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ChinaChinaBeijingBeijing
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KeyKey
RedRed--Term to define and rememberTerm to define and remember
YellowYellow--Place to locate and rememberPlace to locate and remember
Bright GreenBright Green--Agricultural product (crop),Agricultural product (crop),resource or another thing to locate andresource or another thing to locate and
rememberremember
White andWhite and HuangHuang -- NarrationNarration toto helphelpunderstandingunderstanding
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The Great WallThe Great Wall
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The Great Wall was built offThe Great Wall was built off
and on fromand on from ZhouZhou Dynasty toDynasty to
thethe MingMing Dynasty. . .Dynasty. . .
. . . but. . . butmostlymostly
during theduring the
QinQin andandMingMing
Dynasties.Dynasties.
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These mountains formed a
natural defensive barrier to the
north of Beijing.
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The Chinese added
to the natural barrierwith the Great Wall.
UnrestoredUnrestored WallWall
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The Great Wall was
built over centuriesfrom the Zhou
Dynasty, completed
during the Qin, and
reached its presentextent in the Ming
dynasty.
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Today the wall functions primarily as a
tourist attraction*.
* At least at the 5 or 6 places where it has been restored.
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Since the Four
Modernizations of
the 1980s China
has embraced
tourism.(I climbed the Great Wall)
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Only the most
intrepid make it to
the top
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Notice how the
crowd thins as thesteps rise.
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The acme, pinnacle,
top!
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[You're not a real[You're not a realman if you haven'tman if you haven't
climbed the Greatclimbed the Great
Wall.(MaoWall.(MaoZedong)]Zedong)]
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Where a road
comes through the
wall, a fort was built.
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Rebuilt by the Chinese army to attract . . .You.
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Remember that theChinese claim to
have invented
gunpowder.
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The Great Wall: built toprotect the North from
invasion.
Here it attempted toprotect the capital
during the Ming era.
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TheThe Yuan, MingYuan, Ming andand QingQing Capital: TheCapital: The ImperialImperial
PalacePalace in thein the Forbidden CityForbidden City inin BeijingBeijing..
This the North entrance. Well go in the main, south entrance.
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570 Meters
Forbidden City
Imperial Palace
Note the rectangular
shape.
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Tiananmen (Gate of Heavenly Peace)
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Tiananmen is the
gateway to the
forbidden city.
You enter through aseries of narrow gates
each of which opens
into a large courtyard,multiplying the visitors
sense of awe.
Mao Zedong
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Meridian Gate
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Meridian GateMeridian Gate
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Taihedian (Hall of
Supreme Harmony)Throne Room
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Taihedian (Hall of
Supreme Harmony)
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Stairway
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Medallion on a door
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These iron pots held water
To put out fires.
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The north end of the Forbidden City isThe north end of the Forbidden City is
where the emperors family lived.where the emperors family lived.
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Imperial
Garden
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The Chinese love
limestone rockriddled with holes.
Theyre calledScholars Rocks or
Viewing Stones.
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"surfaces that
suggest great age,
forceful profiles thatevoke the grandeur
of nature,
overlapping layers or
planes that impartdepth, and hollows
or perforations that
create rhythmic,harmonious
patterns."
Mowry, Robert D, Worlds Within Worlds, The Richard RosenblumCollection of Chinese Scholars' Rocks, p. 21
Summer Palace
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The Young Pioneers (Chinas version ofScouts)
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Tourism in the
Imperial Palace
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Who are
thetourists?
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Fishing in the Imperial MoatFishing in the Imperial Moat
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Tour buses lined up
at the north gate.
J t
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Just
inside the
north
gate. .
L ki N h f h I i l P lL ki N h f h I i l P l
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Looking North from the Imperial PalaceLooking North from the Imperial Palace
Notice theNorth/South
Axis.
Al th N/S i
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Bell Tower
(c. 1420)
The huge bell was
rung to
tell time, and for
alarms
fire, invasion,
etc.
Also on the N/S axis
Al th th th i thi h d th
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Drum Tower
c. 1272
Also on the north south axis, this had the same
function.
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During theDuring the
Yuan Dynasty,Yuan Dynasty,
manymany
neighborhoodsneighborhoodslike this werelike this were
built in Beijing,built in Beijing,
byby the Mongolthe Mongol
rulers.rulers.
