These are some of the 198 columns (stele) contain the names ofThese are some of the 198 columns (stele) contain the names of

51,624 men who passed the scholars exam during the Yuan, Ming51,624 men who passed the scholars exam during the Yuan, Ming

and Qing Dynasties. These forerunners of the ACT where givenand Qing Dynasties. These forerunners of the ACT where given

only once every 3 years and qualified one to be a scholar. Theyonly once every 3 years and qualified one to be a scholar. They

were based solely on the writings of Confucius and otherwere based solely on the writings of Confucius and other

philosophers.philosophers.

TaoistTaoist ShrineShrine


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TaoistTaoist ShrineShrine

Natures BeautyNatures Beauty


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Nature s BeautyNature s Beauty

is Esteemedis Esteemed


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To startTo start

isis

mostmost

important.important.

Note the similarity toNote the similarity to


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yy

other structures.other structures.

S l d l ithS l d l ith


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??

Sealed plaques with messagesSealed plaques with messages

(wishes?, prayers?) inside(wishes?, prayers?) inside


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Lama Temple (Buddhist)Lama Temple (Buddhist)


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Thanks to Sarah CooneyThanks to Sarah Cooney


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In the Buddhist Temple!In the Buddhist Temple!

Temple ofTemple of


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Temple ofTemple of

HeavenHeaven

Circles areCircles are

symbolic ofsymbolic ofHeaven.Heaven.

Rectangles areRectangles are

symbolic of Earth.symbolic of Earth.

Once a year the emperor would walk along theOnce a year the emperor would walk along the


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marble path. . .marble path. . .


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. . .through. . .through

thethe

SouthSouth

Gate . . .Gate . . .


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. . .stopping along the way to pray, fast, . . .. . .stopping along the way to pray, fast, . . .


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. . . Ascend the 3. . . Ascend the 3--tiered circular mound. . .tiered circular mound. . .

. . .stand on the center. . .stand on the center


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stone. . .stone. . .

Guess how many ringsGuess how many rings

of paving stonesof paving stones

surround the centersurround the center

stone!stone!

C l i ti iC l i ti i


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. . . Culminating in. . . Culminating in

the entrance tothe entrance to

the centralthe centralpagoda where. . .pagoda where. . .


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. . . He would pray and. . . He would pray and

offer sacrifices to ensure aoffer sacrifices to ensure a

good harvest.good harvest.


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