They are calledThey are calledhutongshutongs afterafter
the narrowthe narrow
alleyways thatalleyways thatinterconnectinterconnect
them.them.
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Like most traditional Chinese houses they wereLike most traditional Chinese houses they were
built in a square around a central courtyard.built in a square around a central courtyard.
From the InternetFrom the Internet
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Lets enter.Lets enter.
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TheThe
Lady ofLady of
thethe
HouseHouse
Breed??Breed??PekinPekinese, of courseese, of course
InterpreterInterpreter
Notice!Notice!
How is theHow is themap different?map different?
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The daughters bedroomThe daughters bedroom
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KitchenKitchen
Where theWhere the
meal wasmeal was
preparedprepared
Typical large group mealTypical large group meal
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Typical large group mealTypical large group meal
DumplingsDumplings
Spicy meat!Spicy meat!
KohlrabiKohlrabi
eggseggs
Beef andBeef andsnow peassnow peas
RiceRice
??
??
??
??
????
??
??
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Whats That?Whats That?
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Also in the Hutong, aAlso in the Hutong, aprinces palace.princes palace.
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Religious StructuresReligious Structures
Were mostly destroyed during the CulturalWere mostly destroyed during the CulturalRevolution (1966 through 1976)Revolution (1966 through 1976)
Some have been rebuilt to encourageSome have been rebuilt to encourage
tourismtourism TypesTypes
ChristianChristian
ConfucianConfucian TaoistTaoist
BuddhistBuddhist
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The Catholic ChurchThe Catholic Church
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Confucius (Kong Fu Tse)Confucius (Kong Fu Tse)
TempleTemple
Now the Beijing CapitalNow the Beijing Capital
MuseumMuseum
These are some of the 198 columns (stele) contain the names ofThese are some of the 198 columns (stele) contain the names of
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These are some of the 198 columns (stele) contain the names ofThese are some of the 198 columns (stele) contain the names of
51,624 men who passed the scholars exam during the Yuan, Ming51,624 men who passed the scholars exam during the Yuan, Ming
and Qing Dynasties. These forerunners of the ACT where givenand Qing Dynasties. These forerunners of the ACT where given
only once every 3 years and qualified one to be a scholar. Theyonly once every 3 years and qualified one to be a scholar. They
were based solely on the writings of Confucius and otherwere based solely on the writings of Confucius and other
philosophers.philosophers.
TaoistTaoist ShrineShrine
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TaoistTaoist ShrineShrine
Natures BeautyNatures Beauty
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Nature s BeautyNature s Beauty
is Esteemedis Esteemed
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To startTo start
isis
mostmost
important.important.
Note the similarity toNote the similarity to
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yy
other structures.other structures.
S l d l ithS l d l ith
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??
Sealed plaques with messagesSealed plaques with messages
(wishes?, prayers?) inside(wishes?, prayers?) inside
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Lama Temple (Buddhist)Lama Temple (Buddhist)
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Thanks to Sarah CooneyThanks to Sarah Cooney
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In the Buddhist Temple!In the Buddhist Temple!
Temple ofTemple of
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Temple ofTemple of
HeavenHeaven
Circles areCircles are
symbolic ofsymbolic ofHeaven.Heaven.
Rectangles areRectangles are
symbolic of Earth.symbolic of Earth.
Once a year the emperor would walk along theOnce a year the emperor would walk along the
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marble path. . .marble path. . .
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. . .through. . .through
thethe
SouthSouth
Gate . . .Gate . . .
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. . .stopping along the way to pray, fast, . . .. . .stopping along the way to pray, fast, . . .
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. . . Ascend the 3. . . Ascend the 3--tiered circular mound. . .tiered circular mound. . .
. . .stand on the center. . .stand on the center
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stone. . .stone. . .
Guess how many ringsGuess how many rings
of paving stonesof paving stones
surround the centersurround the center
stone!stone!
C l i ti iC l i ti i
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. . . Culminating in. . . Culminating in
the entrance tothe entrance to
the centralthe centralpagoda where. . .pagoda where. . .
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. . . He would pray and. . . He would pray and
offer sacrifices to ensure aoffer sacrifices to ensure a
good harvest.good harvest.
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ChinaChinaBeijingBeijing
The EndThe End